# INBO CODING CLUB
28 May 2020

Welcome!

## Share your code snippet

If you want to share your code snippet, copy paste your snippet within a section of three backticks (```):

As an **example**:

library(tidyverse)

(*you can copy paste this example and add your code further down*)

## Deelnemers

Name | Challenges
--- | ---
Damiano Oldoni |
Hans Van Calster |
Patrik Oosterlynck|
Dirk Maes |
Salva Fernandez (VLIZ) | **
Ruben Perez Perez |
Britt Lonneville (VLIZ) |*
Pieterjan Verhelst |*
Anja Leyman |***
Karen Cox |**
Joost Vanoverbeke |
Anneleen Rutten |

No yellow sticky notes online. Put your name + " | " and add a "*" each time you solve a challenge.

## Challenge 1

Damiano's solution:

Anja:
for (i in 1:ncol(swiss)){
j <- mean(swiss[,i])
print(j)
}

for (i in 1:ncol(iris)){
j <- typeof(iris[,i])
print(j)
}

for (i in seq_along(iris)){
j <- length(unique(iris[[i]]))
print(j)
}

distr <- c(-10, 0, 10, 100)
for (i in distr){
j <- rnorm(n = 10, mean = i)
print(j)
}

#### Salva's solution (using sapply instead of for loops)

# Compute the mean of every column in swiss.

sapply(swiss, FUN = mean)

# Determine the type of each column in iris.

sapply(iris, FUN = class)

# Compute the number of unique values in each column of iris.

sapply(
  iris, 
  FUN = function(x){length(unique(x))}
)

#Generate 10 random normals (rnorm(n = 10)) from distributions with means of -10, 0, 10, and 100.

means <- c(-10, 0, 10, 100)
rnorm_10 <- function(x){rnorm(10, x)}

sapply(
  means,
  rnorm_10
)

#### Pieterjan's solution on unique values using n_distinct() (from the tidyverse package) instead of unique()

output <- vector("double", ncol(iris)) 

for (i in seq_along(iris)) {
  output[[i]] <- n_distinct(iris[[i]])
}
output

## Challenge 2
### Karen's solution:

years <- seq.int(2010, 2019)

for (year in years) {
year_births_plot <-
births %>%
filter(year == year) %>%
ggplot() +
geom_col(mapping= aes(x = month, y = n_births)) +
ylab("Number of births") +
coord_flip() +
ggtitle(paste0("Number of births", year))
year_births_plot + ggsave(filename = paste0("./n_births_belgium_", year, ".png"), year_births_plot, device = "png")
}

#### Salva's solution:

for (i in unique(births$year)){
  # Define number of the year for the file name and plot title
  year <- as.character(i)

  # Repeat plot
  year_births_plot <-
    births %>%
    filter(year == i) %>%
    ggplot() +
    geom_col(mapping = aes(x = month, y = n_births)) +
    ylab("Number of births") +
    coord_flip() +
    ggtitle(paste0("Number of births - ", year))

  year_births_plot + ggsave(filename = file.path(".","data","20200528", paste0("n_births_belgium_", year, ".png")),
                            year_births_plot,
                            device = "png")

  # Remove year variable from environment
  rm(year)
}

## Intermezzo - Dice game
*Salva*: I have added a bit of interactivity to the game :)

result <- 0
n <- 0

while(result < 10){
  n <- n + 1
  dice <- sample(1:6, size = 2, replace = TRUE)
  result <- sum(dice)
  print(paste0("Game number: ", n, "- Result ", result))
  
  if(result >= 10){
    print("finish!")
  } else{
    question <- readline("Another try? :) Y/N: ")
    
    if(question != "Y" & question != "N"){
      question <- readline("Kan jij dat herhalen? Y/N: ")
    }
    
    if(question == "Y"){
    } else if(question == "N"){
      result <- 10
      print("Ok bye bye!")
    }
  
    }
}

## Challenge 3

### Anja (simpele benadering ...)
#### part 1

yr <- 0    # max. 10 jaar, dan eindigt spel
dead <- FALSE

while(dead == FALSE){
  yr <- yr + 1 # year number
  food <- sample(foods, size = 1)
  enemy <- sample(enemies, size = 1)
  reproduction <- sample(reproductions, size = 1)
  dead <- ifelse((yr == 10 | food == "poison" | enemy != "safe" | reproduction == TRUE), TRUE, dead)
}

txt <- ifelse(reproduction == TRUE, "fox succeeded to reproduce", "fox died before reproducing")
print(txt)

### Joost

fox <- TRUE
offspring <- 0
while(fox) {
  food <- sample(foods, size = 1)
  enemy <- sample(enemies, size = 1)
  reproduction <- sample(reproductions, size = 1)
  if(reproduction)
    offspring <- offspring + 1
  if((food %in% c("starving", "poison")) | !(enemy == "safe"))
    fox <- FALSE
}
offspring

#### part 2

foxes_reproduced <- 0

for (fox in 1:10){
  yr <- 0
  dead <- FALSE
  while(dead == FALSE){
    yr <- yr + 1 # year number
    food <- sample(foods, size = 1)
    enemy <- sample(enemies, size = 1)
    reproduction <- sample(reproductions, size = 1)
    dead <- ifelse((yr == 10 | food == "poison" | enemy != "safe" | reproduction == TRUE), TRUE, dead)
  }
  foxes_reproduced <- ifelse(reproduction == TRUE, foxes_reproduced + 1, foxes_reproduced)
}
print(paste("number of foxes that reproduced is ", foxes_reproduced, sep=""))

### Joost

popsize <- 10
foxes <- rep(TRUE, popsize)
offspring <- rep(0, popsize)
while(any(foxes)) {
  food <- sample(foods, size = popsize)
  enemy <- sample(enemies, size = popsize)
  reproduction <- sample(reproductions, size = popsize)
  offspring[foxes & reproduction] <- offspring[foxes & reproduction] + 1
  foxes[(food %in% c("starving", "poison")) | !(enemy == "safe")] <- FALSE
}
offspring