What does resilience means, and what does going back to normal will require
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::: success
Draft for a potential Journal Paper
:::
###### tags: `resilience` `normal state` `causality` `collective behavior`

Table of content
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[TOC]

:books: References and useful links:
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:::warning
Here we can add all links or resources we think can be useful, later can be the fuel for any reference section.
:::
- [Urban Solutions](https://www.clc.gov.sg/docs/default-source/urban-solutions/urban-solutions-20-the-science-of-cities.pdf): The chapters from Michael Baty Pag, 42 and Space Syntax Pag 47 were exciting, and it can be helpful to define the pillars of any framework to evaluate the resilience concept
- [The impacts of historic shocks on infrastructure demand](https://nic.org.uk/app/uploads/Historic-shocks-report-McArthur-Smeds-Zerjav-May-2021.pdf)
- [Epidemic, Endemic, Pandemic: What are the Differences?](https://www.publichealth.columbia.edu/public-health-now/news/epidemic-endemic-pandemic-what-are-differences): Having a list of acction or messuares to clasiffy some level of risks. So we could use similar aproach for messuaring the level of Schoks.
- [Ranking the effectiveness of worldwide COVID-19 government interventions](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-020-01009-0): Can give us an clue of what where the most effective NPIs and then related to the possible resilience actions.
- [How control theory can help us control Covid-19](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9099929): The COVID-19 pandemic isn't an obvious or typical engineering problem. But in its basic behavior it is an unstable, open-loop system. Left alone, it grows exponentially. Like many such systems, it can be stabilized effectively and efficiently by applying the principles of control theory, most notably the use of feedback. [Model used in the paper for futher exploration](https://github.com/jckantor/covid-19)
- [An Additive Statistical Modeling Approach to the Analysis of Transport Infrastructure Flood Risk-Based Resilience](https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/56346):
- [Transport infrastructure resilience and statistical modelling](https://www.innovationnewsnetwork.com/transport-infrastructure-resilience/769/):
- [Stability Theory ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stability_theory):
- [Perturbation theory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perturbation_theory):

Intro / Motivation / Ideas
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We can use some of the S&R text, but more importantly after several meetings, we have no clue what resilience means, what context should be consider, how we can evaluate, and can we come up with some quantitative approach to messuare it.

A preliminary idea can be a systematic review about what has been defined by resilience, but we need some lines of direcction because the concept has been applied to many things, so we are dealing with a buzzword.

Relate shock--Resilience-Data simulation and perphaps - Urban analytics to define how our society can or cannot go back to the so-called normal state.

What if we can use some ideas/progress from our previous projects to define the lines of analisys. For instance

:dart: Preleminary/exploratory Tasks
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Based on our conversation/ideas over a systematic framework o model to define what is resilience. We set the following tasks

| Leader | Activity | Deadline |
| -------- | -------- | -------- |
| Anna | General definition and kick-off discussion of what does it means when it comes to resilience | 24th March
| James | Historical approach of shocks |24th March
| Fernando| What would be the pillars or main topics to evaluate resiliences in urban context|24th March

:mag: Preliminary Research questions
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:::info
These are only some I could recall from our previous conversation, please feel free to remove/adapt/correct and add all you considered appropriate.
:::

1. After a potentially worldwide scale shock, will our society recover to a previous state defined as normal?.

2. What will be the chain of events/circumstances that need to occur to enter a shocking state? (e.g., health system under high pressure, fast economic collapse, restricted mobility, and so on). Thinking on the similar line to the differences among Epidemic, Endemic, Pandemic [1]: https://www.publichealth.columbia.edu/public-health-now/news/epidemic-endemic-pandemic-what-are-differences

3. What will be the line of actions that, as a society, we need to follow to face new and different shocks (e.g., COVID). What will be the protocol for the massive shock that helps to reduce the impact of the previous circumstances (book of lessons learned)?

Meeting insights
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1. Decision/policy making process/system would be the aim to define resilience. Preparing for future shocks. Find ways to collect the data in a more trustworthy way.

2. Shocks can be on way to stress the system to provide desired outcomes.

3. Adapting goverments to face different schocks

4. Board with Hellen Notes 

5. Notes from Omar: The resiliance of public policy in Economic Development--> this is a nice approach to replicate.

Estimation of Resilience:

6. Notes from Helen: AI is the way to replace humans to make the things faster and cheaper. You could have multiple outcomes, datasets, workflows.

TODO
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For the next meeting approach ---> Initial revision for the Syst Review of what resiliance means in relate with decision-making process.

Model/Framework/Sys Review
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Papers for Resilience in Decision Making
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1.[ This paper ](https://www.scirp.org/pdf/OALibJ_2016071115050363.pdf)provides an overview on resilience by giving a series of defintions, it highlights what Kat pointed out, the split definition about resilience in ecology and in engineering. At the end it provides a prposale on 'social-ecological evolutionary resilience as theoretical
and conceptual foundation for sustainability transformation.'

2. [ This paper ](https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23789689.2018.1428162) A multidisciplinary definition and evaluation of resilience: the role of social justice in defining resilience

3. [ Risk and resilence book to check](https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-56067-6) on Socio-Spatial and Environmental Challenges

quantifying resilience using modeling approach

Use Cases / Data
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Future Direcctions
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Notes AFS
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Google search: quantifying resilience using modeling approach