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# System prepended metadata

title: L1 networking(consensus layer)

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# L1 networking(consensus layer)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XvWf6QMBO6k


## Consensus Layer networking

The CL networking can be divided into 3 major domains
- discovery domain
- gossip domain
- req/resp domain

**Discovery**:
Ethereum currently employees discv5 

https://github.com/ethereum/devp2p/blob/master/discv5/discv5.md


**gossip**
- floodsub: 
- episub: creating acyclic graph for each topic https://github.com/libp2p/specs/blob/master/pubsub/gossipsub/episub.md
- gossipsub1.0: https://github.com/libp2p/specs/blob/master/pubsub/gossipsub/gossipsub-v1.0.md
- gossipsub1.1:https://github.com/libp2p/specs/blob/master/pubsub/gossipsub/gossipsub-v1.1.md
- gossipsub1.2: https://github.com/libp2p/specs/blob/master/pubsub/gossipsub/gossipsub-v1.2.md
- topic observation: https://ethresear.ch/t/gossipsub-topic-observation-proposed-gossipsub-1-3/20907

**what is gossipsub's primary objective?**

gossipsub is the gossip protocol used in Ethereum for message dissemination. 

types for messages
![Screenshot 2024-12-09 at 7.45.10 AM](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/SJzvIPNNkx.png)

**what are the major bottlenecks in gossip protocols?**

- message amplification
- network bandwidth consumption
- timing(implication on timing games)


visualisation - https://joelgustafson.com/posts/2024-09-30/gossiplog-reliable-causal-broadcast-for-libp2p

reduntant information or duplicate messages

peerscoring - https://github.com/libp2p/specs/blob/b5f7fce29b32d4c7d0efe37b019936a11e5db872/pubsub/gossipsub/gossipsub-v1.1.md?plain=1#L297

compression
currently used in snappy developed by google 

https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/phase0/p2p-interface.md

https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/deneb/p2p-interface.md


Forks with anticipated networking changes:
- DAS forks(peerDAS, 2D sampling, 128Blobs)
- Single slot finality 

*peer sampling* - probing for samples from peers that are stored in local cache almostly no message amplication but brittle 
https://hackmd.io/@nashatyrev/By5xLTxMye

*subnet sampling* - subnet is messages that are floodsub within a subnet. message amplication is greater but the protocol is robust

grossary

links:
https://megaeth.systems/research
- BLS signature sizes
- winternitz signature sizes -100Kb 
- aggregator committees 