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安柏寧的成分就是Alprazolam阿普唑侖又名佳靜安定，歐美部分國家商品名為贊安諾，是一種短效的苯二氮䓬類藥物。

Alprazolam


![](https://i.imgur.com/L2SmoUf.png)


在評估麻醉學的最新進展時，多倫多大學麻醉學和生理學教授 Beverley Orser (2007) 討論了包括 BZ 在內的麻醉劑的作用機制。 她的描述證實了關於這些藥物的大腦致殘原則：
In evaluating the latest advances in anesthesiology, Beverley Orser (2007), Professor of Anesthesiology and Physiology at the University of Toronto, discussed the mechanism of action of anesthetics, including BZs. Her description confirmed the brain-disabling principle in regard to these drugs:


由於意識是一種複雜的體驗，其定義屬性仍然受到神經科學家的激烈爭論，因此在麻醉期間確定單一的無意識解剖來源並不容易。
Because consciousness is a complex experience whose defining properties are still hotly debated by neuroscientists, it is not as easy to pinpoint a single anatomical source of unconsciousness during anesthesia.


一個領先的理論認為，這僅僅是“認知解除”的結果——通常在高級認知處理中合作的許多大腦區域之間的交流被切斷。 即使在局部層面，如果將神經元組想像成在龐大的電話網絡中形成線路，全身麻醉的效果類似於拔掉交換機上的插頭。
One leading theory holds that it is simply the result of “cognitive unbinding”—a severing of communication between the many brain regions that usually cooperate in higher cognitive processing. Even at the local level, if one imagines groups of neurons as forming lines in a vast telephone network, the effect of general anesthesia is analogous to pulling out the plugs at the switchboard.

當一個人接受麻醉或服用 BZ 來緩解焦慮時，就會發生這種大腦功能和意識的普遍破壞。 不幸的是，Orser 博士（2007 年）關於 BZ 的大腦功能障礙的複雜程度在精神病藥物專家中嚴重缺失，他們堅持認為他們的化學物質治療特定的精神疾病類似於胰島素治療糖尿病的方式。
This kind of general disruption of brain function and consciousness takes place when an individual undergoes anesthesia—or takes a BZ to relieve anxiety. Unfortunately, Dr. Orser’s (2007) level of sophistication about the brain-disabling effects of BZs is sorely missing among psychiatric drug experts who persist in believing that their chemicals treat specific psychiatric disorders similar to the way insulin treats diabetes.

