# Vim 導覽

**quick guide**
> press key `i`. then you can using `arrow key` to move cursor, `backspace` for delete, and `enter` for change line.
> when you done, press key `esc` (escape), and type `:w` for file saving
> typing `:q` to quit editor, or you can type `:wq` for file saving and quit editor.
> `:q!` is stand for force quit.

## mode swtich

digraph {
    node[shape=box]
    
    normal->insert
    normal->visual
    
    insert->normal
    visual->normal
}

## When in Normal mode

switch to normal mode with **esc** or **ctrl + [**

### cursor moving

| key | description |
| ------------- | ------------------------------- |
| gg | move top |
| G (capital g) | move bottom |
| | |
| ctrl + u | move **u**p 12 line |
| ctrl + d | move **d**own 12 line |
| | |
| h | move right with 1 character |
| j | move down 1 line |
| k | move up 1 line |
| l | move left with 1 character |
| | |
| w | jump to next **w**ord |
| e | jump to the **e**nd of a word |
| b | jump to the **b**egin of a word |

### delete

> In fact, all delete operation is cutting

| key | description |
| --------- | ---------------------------- |
| x | cutting one character |
| dd | cutting one line |
| [==n==]dd | cutting ==n== line |
| | |
| dw | cutting one word |
| de | cutting ending of one word |
| db | cutting begining of one word |

p.s. the range of cutting is base on cursor's position

### undo redo

| key | description |
| ------------- | ---------------- |
| u | **u**ndo |
| ctrl + r | **r**edo |
| U (capital u) | |
| [==n==]u | undo ==n== times |

## switch to Insert mode from normal mode

typeing the command below in normal mode to enter to invert mode

| key | description |
| ------------- | ----------------------------- |
| i | **i**nsert before cursor |
| I (capital i) | insert to the begin of a line |
| | |
| a | **a**ppend after cursor |
| A (capital a) | append to the end of a line |
| | |
| o | new line at cursor's down |
| O (capital o) | new line at cursor's up |

## switch to visual mode from normal mode

there has three sub mode in visual mode, typing there of them in normal mode to enter to vitual mode

| key | description |
| ------------- | ----------------- |
| v | visual mode |
| V (capital v) | visual line mode |
| ctrl + v | visual block mode |

| key | description |
| ------------- | ------------------------- |
| y | **y**ank (copy) |
| p | **p**aste after cursor |
| P (captial p) | paste before cursor |
| | |
| r | **r**eplace one character |

## substitute

[Search and replace](https://vim.fandom.com/wiki/Search_and_replace)

## appendix

- [VimIntro](https://flotisable.github.io/VimIntro/index.html#SEC_Contents)
- [Vim Tips Wiki](https://vim.fandom.com/wiki/Vim_Tips_Wiki)
- [vimrc 設定教學](https://wiki.csie.ncku.edu.tw/vim/vimrc)
- [Vim 的操作小技巧](https://kaochenlong.com/2011/12/28/vim-tips.html)
- [Vim 搭配 xxd 指令作為 16 進位編輯器教學](https://blog.gtwang.org/useful-tools/how-to-use-vim-as-a-hex-editor/)