## <span class="censor">Data Subjects 2022 <br>// S03: Digital identities </span>
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<img src="https://i.kym-cdn.com/photos/images/original/001/608/418/0bd.jpg" width=100%>
Pablo Velasco // Information Studies // [pablov.me](https://pablov.me)
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## Plan for the day:
* Performance and self-classification
* Data subject as produser
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# identity
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### Identity as classification
<!-- "being danish: paradoxes of identity in everyday life" -- "please"-->
<span class="censor">"All human knowledge is dependant on upon classification”</span> <!--weird generalisation, but ok-->
- Dialectics of **internal** (self or group categorization) and **external** (categorisation made by others) moments of identification
- 3 orders of social phenomena (neither of these isolated):
1. Individual order (own body and mind)
2. Interaction order (co-presence between individuals)
3. Institutional order: symbolic patterns
<span class="refs">Jenkins, R. (2000). Categorization: Identity, Social Process and Epistemology. Current Sociology, 48(3), 7–25.</span>
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### Performance of identity
| | |
| -------- | -------- |
| <br>a) personal identity <!--unique characters--><br>b) social identity <!-- categorical identity. being danish--><br>c) ego identity <!--how do we think of ourselves as a person--><br><br>*frontstage* (clear cues and patterns of exchange, and self-awareness) <br><br>*backstage* (private, and less articulated, intimate space)<br><span class="refs">Goffman, E. (1973). The presentation of self in everyday life. Overlook.</span> | <img src="https://cdn-rdb.arla.com/Files/arla-dk/2678888261/f2fe448a-738b-4e32-8f54-2f6061893507.jpg?mode=crop&w=991&h=694&ak=6826258c&hm=bae65f96" width=100%> |
**HOWEVER**, in online exchanges “the performance is suspended between the private and the public”
<span class="refs">Pearson, E. (2009). All the World Wide Web’s a stage: The performance of identity in online social networks. First Monday, 14(3).</span>
<!--*Who watches our backstage?-->
<!--glass bedroom metaphor-->
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**"Context collapse”**: social media flattens diverse audiences
<span class="refs">Taken Out of Context: American Teen Sociality in Networked Publics. Social Science Research Network</span>
<img src="https://64.media.tumblr.com/32086f0ba0b1d97b9f5592777c2c8f49/tumblr_n1t17iNeyM1sllnt2o1_500.gif" width="80%">
<span class="censor">"The requirement to present a verifiable, singular identity makes it impossible to differ self-presentation strategies, creating tension as diverse groups of people flock to social network sites"</span>
<span class="refs">Marwick, A. E., & boyd, danah. (2011). I tweet honestly, I tweet passionately: Twitter users, context collapse, and the imagined audience. New Media & Society.</span>
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### <span class="pinky">MINI-ACTIVITY</span>
*(psychometric test)*
Personality Quiz “popular culture identity”:
https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/characters/
1. Do the 36 question version of the test (not the emoji one)
3. Do you identify yourself with the fictional character that "statistically" represents your personality? How so?
<!-- anyone does not know the character?-->
<br>
15 contexts form Smith & Watson:
* Audiences, authenticity, automediality, avatars, branding, confession online, ethics, identity online, memory, paratext, computational/quantified self, user-authored and protocol-driven sites
<span class="refs">Smith, S., & Watson, J. (2014). Virtually Me: A Toolbox about Online Self-Presentation. In A. Poletti & J. Rak (Eds.), Identity technologies: Constructing the self online. The University of Wisconsin Press.
</span>
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### IRL
#### "online lives" "flesh-and-blood" "outernet" "authobiographical subject"
* "self" (not the enlightenment rational self, not an essence) but <span class="censor">"a moving target, which privisionally conjoins memory, identity, experience, relationality, embodiment, affect, and limited agency"</span>
* “Do self-presentations and extensions through assemblages, links, and avatars signal the emergence of **a new posthuman subjectivity**? **Or** is **the virtualization of the subject only a neoliberal manifestation of the mind-body split** as a legacy of Enlightenment humanism?”
¨¨¨
"We have not found the term '**user**' sufficient and distinctive for online but also have not been able to come up with an alternative"
<span class="refs">Smith, S., & Watson, J. (2014). Virtually Me: A Toolbox about Online Self-Presentation. In A. Poletti & J. Rak (Eds.), Identity technologies: Constructing the self online. The University of Wisconsin Press.
</span>
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# produser
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### The produser persona
<span class="censor">"the collaborative, iterative, and user-led production of content by participants in a hybrid user-producer pr *produser* role."</span>
| | |
| -------- | -------- |
|  | **Prosumer**: producer + consumer<br><span class="refs">Toffler, A. (1980). The Third Wave. Bantam.</span> |
|  | **Produser**: producer + user (of content and technical systems)<br><span class="refs">Bruns, A. (2006). Towards Produsage: Futures for User-Led Content Production.</span> |
(Arguably an alteration of the value chain)
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- **Produser practices**:
- user-led content production
- "products" are temporary artifacts
- collaborative enagagement
- iterative development
- alternative approaches to Intellectual Property <!-- alt licenses-->
- heterartical structures -> cooperation (meritocracy) <!-- who's the queen in wikipedia-->
- **Open issues**:
- explotation
- Liability / missinformation <!-- self-produced alternative narratives-->
<!--Q - produser as subject / produser as exploitation -->
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/yT51hBa.png" width="20%"><span>................</span><img src="https://i.imgur.com/C7xnlAq.png" width="20%">
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| | <h3>pastoral</h3> | <h3>modern</h3> | <h3>datalogical</h3> |
|:------------------ |:-----------------:|:---------------:|:--------------------:|
| <h4>*science*</h4> | religion | sciences | <p>*data*</p> |
| <h4>document</h4> | codex | law | <p>*algorithms*<br>*visualisation*<br>*servers*/*databases*</p> |
| <h4>behaviour</h4> | submission | discipline | <p>*surveillance*</p> |
| <h4>authority</h4> | church | state | <p>*corporations <br> data processors*</p> |
| <h4>identity</h4> | soul | mind | <p>*</p> |
---
# <span class="pinky">Activity: trace value</span>
#### Digital performance <span style="font-size:1.2em">⇌</span> Production of value
(1-2 people)
<!--Where is value produced?-->
1. Select a website (or series of websites) that you interact with on a constant basis (not an app, unless it has a website interface available)
3. Write what may take the place of "frontstage" and "backstage" in your interaction with the website
4. Select some of the concepts/questions from the Smith & Watson's toolkit (some should be more relevant than others for your particular case)
7. How do the concepts are materialised in the website selection through your interaction (you can start with the questions offered in for each concept as a guideline, e.g. "avatars", *What possibilities of avatar identity are generated by site templates and protocols*)?
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## For next class:
### 1. *Bring* your website and related concepts/questions from the toolkit
### 2. Install [Selenium Ide](https://www.selenium.dev/selenium-ide/) (browser plug-in) before class
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