# Selin Ceren Eronat
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> [name=Selin Ceren Eronat]

> [time=Wednesday,3.06.2021 ]

**Dengue Viruses: [Colloquium Series on Integrated Systems Physiology: From Molecule to Function to Disease,2015]**
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# DENGUE VIRUS
Dengue viruses belong to the Flavivirus genus, which is part of the Flaviviridae family. This genus includes a variety of additional viruses that are transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks and are responsible for human illness, in addition to the dengue virus.

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# The structure of Dengue Vırus

The structure of the dengue virus is roughly spherical.The nucleocapsid, a structure made up of the viral DNA and C proteins, is the virus's core. The nucleocapsid is enveloped in a membrane known as the viral envelope, which is a lipid bilayer derived from the host.

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# The Genome of Dengue Vırus
A single strand of RNA represents the genome of the dengue virus. Because it can be effectively translated into proteins, it is known as positive-sense RNA. Viruses have ten genes in their genome.  The genome is first translated into a single lengthy polypeptide, which is then separated into 10 proteins.

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# The Life Cycle of Degue Vırus

When a dengue virus attaches to a human skin cell, the virus begins to replicate. The membrane of the skin cell folds around the virus and produces a pouch that covers around the virus particle after this attachment. An endosome is the name for this capsule. Endosomes are the parts of a cell that take in big molecules and particles from outside the cell for nutrition.

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The dengue virus is able to enter a host cell by hijacking this normal cell process. While staying inside the endosome, the virus enters a host cell and penetrates deeper into the cell. It is secreted into the cytoplasm of the cell.The nucleocapsid opens in the cytoplasm, releasing the viral genome.The viral RNA is released into the cytoplasm during this process.The viral RNA then uses the machinery of the host cell to replicate itself. Ribosomes in the host's rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are used by the virus to translate viral RNA and generate viral polypeptide. The C proteins encapsulate the newly synthesized viral RNA, forming a nucleocapid.The nucleocapsid is enveloped in the ER membrane and surrounded by the M and E proteins so that enters the rough ER. The viral envelope and protective outer layer are produced in this step.The immature viruses find their way through the Golgi apparatus complex, where they grow and then become infectious.

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