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# System prepended metadata

title: EPF Update 20221026

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# EPF Update 20221026

Start reseraching the project topics: https://github.com/eth-protocol-fellows/cohort-three/blob/master/projects/project-ideas.md


## Reserach 

Light Client:
- Light Clients After the Merge https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=ZHNrAXf3RDE
  - What is Light Client?
    - Wallets
  - Ethereum Data
  - Merkle Tree: Need a root and proof the verify data
    - EIP 1186 eth_getProof
  - Light client data
    - REST, libp2p, Portal
  - Back to Wallet
    1. eth_getBalance
    2. getLightClientUpdatesByRange, eth_getProof
    3. Verifying Proxy
  - The purpose is to let light clients don't need to trust RPC nodes
- Specs
  - https://github.com/ethereum/portal-network-specs/tree/master/beacon-chain
- Implementations
  - https://github.com/ethereumjs/ultralight
  - https://github.com/ChainSafe/lodestar/tree/unstable/packages/light-client

Beacon Chain API:
- Beacon Chain API Docs https://github.com/ethereum/beacon-APIs

Consensus Layer:
- A technical handbook on Ethereum's move to proof of stake and beyond https://eth2book.info/bellatrix/
  - [Reward](https://eth2book.info/bellatrix/part2/incentives/rewards/#attestation-rewards)
- Specs https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs
  - [Beacon Chain](https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md)
  - [Honest Validator](https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/phase0/validator.md)

Layer 2:
- Optimisum: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiU-g8XHi5s&ab_channel=EthereumFoundation
- Scroll: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6kOGas--dE&ab_channel=EthereumFoundation
- zkEVM: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W2f_GLEtobo&ab_channel=EthereumFoundation

## Project Direction

[Client Reward API](https://github.com/eth-protocol-fellows/cohort-three/blob/master/projects/project-ideas.md#consensus-client-reward-apis)
  - Presently there are no cross-client APIs for calculating the **rewards** paid to validators for publishing attestations, block proposals and other messages.

### Questions
- How validator get rewards?
  - The beacon chain protocol incentivises each validator to behave well by providing rewards for [three activities](https://eth2book.info/bellatrix/part2/incentives/rewards/#introduction)
  - Make attestations
  - Propose blocks
  - Signing off on blocks in sync committees
- How to calculate each reward for validators?
  - Basic
    - Validators may receive rewards only between their activation and exit epochs. (Lifecycle: Activation -> Exit -> Withdrawable)
    - Rewards scale with effective balance
  - The total issuance [formula](https://eth2book.info/bellatrix/part2/incentives/rewards/#total-issuance) 
- Do we need to consider the penalty?
- What are the latest specs of the reward mechanism?
  - [Block proposal](https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/phase0/validator.md#block-proposal)
  - [Attesting](https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/phase0/validator.md#attesting)
  - [Attestation aggregation](https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/phase0/validator.md#attestation-aggregation)
- Which client should we work on first?

### Next steps

Figure out the questions and design the API specs.
