# Dreadlock 與黑人文化 Source: Text Heyo https://hk.news.yahoo.com/%E5%AC%89%E6%80%92%E5%99%8F%EF%BC%9A%E5%A5%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%A5%BD%E8%80%85%E9%BB%91%E9%AC%BC%E9%A0%AD-051056605.html How eurocentrism affected beauty standard (由少數族裔學生寫的反思） Eurocentrism in Beauty Standards – The Monarch (amhsnews.org) （論文） occidentalisation_of_beauty_standards_eurocentrism.pdf (harvard.edu) （網上雜誌） How Eurocentric Beauty Standards Pressure WOC - AWARE (aware-ae.com) Colourism https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200818-colourism-in-india-the-people-fighting-light-skin-bias https://www.jstor.org/stable/3081860 Bob Marley was a Jamaican singer-songwriter who became an international musical and cultural icon, blending reggae, ska, and rocksteady in his compositions. He was also a political activist who fought for peace after years of political violence in his homeland1. https://tribunemag.co.uk/2021/08/bob-marleys-fight-for-political-change-in-jamaica Bob Marley was concerned with freedom, poverty, oppression, colonialism, and racism and sung about them frequently1. https://hollowverse.com/bob-marley His music still offers rallying cries to many who feel oppressed1. Bob Marley’s political views were shaped by his upbringing in Jamaica, which was then a British colony2. He was exposed to the country’s struggle for independence and the racism that was rampant under British rule2. These experiences had a profound effect on Marley and he became a vocal advocate for the rights of his people2. He was also a strong supporter of the black power movement, and he used his platform to speak out against racism and injustice2. Through his songs, he frequently discussed social and political issues, and his music played an important role in raising awareness about these issues2. https://www.joweeomicil.com/bob-marley-a-legend-who-fought-for-social-change/ 1974 to 1980, Jamaica was rife with political violence. Gangs linked to the country’s two parties, the democratic socialist People’s National Party (PNP) and the conservative Jamaican Labour Party (JLP), were locked in an urban paramilitary conflict that killed, injured, and displaced thousands of people. In 1978, influenced by the Rastafarian message of unity, gang leaders agreed to peace talks. Out of this process came the One Love Peace Concert in Kingston, which brought together rival gang members, party officials, and the biggest names in reggae, including Bob Marley, who had himself been shot two years prior, most likely by a JLP gunman. During his performance, Marley summoned onstage the party leaders, prime minister Michael Manley of the PNP and his opponent, Edward Seaga of the JLP, and clasped their hands in a sign of unity. Images of that moment are now iconic, in part because they seem to show Bob Marley as mainstream global culture imagines him: a peacemaker transcending all conflict, including politics. https://tribunemag.co.uk/2021/08/bob-marleys-fight-for-political-change-in-jamaica Dreadlocks are a hairstyle that originated in Africa and were brought to Jamaica by slaves. The Rastafari movement adopted dreadlocks as a symbol of their faith and lifestyle2. Jamaica has a long history of rebellion against colonialism and slavery. The Maroon Wars were fought between escaped slaves and the British colonial authorities in the 18th century. The Morant Bay Rebellion of 1865 was led by Paul Bogle and was a turning point in Jamaica’s history, leading to greater political representation for Jamaicans2. https://www.esquire.com/uk/style/grooming/a34465402/history-of-dreadlocks/ The Rastafari movement began in Jamaica during the 1930s following a prophecy made by Marcus Garvey, a black political leader1. Garvey led an organization known as the Universal Negro Improvement Association, whose intention was to unify blacks with their land of origin1. The movement developed out of the legacy of the Atlantic slave trade, in which over ten million Africans were enslaved and transported to the Americas between the 16th and 19th centuries2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Rastafari Rastafarians believe that Haile Selassie I, former emperor of Ethiopia, is the messiah and that he will lead them back to Africa3. They also believe in the use of marijuana as a sacrament and reject Western society’s materialism3. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rastafari https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/rastafari/history/history.shtml The Rastafari flag consists of three colors: red, gold, and green1. https://rastafarianish.com/blogs/blog/the-meaning-of-the-rastafarian-flag Green stands for the land and their connection to it1. Gold represents the gold that British colonizers of Jamaica stole1. Red signifies the blood of those killed for the cause of the African community throughout history2. https://www.rastaknowledge.com/2020/12/28/red-gold-and-green-what-do-these-colour-mean-in-rastafari/ Sources: video Revolution https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YEkw6-dtBy0 Get up Stand Up by Bob Marley https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RhJ0q7X3DLM Bob Marley 講解佢點護理Dreadlock https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3_pO12Qcig Jamaican history https://youtu.be/PQ1BNJpVS5M Sebastian 配音員故事 https://youtu.be/lamckbRmbH4 Calypso Music https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjRKS1MvgXU Under the sea live https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RO0HfBGTGOg Rob Marshall 回應選角爭議 https://www.youtube.com/shorts/mmlANiTUEJs 呀鼠前往牙買加錄音 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Zy61RvAGrs 有一些黑人表示在商界因為頭髮而被歧視 https://youtu.be/yvVF13mp3oY https://youtu.be/DGYJ3LpXA_4 時至今日，在非洲你也會因為dreadlock 而遭受歧視 https://youtu.be/_HcacQnoNFk Cultural Appropriation? https://youtu.be/58NFBsEsVqQ Dreadlock in Japan https://youtu.be/FCIc-xiZAP0 A black women’s history of hair https://youtu.be/hWVzi8pX2jw Hair love https://youtu.be/kNw8V_Fkw28 印度的白皮膚潮流 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KW7_2-snzOI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BlOHSbf9XGI 韓國的醫美 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vRJLGiP7OVU