# <center>3. RAN History</center> ###### tags: `Guide book` <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/-fVHO_WCGF8?start=58" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe> ## 3.1 Traditional RAN ![](https://i.imgur.com/jNtWjtg.png) In the past, Telco provider needs to setup all the equipment including the base station server near the antennas. This condition makes the installation of a base station is expensive and not efficient (since every server require extra space & cooling system for the installation). --- ## 3.2 V-RAN / C-RAN ###### tags: `O-RAN Guide Book` ![](https://i.imgur.com/E2UkDWI.png) Cloud RAN (C-RAN) or Virtual RAN (vRAN) then being invented to simplify the equipments that required for a base station installation. The purpose of C-RAN is to **centering the logic function of networking operation into a cloud**. This cloud service for RAN is also called **Core Network**. The innovation of fiber optic also give support to move the logic server into a Core network server. This approach is more efficient, since we can reduce the cost for the space and cooling system for base station. :::info **Notes**: C-RAN is not O-RAN (Every C-RAN is maintained by a single operator) ::: # 3.3 O-RAN ###### tags: `O-RAN Guide Book` --- Since there are so many Telco providers & hardware vendors, it makes the integration between devices & framework of C-RAN more complicated. Then some communities & companies initiate to make an open-source of C-RAN systems that could be use for every provider and vendors.