# singularity 指令 ###### tags: `singularity` * 下載已存在鏡像 和Docker類似，要運行 Singularity 也需要先獲取鏡像，Singularity 可以從Singularity Hub 或者 Docker Hub 來獲取已存在的鏡像。 ``` Singularity Hub singularity -d build lolcow.simg shub://GodloveD/lolcow Docker Hub singularity -d build lolcow.simg docker://godlovedc/lolcow singularity -d build centos.simg docker://centos singularity -d build ubuntu.simg docker://ubuntu ``` * 交互模式運行 ``` singularity shell ubuntu.simg Singularity: Invoking an interactive shell within container... Singularity ubuntu.simg:~> pwd /home/admin Singularity ubuntu.simg:~> id uid=1000(admin) gid=1000(admin) groups=1000(admin),10(wheel) ``` * 執行一個命令並退出 ``` singularity exec ubuntu.simg bash -c "pwd && id" /home/admin uid=1000(admin) gid=1000(admin) groups=1000(admin),10(wheel) ``` * 運行一個容器 ``` singularity run ubuntu.simg admin@bdmaster:~$ pwd /home/admin admin@bdmaster:~$ id uid=1000(admin) gid=1000(admin) groups=1000(admin),10(wheel) ``` ### 後臺運行容器實例 * 啓動實例 ``` singularity instance.start ubuntu.simg test1 singularity instance.start ubuntu.simg test2 ``` * 查看實例 ``` singularity instance.list DAEMON NAME PID CONTAINER IMAGE test1 14172 /home/admin/ubuntu.simg test2 14239 /home/admin/ubuntu.simg ``` * 操作實例 可以通過 shell, exec, run 命令來連到容器中運行命令 ``` singularity shell instance://test1 Singularity ubuntu.simg:~> ps -ef UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD admin 1 0 0 03:14 ? 00:00:00 singularity-instance: admin [test1] admin 3 0 3 03:14 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/bash --norc admin 4 3 0 03:14 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef ``` * 使用 exec 執行命令 ``` singularity exec instance://test1 ps -ef UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD admin 1 0 0 03:14 ? 00:00:00 singularity-instance: admin [test1] admin 6 0 0 03:15 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef ``` * 停止實例 ``` singularity instance.stop test1 ``` * 綁定目錄 在 Singularity 中也可以在 shell, run, instance.start 等命令中通過 “-B” 選項來實現 Docker 中 “-v” 選項提供掛載卷的功能，比 ``` singularity shell -B /apps:/apps ubuntu.simg ``` [來源網址](https://www.twblogs.net/a/5d425013bd9eee5174235098) [上一屆超電共筆](https://hackmd.io/@tings0802/sc_note/https%3A%2F%2Fhackmd.io%2F%40tings0802%2Fsingularity) [userguide](https://sylabs.io/guides/3.5/user-guide/index.html) [使用教學](https://blog.gtwang.org/linux/singularity-3-installation-and-usage-tutorial/)