---
# System prepended metadata

title: 如何建立可影響參考專案的套件
tags: [programming, ' MSBuild', ' dotnet', ' pack']

---

---
title: 如何建立可影響參考專案的套件
description:
image: 
tags: programming, MSBuild, dotnet, pack
robots: index, nofollow # [no]index, [no]follow
lang: zh # language
dir: ltr # left to right or right to left
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disqus: hackmd
slideOptions: 
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---
# 如何建立可影響參考專案的套件

## 技術需求
- dotnet core cli

## 相關技術
- msbuild

## 開始囉
### 事前準備
- dotnet cli 或 NuGet Command 
  - 如需要同時進行編譯則需要 相關編譯器
- 想要運行的 MSBuild props 和 targets 及其相關建構好的 dll 等

### 建立封裝的資料夾與專案
- 建立一個新的 Msbuild project (ex: csproj, vsproj, .....etc) 以下會以csproj 作為示範
  - 如果透過dotnet new 來建立則可將期建立的 程式碼移除
- 將準備好的 props, targets 放進資料夾 targets (可改變名稱) 中
- 將分析器相關的檔案放在 analysers\dotnet\\{language} 資料夾下
- 將相關可執行檔 , dll 等放進 tools 中
- 將想放入對方專案的檔案放進 contentFiles 資料夾中 (例如: 原始碼 或 設定檔)

### 建立參考後引動程式的程式碼
- 建立資料夾 build 並建立與專案或資料夾名稱同名的 props 和 targets 兩個檔案
  - MSBuild 會在執行的時候一併加入  
  build/{TargetFramework}/{PackageName}.{props/targets}
- 如有分析器則需於tools資料夾中建立 install.ps1 與 uninstall.ps1 內容請參考[分析器NuGet官方文件]  
(如未建立tools資料夾則須先建立)
  - 分析器相關內容請參考上述連結

### 追加封裝時的專案檔或資料夾結構描述
- 於專案檔中寫入下方語法  
  - Content 標籤為 include的檔案是為Content
  - Include 屬性為 有哪些檔案要視為Content
  - build 路徑 為專案或資料夾中的 build 資料夾 
  - **/\*.\* 路徑 為 globbing pattern 表示 任意資料夾下的任意檔案
  - Pack 標籤為是否要打包
  - PackagePath 標籤為打包時所在的路徑
  - $(TargetFramework) 為打包時的目標框架
  - 以上寫法可能依照sdk 的不同而有所不同
  
```xml
  <ItemGroup>
    <Content Include="build/**/*.*">
      <Pack>true</Pack>
      <PackagePath>build/$(TargetFramework)</PackagePath>
    </Content>
  </ItemGroup>
```
- 可以將 build 改成 targets 或 tools 來將指定的資料夾放入特定的打包時的資料夾中  
對應表如下

| Path  | PackagePath |
|-------|:------:|
| build | build/$(TargetFramework) |
| contentFiles | contentFiles/{cs/vb}/$(TargetFramework)/ |
| tools | tools |
| analysis | analysis/dotnet/{cs/vb} |

- 加上 Version 以控管版本
  - 預設為1.0.0
```xml
  <PropertyGroup>
    <Version>0.1.0</Version>
  </PropertyGroup>
```
- 撰寫封裝資訊 dotnet專案可透過[DotNet專案追加屬性]來追加 nuspec 相關屬性
  - 如果是只有資料夾的部分則僅需要建立 nuspec 檔並撰寫相關內容


### 打包
- 透過上述的流程所建立的專案可直接用 dotnet pack 指令來進行封裝
- NuGet Command 使用 nuget pack 打包即可

## 參考來源
這是我從DotNet Team 所發布的各種包含 magic 的套件拆開來研究
再加上他們的文件整理出來的
.nupkg 檔透過 7zip 解壓縮後就可以看到上述表格提到的結構

## 範例
[Github Repo](https://github.com/dcvsling/msbuild-package-example)  
此連結是我當時研究時所做的部分成品 並稍做修改後的範例
在這個範例中預期要做下面幾件事情:
1. 提供設定檔給參考對象作為預設設定
2. 讓參考對象得以從已經完成大部分的設定檔中修改成為符合他們需求的設定
3. 當參考對象打包時 一並把他所修改後的設定檔再次打包到下一個參考者

所以我做了下面幾件事情
1. 在專案檔中加入上述相關的設定用來打包自己的東西
2. 在做一份我在專案檔中執行的msbuild 以content的方式帶到下一個專案
   並且放在參考專案的build 的位置讓他可以在專案建置時來運行
3. 將我要往下傳的設定檔放進contentFiles中

至於要怎麼做才能讓參考專案執行參考封裝中的 msbuild files
這裡先簡單描述 就是要在 build資料夾下建立 
projectName.props 和 projectName.targets
更詳細的部分可以參考官方文件
或是也許以後有機會在寫相關的文章來研究

## 參考連結
---
- [分析器NuGet官方文件]
- [DotNet專案追加屬性]
- [MSBuild官方文件]

[分析器NuGet官方文件]: https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-tw/nuget/reference/analyzers-conventions#install-and-uninstall-scripts
[DotNet專案追加屬性]: https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-tw/dotnet/core/tools/csproj#nuget-metadata-properties
[MSBuild官方文件]: https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-tw/visualstudio/msbuild/msbuild?view=vs-2019


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    color: #eee !important;
    border-color: #636363 !important;
  }

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  }

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    border: 1px solid #dc3545;
  }

  .select2-container {
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    color: #eee;
  }

  .select2-container-multi .select2-choices .select2-search-field input.select2-active {
    color: #000;
  }

  .select2-drop {
    background: #202020;
    color: #eee;
  }

  .select2-results .select2-no-results,
  .select2-results .select2-searching,
  .select2-results .select2-ajax-error,
  .select2-results .select2-selection-limit {
    background: #202020;
  }

  /* table of contents block*/
  .ui-toc-dropdown {
    width: 42vw;
    max-height: 90vh;
    overflow: auto;
    text-align: inherit;
  }

  /* table of contents text*/
  .ui-toc-dropdown .nav>li>a {
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #ddd;
  }

  /* table of contents text: active*/
  .ui-toc-dropdown .nav>.active:focus>a,
  .ui-toc-dropdown .nav>.active:hover>a,
  .ui-toc-dropdown .nav>.active>a {
    color: #7bf;
    border-left-color: #7bf;
  }

  /* table of contents text: focus, hover*/
  .ui-toc-dropdown .nav>li>a:focus,
  .ui-toc-dropdown .nav>li>a:hover {
    color: #7bf;
    border-left-color: #7bf;
  }

  /* drop down floating table of contents */
  .ui-toc-dropdown.dropdown-menu {
    background: #333;
  }

  .toc-menu a {
    color: #ddd;
  }

  .toc-menu a:focus,
  .toc-menu a:hover {
    color: #7bf;
  }


  /*--------------- editor ---------------*/
  .cm-m-markdown {
    color: #ddd;
  }

  .cm-s-one-dark .cm-header,
  .cm-m-xml.cm-attribute {
    color: #ffa653;
  }

  .cm-s-one-dark .cm-string,
  .cm-s-one-dark .cm-variable-2 {
    color: #7bf;
  }

  .cm-m-markdown.cm-variable-3 {
    color: #ff7e7e;
  }

  .cm-s-one-dark .cm-link {
    color: #b0ee83;
  }

  .cm-s-one-dark .CodeMirror-linenumber {
    color: #666;
  }

  .cm-strong {
    color: #f4511e;
  }

  .cm-s-one-dark .cm-comment {
    color: #a9a9a9;
  }

  .cm-matchhighlight {
    color: #ffea00;
  }

  .cm-positive {
    color: #11bf64;
  }

  .cm-negative {
    color: #ff3e3e;
  }

  .dropdown-menu.CodeMirror-other-cursor {
    border: 2px solid #4d4d4d;
    background-color: #202020;
  }

  .dropdown-menu.CodeMirror-other-cursor li a {
    color: #ececec;
  }

  /*--------------- book mode ---------------*/
  .topbar {
    background: #1e1e1e;
  }

  .btn.focus,
  .btn:focus,
  .btn:hover {
    color: #aaa;
  }

  .summary {
    background: #1e1e1e;
  }

  .summary,
  .toolbar {
    background: #1e1e1e !important;
    border-color: #4d4d4d !important;
  }

  .toolbar i {
    color: #fff;
  }

  .summary h1,
  .summary h2,
  .summary h3 .summary hr {
    color: #ddd;
    border-color: #777 !important;
  }

  .summary .nav>li>a {
    color: #7bf;
  }

  .summary .nav-pills>li.active>a,
  .summary .nav-pills>li.active>a:focus,
  .summary .nav-pills>li.active>a:hover {
    color: #ff9100;
  }

  .ui-summary-search {
    font-size: 16px;
    border: 1px solid #6D6D6D;
    background-color: #333;
    color: #FFF;
  }

  .summary h1,
  .summary h2,
  .summary h3,
  .summary h4,
  .summary h5,
  .summary h6 {
    border-color: #454545;
  }

  /* fix body background color to dark */
  div[class$=container-mask] {
    background: #1e1e1e;
    z-index: 1;
    display: block;
  }

  /* notification */
  .dropdown.ui-notification .ui-notification-label,
  .dropdown.ui-invitee .ui-invitee-label {
    color: #eee;
    border-color: #6a6a6a;
  }

  .ui-notification .dropdown-menu {
    border-top: 1px solid #555;
  }

  /*--------------- help ---------------*/
  .modal-header {
    background-color: #2a2a2a;
  }

  .panel-default {
    border-color: #6d6d6d;
  }

  .panel-default>.panel-heading {
    background-color: #2a2a2a;
    color: #eee;
    border-color: #6d6d6d;
  }

  .panel-body {
    background: #2e2e2e;
  }

  .panel-body a {
    color: #7bf;
  }

  .table>tbody>tr>td,
  .table>tbody>tr>th,
  .table>tfoot>tr>td,
  .table>tfoot>tr>th,
  .table>thead>tr>td,
  .table>thead>tr>th {
    border-color: #6d6d6d;
  }

  /*--------------- comment ---------------*/
  .ui-comment-container .ui-comment-header {
    background-color: #2a2a2a;
    color: #eee;
    border-color: #6d6d6d;
  }

  .ui-comment-container {
    background-color: #2e2e2e;
    border-color: #6d6d6d;
  }

  .ui-comment-container .ui-comments-container .ui-comment .comment-author {
    color: #eee;
  }

  .ui-comment-container .ui-comments-container .ui-comment .timestamp {
    color: #aaa;
  }

  .ui-comment-container .ui-comments-container .ui-comment .comment-content {
    color: #eee;
  }

  .ui-comment-container .ui-comments-container .ui-comment .comment-menu {
    color: #eee;
  }

  .ui-comment-container .ui-comments-container .ui-comment .comment-menu .comment-dropdown-menu {
    background: #222;
    color: #eee;
    border-color: #555;
  }

  .ui-comment-container .ui-comments-container .ui-comment .comment-menu .comment-dropdown-menu>div:hover {
    background-color: #555555;
    color: #eee;
  }

  .ui-comment-container .ui-comments-container .ui-comment .comment-menu:hover,
  .ui-comment-container .ui-comments-container .ui-comment .comment-menu:active,
  .ui-comment-container .ui-comments-container .ui-comment .comment-menu.active {
    background-color: #737373;
    color: #eee;
  }

  .ui-comment-container .ui-comment-input-container {
    background-color: #3c3c3c;
  }

  .ui-comment-container textarea {
    background-color: #3e4045;
    color: #eee;
    border: 1px solid #6d6d6d;
  }

  .ui-comment-container textarea::placeholder,
  .ui-comment-container textarea::-webkit-input-placeholder,
  .ui-comment-container textarea:-moz-placeholder,
  .ui-comment-container textarea::-moz-placeholder,
  .ui-comment-container textarea:-ms-input-placeholder {
    color: #eee;
  }

  @keyframes highlight {
    0% {
      background-color: #3c3c3c;
    }

    30% {
      background-color: #3c3c3c;
    }

    100% {
      background-color: transparent;
    }
  }

  /*--------------- template ---------------*/
  .template-content .modal-header {
    background: #2a2a2a;
  }

  .template-content .close {
    color: #fff;
  }

  .template-content .modal-title {
    color: #eee;
  }

  .template-content .ui-templates-container {
    border-color: #6d6d6d;
  }

  .ui-templates-container .ui-create-template-btn {
    background: #446fab;
    color: #fff;
  }

  .ui-template-list-filter .ui-template-list-filter-label,
  .ui-template-list-filter .ui-template-list-filter-label:hover {
    color: #eee;
  }

  .ui-template-list .list-group-item.active {
    background: #4d4d4d;
  }

  .ui-template-list .list-group-item.active:focus {
    background: #4d4d4d !important;
  }

  .list-group-item.active,
  .list-group-item.active:focus,
  .list-group-item.active:hover {
    color: #eee;
  }

  .ui-template-list .list-group-item .list-group-item-heading {
    color: #eee;
  }

  .ui-template-list .list-group-item.active .list-group-item-heading {
    color: #eee;
  }

  .ui-template-list .list-group-item:hover {
    background: #4d4d4d !important;
  }

  .ui-template-item-menu {
    color: #eee !important;
  }

  .ui-template-list .list-group-item {
    color: #fff;
  }

  .ui-template-list .list-group-item .dropdown-container.open {
    background-color: #2a2a2a;
  }

  .ui-template-list .list-group-item .dropdown-container:hover {
    background-color: #2a2a2a !important;
  }

  .template-menu .more-template {
    border-color: #6d6d6d;
  }

  .template-menu .more-template:hover {
    color: #eee;
    border-color: #6d6d6d;
  }

  /*--------------- code mirror ---------------*/
  .modal-content {
    background: #1f2226;
  }

  .modal-header {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #46484f;
  }

  .modal-footer {
    border-top: 1px solid #46484f;
  }

  a.list-group-item {
    background: #1f2226;
    color: #ddd;
    border: 1px solid #46484f;
  }

  a.list-group-item .list-group-item-heading {
    color: #ddd;
  }

  a.list-group-item:focus,
  a.list-group-item:hover {
    background: #434651;
    color: #ddd;
  }

  button.close {
    color: #ddd;
    opacity: .5;
  }

  .close:focus, .close:hover {
    color: #fff;
    opacity: .8;
  }

  .CodeMirror {
    background: #1f2226;
  }

  .CodeMirror-gutters {
    background: #1f2226;
    border-right: 1px solid rgba(204, 217, 255, 0.1);
  }

  .cm-s-default .cm-comment {
    color: #888;
  }

  .cm-s-default .cm-quote {
    color: #ddd;
  }

  .cm-s-default .cm-header {
    color: #ffa653;
  }

  .cm-s-default .cm-link {
    color: #b0ee83;
  }

  .cm-s-default .cm-string,
  .cm-s-default .cm-variable-2 {
    color: #7bf;
  }

  .cm-s-default .cm-def {
    color: #c678dd;
  }

  .cm-s-default .cm-number,
  .cm-s-default .cm-attribute,
  .cm-s-default .cm-qualifier,
  .cm-s-default .cm-plus,
  .cm-s-default .cm-atom {
    color: #eda35e;
  }

  .cm-s-default .cm-property,
  .cm-s-default .cm-variable,
  .cm-s-default .cm-variable-3,
  .cm-s-default .cm-operator,
  .cm-s-default .cm-bracket {
    color: #f76e79;
  }

  .cm-s-default .cm-keyword,
  .cm-s-default .cm-builtin,
  .cm-s-default .cm-tag {
    color: #98c379;
  }

  .modal-title {
    color: #ccc;
  }

  .modal-body {
    color: #ccc !important;
  }

  div[contenteditable]:empty:not(:focus):before {
    color: #aaa;
  }

  .CodeMirror pre {
    color: #ddd;
  }

  .CodeMirror pre span[style^="background-color: rgb(221, 251, 230)"] {
    background-color: #288c27 !important;
  }

  .CodeMirror pre span[style^="background-color: rgb(249, 215, 220)"] {
    background-color: #a52721 !important;
  }

  /*------- code highlight: Visual Stutdio Code theme for highlight.js -------*/
  .hljs {
    background: #1E1E1E;
    color: #DCDCDC;
  }

  .hljs-keyword,
  .hljs-literal,
  .hljs-symbol,
  .hljs-name {
    color: #569CD6;
  }

  .hljs-link {
    color: #569CD6;
    text-decoration: underline;
  }

  .hljs-built_in,
  .hljs-type {
    color: #4EC9B0;
  }

  .hljs-number,
  .hljs-class {
    color: #B8D7A3;
  }

  .hljs-string,
  .hljs-meta-string {
    color: #D69D85;
  }

  .hljs-regexp,
  .hljs-template-tag {
    color: #d16969;
  }

  .hljs-title {
    color: #dcdcaa;
  }

  .hljs-subst,
  .hljs-function,
  .hljs-formula {
    color: #DCDCDC;
  }

  .hljs-comment,
  .hljs-quote {
    color: #57A64A;
  }

  .hljs-doctag {
    color: #608B4E;
  }

  .hljs-meta,
  .hljs-meta-keyword,
  .hljs-tag {
    color: #9B9B9B;
  }

  .hljs-variable,
  .hljs-template-variable {
    color: #BD63C5;
  }

  .hljs-params,
  .hljs-attr,
  .hljs-attribute,
  .hljs-builtin-name {
    color: #9CDCFE;
  }

  .hljs-section {
    color: gold;
  }

  .hljs-emphasis {
    font-style: italic;
  }

  .hljs-strong {
    font-weight: bold;
  }

  /*
  .hljs-code {
    font-family:'Monospace';
  }
  */

  .hljs-bullet,
  .hljs-selector-tag,
  .hljs-selector-id,
  .hljs-selector-class,
  .hljs-selector-attr,
  .hljs-selector-pseudo {
    color: #D7BA7D;
  }

  .hljs-addition {
    background-color: #155a36;
    color: #dfdfdf;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100%;
  }

  .hljs-deletion {
    background-color: #872e2e;
    color: #dfdfdf;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100%;
  }

  /*---------- code highlight: Visual Stutdio Code theme for Prism.js ----------*/
  code[class*="language-"],
  pre[class*="language-"] {
    color: #DCDCDC;
  }

  :not(pre)>code[class*="language-"],
  pre[class*="language-"] {
    background: #1E1E1E;
  }

  .token.comment,
  .token.block-comment,
  .token.prolog,
  .token.cdata {
    color: #57A64A;
  }

  .token.doctype,
  .token.punctuation {
    color: #9B9B9B;
  }

  .token.tag,
  .token.entity {
    color: #569CD6;
  }

  .token.attr-name,
  .token.namespace,
  .token.deleted,
  .token.property,
  .token.builtin {
    color: #9CDCFE;
  }

  .token.function,
  .token.function-name {
    color: #dcdcaa;
  }

  .token.boolean,
  .token.keyword,
  .token.important {
    color: #569CD6;
  }

  .token.number {
    color: #B8D7A3;
  }

  .token.class-name,
  .token.constant {
    color: #4EC9B0;
  }

  .token.symbol {
    color: #f8c555;
  }

  .token.rule {
    color: #c586c0;
  }

  .token.selector {
    color: #D7BA7D;
  }

  .token.atrule {
    color: #cc99cd;
  }

  .token.string,
  .token.attr-value {
    color: #D69D85;
  }

  .token.char {
    color: #7ec699;
  }

  .token.variable {
    color: #BD63C5;
  }

  .token.regex {
    color: #d16969;
  }

  .token.operator {
    color: #DCDCDC;
    background: transparent;
  }

  .token.url {
    color: #67cdcc;
  }

  .token.important,
  .token.bold {
    font-weight: bold;
  }

  .token.italic {
    font-style: italic;
  }

  .token.entity {
    cursor: help;
  }

  .token.inserted {
    color: green;
  }

  /*---------- code highlight: dark theme for Gist ----------*/
  .gist .gist-file {
    border: 1px solid #555;
  }

  .gist .gist-data {
    background-color: #1e1e1e;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #555;
  }

  .gist .gist-meta {
    background-color: #424a55;
    color: #eee;
  }

  .gist .gist-meta a {
    color: #eee;
  }

  .gist .highlight {
    color: #eee;
    background-color: #1e1e1e;
  }

  .gist .blob-num {
    color: #afafaf;
  }

  .gist .blob-code-inner {
    color: #dfdfdf;
  }

  .pl-mb {
    color: #fff !important;
  }

  .pl-c {
    color: #57A64A !important;
  }

  /* comment */
  .pl-ent {
    color: #569CD6 !important;
  }

  /* entity */
  .pl-e {
    color: #9CDCFE !important;
  }

  .pl-en {
    color: #4EC9B0 !important;
  }

  /* entity attribute */
  .pl-smi {
    color: #9CDCFE !important;
  }

  .pl-k {
    color: #569cd6 !important;
  }

  .pl-c1,
  .pl-s .pl-v {
    color: #4EC9B0 !important;
  }

  .pl-pds,
  .pl-s,
  .pl-s .pl-pse .pl-s1,
  .pl-sr,
  .pl-sr .pl-cce,
  .pl-sr .pl-sra,
  .pl-sr .pl-sre,
  .pl-s .pl-s1 {
    color: #D69D85 !important;
  }

  .pl-s .pl-s1 .pl-pse {
    color: #c5dbff !important;
  }

  /* strings */
  .diff-table .pl-c,
  .diff-table .pl-ent,
  .diff-table .pl-e,
  .diff-table .pl-en,
  .diff-table .pl-pds,
  .diff-table .pl-s,
  .diff-table .pl-s .pl-s1,
  .diff-table .pl-s .pl-pse .pl-s1,
  .diff-table .pl-sr,
  .diff-table .pl-sr .pl-cce,
  .diff-table .pl-sr .pl-sra,
  .diff-table .pl-sr .pl-sre,
  .diff-table .pl-k,
  .diff-table .pl-smi,
  .diff-table .pl-c1,
  .diff-table .pl-v {
    color: #eee !important;
  }
</style>