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# System prepended metadata

title: When 的用法與各種時態的搭配

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# When 的用法與各種時態的搭配

在英文中，"when" 這個詞常被用來引導時間的副詞子句，表達兩個事件發生的時間關係。在這篇文章中，我將逐步解說如何用 "when" 來搭配不同的時態，並以四個常見的動詞作為例子：**have to**、**go**、**call** 和 **arrive**。最後我會提供一個表格，方便你快速查閱各種時態的用法。

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### 1. **現在簡單式 (Present Simple)**
當我們使用現在簡單式時，通常是描述日常習慣或一般事實。這裡的 "when" 句子表示一個持續的情況或重複發生的事件。

#### **例句**：
- **have to**: When I have to work late, I usually order takeout.
  - 當我需要加班時，我通常會點外賣。
- **go**: When she goes to the gym, she always takes a water bottle.
  - 當她去健身房時，她總是帶著一瓶水。
- **call**: When they call me, I usually answer right away.
  - 當他們打電話給我時，我通常會馬上接。
- **arrive**: When the train arrives, we can board immediately.
  - 當火車到達時，我們可以立即上車。

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### 2. **現在進行式 (Present Continuous)**
現在進行式表達正在發生的動作，"when" 句子可以描述一個較短的時間範圍內發生的事情。

#### **例句**：
- **have to**: When I am having to deal with a lot of tasks, I take a break.
  - 當我正在處理很多任務時，我會休息一下。
- **go**: When she is going to the store, she picks up some snacks.
  - 當她正要去商店時，她會順便買點零食。
- **call**: When they are calling me, I am usually busy.
  - 當他們正在打電話給我時，我通常很忙。
- **arrive**: When the guests are arriving, make sure to greet them.
  - 當客人到達時，請確保迎接他們。

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### 3. **過去簡單式 (Past Simple)**
過去簡單式通常用來描述已經發生的事情。當使用 "when" 來引導副詞子句時，表示一個特定時間點或情境。

#### **例句**：
- **have to**: When I had to travel for work, I always missed my family.
  - 當我必須出差時，我總是想念我的家人。
- **go**: When she went to school, she forgot her homework.
  - 當她去學校時，她忘了帶作業。
- **call**: When they called me, I didn't hear the phone.
  - 當他們打電話給我時，我沒聽到電話。
- **arrive**: When the plane arrived, we had already left the airport.
  - 當飛機到達時，我們已經離開了機場。

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### 4. **過去進行式 (Past Continuous)**
過去進行式用來描述過去某個時間點正在進行的動作。這裡的 "when" 表示另一個事件發生時，正在進行的動作。

#### **例句**：
- **have to**: When I was having to manage two projects, I became very stressed.
  - 當我必須同時管理兩個專案時，我壓力很大。
- **go**: When she was going to the library, she met an old friend.
  - 當她正要去圖書館時，她遇到了老朋友。
- **call**: When they were calling, I was having dinner.
  - 當他們打電話時，我正在吃晚餐。
- **arrive**: When the guests were arriving, we were still setting up the table.
  - 當客人到達時，我們還在佈置餐桌。

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### 5. **未來簡單式 (Future Simple)**
未來簡單式用來表達將要發生的事情。當使用 "when" 時，主句使用未來式，從句則使用現在式，表示未來的某個時間點。

#### **例句**：
- **have to**: When I have to finish the project, I will need more time.
  - 當我需要完成這個專案時，我會需要更多的時間。
- **go**: When she goes to New York next week, she will visit the museum.
  - 當她下週去紐約時，她會參觀博物館。
- **call**: When they call me tomorrow, I will give them an update.
  - 當他們明天打電話給我時，我會給他們最新進展。
- **arrive**: When the package arrives, I will open it immediately.
  - 當包裹到達時，我會立刻打開。

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### 6. **未來進行式 (Future Continuous)**
未來進行式用來描述在未來某個時間點將正在進行的動作。

#### **例句**：
- **have to**: When I will be having to work overtime, I won't be available for dinner.
  - 當我必須加班時，我無法參加晚餐。
- **go**: When she will be going to the concert, I will be finishing my assignment.
  - 當她去聽音樂會時，我將在完成我的作業。
- **call**: When they will be calling me tonight, I will be driving.
  - 當他們今晚打電話時，我會在開車。
- **arrive**: When the flight will be arriving, I will still be at work.
  - 當班機到達時，我還會在工作。

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### 7. **現在完成式 (Present Perfect)**
現在完成式用來表達從過去到現在的經驗或已經完成的動作。使用 "when" 時，通常指某件事情在過去某個時間點發生過。

#### **例句**：
- **have to**: When I have had to make tough decisions, I always consult my team.
  - 當我必須做出艱難決策時，我總是諮詢我的團隊。
- **go**: When she has gone to Europe, she has always visited Paris.
  - 當她去歐洲時，她總是去巴黎。
- **call**: When they have called, I have always been busy.
  - 當他們打電話時，我總是很忙。
- **arrive**: When the guests have arrived, we have usually prepared everything.
  - 當客人到達時，我們通常已經準備好了一切。

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### 8. **過去完成式 (Past Perfect)**
過去完成式用來表達在另一個過去的動作之前已經完成的動作。當使用 "when" 時，表示某個事件在另一事件之前發生。

#### **例句**：
- **have to**: When I had had to submit the report, I realized I made a mistake.
  - 當我必須提交報告時，我才發現我犯了錯。
- **go**: When she had gone to bed, the phone rang.
  - 當她已經上床睡覺時，電話響了。
- **call**: When they had called me, I had already left the house.
  - 當他們打電話給我時，我已經離開家了。
- **arrive**: When the train had arrived, we had already missed it.
  - 當火車到達時，我們已經錯過了。

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### 9. **未來完成式 (Future Perfect)**
未來完成式用來表達在未來某個時間點之前已經完成的動作。

#### **例句**：
- **have to**: When I will have to submit the report, I will have already prepared all the data.
  - 當我需要提交報告時，我將已經準備好所有數據。
- **go**: When she will have gone to college, her younger sister will miss her a lot.
  - 當她上大學時，她的妹妹會非常想念她。
- **call**: When they will have called me, I will have finished my meeting.
  - 當他們打電話給我時，我將已經開完會了。
- **arrive**: When the plane will have arrived, I will have already been at the airport for hours.
  - 當飛機到達時，我已經在機場待了好幾個小時。

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### 表格總結

| 時態             | have to                           | go                                  | call                              | arrive                              |
|------------------|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
| 現在簡單式       | When I have to work...            | When she goes to the gym...         | When they call me...              | When the train arrives...           |
| 現在進行式       | When I am having to deal...       | When she is going to the store...   | When they are calling me...       | When the guests are arriving...     |
| 過去簡單式       | When I had to travel...           | When she went to school...          | When they called me...            | When the plane arrived...           |
| 過去進行式       | When I was having to manage...    | When she was going to the library...| When they were calling...         | When the guests were arriving...    |
| 未來簡單式       | When I have to finish...          | When she goes to New York...        | When they call me...              | When the package arrives...         |
| 未來進行式       | When I will be having to work...  | When she will be going to the concert...| When they will be calling...  | When the flight will be arriving... |
| 現在完成式       | When I have had to make...        | When she has gone to Europe...      | When they have called...          | When the guests have arrived...     |
| 過去完成式       | When I had had to submit...       | When she had gone to bed...         | When they had called me...        | When the train had arrived...       |
| 未來完成式       | When I will have to submit...     | When she will have gone to college...| When they will have called...    | When the plane will have arrived... | 

