---
# System prepended metadata

title: Literature Review

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# Literature Review

## Context 
- We are planning to work on an **academic paper** during fall
- We are targeting english speaking journals : **Urban Studies**
- The paper will be based on a **survey** we conducted last year in april : My Office Post Lockdown (3rd edition) and about which we already wrote a lot of short papers for broad audience media (see below)
- The axis of the paper will be about **social inequalities** towards **lockdown and teleworking experience**, mainly based on **gender**, **social position** and **age**; and on social inequalities and preferences **in the workplace**
- The main idea of our work is : The covid-crisis enlightened social inequalites towards teleworking. It also allowed companies to implement in their spatial organization of workplace policies - such as generalizing the flexible office or teleworking - without considering the reluctance of their employees in this mutation. Various workplace settings are not convenient for everybody, and not taking this into account, companies risk increasing these inequalities and endangering the well-being of employees at work (and thus their efficiency).

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## Update : 16/09/2021 

- Ingrid & I decided to focus the article for Urban Studies (as originally planned, but as our _really great_ literature review confirms, this is the right option!)
- The paper will address the **effects of telework** on the **future of business districts**, with a **focus on Paris** and Ile de France (and the 2 main business districts: Paris CBD and La Défense)
- The question we ask is: **"will telework kill business districts?"** (_and the answer is no_)
- The idea is to say that **telework is not for everyone**, and that **telework as we know it** (the one that existed before covid &  the one that was imposed during covid) **will fundamentally change in the post covid world**.
- The underlying idea is the following: **as companies will not continue to offer telework without a legal framework** to employees, and **as real estate is expensive** for companies, the **flexible office will be imposed** in compensation, which will **displease employees**, who will **want to go back to the office** (_that is why the answer is "no"_)
- For this we will use the data from our surveys led this year (**My Office Post Lockdown 1, 2 & 3**) and analyse it as a time series.
- We also need to refocus the literature review on **new keywords** 
    - **activity base work**/**office**
    - commercial real estate
    - union issues in relation with the office workplace (struggle btwn employees and direction)
    - (this list will evolve according to what we find...)
- You can also read the following paper, written by Ingrid, addressing the commercial real estate context and challenges : https://doi.org/10.1108/JCRE-02-2020-0006 (access granted via Essec/k-lab)
- For the references : 
    -   Pay attention to recurrent authors on the topic (i.e. Richard Shearmur) : their references sections can be very interesting to browse
    -   Browse the references of the most interesting selected papers
    -   If you need new references idea, refer to the ranking list below (🏆)

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## Sources to start and discover the study 
- My Post Lockdown Office III (main results & infographics) : https://sites.google.com/a/essec.edu/workplace-management-chair/our-surveys/my-office-post-lockdown-iii

- Essec Knowledge Synthesis : https://knowledge.essec.edu/en/leadership/what-women-want-their-office-spaces.html

- In the media : https://sites.google.com/a/essec.edu/workplace-management-chair/they-speak-about-us/press-articles


> and also : other papers of the Chair on other topics :
> - In the Academia : https://sites.google.com/a/essec.edu/workplace-management-chair/they-speak-about-us/academic-articles


## Missions 
- Literature review : academic papers, english (mostly) & french
- (and later eventually) Statistical processing and analysis on our next survey to be launched in Jan. 2022

## Starter pack
### Key words for literature survey
   - **Office**
   - **Workplace / workspace**
   - **Open-plan office** / **private office** / **flexible office** / **third places** / **teleworking** (and synonyms of teleworking : remote working, telecommuting, etc.)
   - **Representations** / **perceptions** / experience / practices
   - **Inequalities** / Social inequalities / social disparities / gender inequalities / **gender inequalities in the workplace** /  generational inequalities / social position in the workplace / **social status inequalities** / work status
   - **Hierarchical** status / **executives** / **managers** / **non executive employees** / technicians (differences of worplace habits and preferences among hierachical levels in companies)
   - **Health** / **Risks** / Mental Health / Wellbeing
   - etc.

### Journals (non exhaustive list)
   - **Urban Studies**
   - Regional Science and Urban Economics
   - Economic Geography
   - Journal of Economic Geography
   - Real Estate Economics
   - Journal of Urban Economics
   - Labour Economics
   - Regional science and urban economics
   - International Journal of Urban and Regional Research
   - Revue d'Economie Régionale et Urbaine (FR)
   - ... and other sources available on **Google Scholar**

🏆 Essec ranking of academic journals (english & fr versions)
https://www.essec.edu/media/faculte-et-recherche/recherche/revues-management-classification.pdf

### Method 
   - 1st step :
       - **browse** issues and papers of the last 4 years for each targeted journal,
       - select/**read** articles with topics/key words related to ours,
   - 2nd step
       - fill a **table** with a **list of publications** read (see model below)
       - complete a **reading sheet for each** interesting article (see model below),
       - browse reference section of the most interesting papers : lots of new references to find here !
   - 3rd step
        - write a **synthesis** of the whole review (~2p.)

#### Publications table model
> (use Google Sheet or any tool that can be easily shared)
> see example : https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Wr1GqD_euqIlw4p4u1cFSBn0rJpztqdrG2y6bwAl_BA/edit?usp=sharing

- Authors
- Title
- Year
- Type of publication (book, paper, thesis, etc.)
- url to the paper (or DOI)
- Link to the reading form
- Comments about the paper
- Tagwords (4 or 5)
- Relevance rank/5 (1 : probably irrelevant, 3 : Maybe relevant, 5 : Completely relevant/about the same topic)

> (and any other column you'll find relevant : methods, country, type of data, etc.)


#### Reading sheet model (at least 4/5-ranked papers)
> (use Google Slides or Google Doc)
> see example : https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1lyHYz8s26c7y5uVfP--uKA-Te3Dgq2LPZOx2lownmrY/edit?usp=sharing

- Title / Subtitle
- Year
- Authors (name, disciplines, academic institution)
- Abstract of the paper (copy/paste)
- Purpose of the paper
- Method used
- Data used / (short) survey sample description
- Limitations identified by the authors
- 1 or 2 Key figures (maps, charts, diagrammes) (screenshot)
- Main results
- Main interest of the paper
- - Citation* (preferably APA style, but other format are ok, as mentioned at the beginning of each paper, generally below the abstract)

> (*) Sage APA style reference cheat sheet : (p.4-5) https://uk.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/apa_style_november_2019.p

#### Synthesis
As soon as you have a sufficient amount of papers : write a synthesis of the literature review, thematically organized. 
This is not an assignment, this step will help us to identify the potential gaps in the review. 
It shouldn't exceed 2 pages in total (about 3-4 lines per article, max).
