# Digital fluid flow:
In the context of liquidity pools, where crypto fluxes are considered fluid flows, the concept of liquidity is analogous to fluidity, as mentioned in [1]. Just like fluidity is characterized by the ease with which a fluid can flow, liquidity is characterized by the ease with which a crypto asset can be bought or sold without impacting its price. Liquidity pools, which are smart contracts containing locked crypto tokens, function like reservoirs of liquidity for different crypto assets, similar to how a fluid reservoir stores fluid for use as needed. The liquidity in these pools is used to enable faster transactions for users, similar to how fluid flows quickly and smoothly through a pipe that is supplied by a reservoir with adequate fluid. Therefore, the analogy between crypto fluxes and fluid flows in liquidity pools highlights the importance of ensuring adequate liquidity for smooth and efficient transactions.
<b>References:</b>
<span>[1] <a href='https://www.coindesk.com/learn/what-are-liquidity-pools/' target='_blank' class='text-purple-1 underline'>What Are Liquidity Pools?</a></span>
<span>[2] <a href='https://sensoriumxr.com/articles/what-are-liquidity-pools' target='_blank' class='text-purple-1 underline'>What Are Liquidity Pools? DeFi Liquidity Explained</a></span>
<span>[3] <a href='https://decrypt.co/resources/what-are-liquidity-pools-the-funds-that-keep-defi-running/' target='_blank' class='text-purple-1 underline'>What Are Liquidity Pools? The Funds That Keep DeFi ...</a></span>
**Laminar Flow & Helicity:**
The dot product of velocity and vorticity defines the helicity, as described in [3]. Helicity is an important concept in fluid dynamics and meteorology, as mentioned in [1] and [2]. In fluid dynamics, helicity measures the knottedness and/or linkage of the vortex lines of a flow and is invariant under ideal-fluid Euler evolution [1]. In meteorology, helicity is associated with the transfer of vorticity from the environment to an air parcel in convective motion [2]. Helicity is an important concept at a fundamental level in relation to flow kinematics [3]. The dot product of velocity and vorticity, which defines helicity, is an invariant of the Euler equation [3].
<b>References:</b>
<span>[1] <a href='https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1400277111' target='_blank' class='text-purple-1 underline'>Helicity and singular structures in fluid dynamics</a></span>
<span>[2] <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrodynamical_helicity' target='_blank' class='text-purple-1 underline'>Hydrodynamical helicity</a></span>
<span>[3] <a href='http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/hkm2/PDFs/Moffatt_Tsinober_1992_ARFM_24_281.pdf' target='_blank' class='text-purple-1 underline'>Helicity in Laminar and Turbulent Flow</a></span>
**Orthogonality & fluid flow coordinates in open cyberspace**
What is the dot product of velocity and vorticity?
The scalar (dot) product between velocity and vorticity defines the helicity which plays an important role in many phenomena (it is an invariant of Euler equation).
*Why is the vorticity vector perpendicular to the velocity vector?*
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