# Beyzanur Nükyen - Parvoviruses

> [name=1605A056]

# **Parvoviruses**

---
:::success
# **- General Information**

|Virus Classification |**Name** |
| ----------- | ----------------------- |
|Realm|*Monodnaviria*|
|Kingdom|*Shotokuvirae*|
|Phylum|*Cossaviricota*|
|Class|*Quintoviricetes*|
|Order| *Piccovirales*|
|Family|***Parvoviridae***|

- Family of parvoviridae
- Single-strand DNA
- A small viruse (23–28 nm in diameter)
- Naked icosahedral viruses

:::
---
:::info
## **- Classification of Parvoviruses**

#### Taxonomy
* The viruses are found in most animals, not only in vertebrates but also in invertebrates such as mosquitoes.
* Parvoviruses can be divided into two groups: one that depends on the helper virus *“defective parvovirus”*, and another that does not depend on the helper virus *“autonomous parvovirus”*.

* ***Table:** Classification of Parvoviruses*
Table is taken from ^Human Parvoviruses, Kevin E. Brown, Virus Reference Department, Centre for Infections, Health Protection Agency, London, UK

:::
---

:::danger

## - Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV)

**AAV capsids** (A) A diagram illustrating. (B) Electron microscopic image of AAV particles.

* A small icosahedral capsid (28 nm - T51 symmetry)
* ss-DNA packaged genome (5 kb in length)
* Nonenveloped - Naked
* Defective kind
* Human hosted
:::
---
:::warning
## - Genome Structure of AAV

* It is a *palindrome* sequence, 115 nt in length, and is termed ITR(inverted terminal repeat).
* ITR serves as a primer for **viral DNA replication**.
* AAV capsid particles contain either positive- or negative-strand DNA.
* As the single-strand DNA is converted to double-strand DNA during the viral DNA replication.


---

{%youtube job1rM0v2P4%}
:::
---

:::info
## - Protein-coding of AAV
* RepORF and Cap ORF are the essential ORF encodes.

:::
---
:::success

## - AAV Life Cycle

:::
---
:::danger
# - Life Cycle of Parvovirus

:::
---
:::spoiler
*There is a video that summarised the whole life cycle process of Parvovirus. (There is English subtitle)
{%youtube NhWSLOiWppI%}
:::