# Vitalik talk

# Clip 1
Dialogue: 2,0:00:18.10,0:00:19.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}please welcome on stage Vitalik\N让我们欢迎， Vitalik
Dialogue: 2,0:00:29.06,0:00:30.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}great okay so\N好的
Dialogue: 2,0:00:31.20,0:00:32.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}thank you so much\N谢谢
Dialogue: 2,0:00:32.93,0:00:38.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and today I will be talking about multiproofs\N今天我要讲的是多重证明
Dialogue: 2,0:00:38.86,0:00:43.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so start off, introducing the problem right\N从介绍讲述现有问题开始
Dialogue: 2,0:00:44.00,0:00:44.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so today almost\N如今 几乎
Dialogue: 2,0:00:44.56,0:00:47.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}all rollups are still on what I call training wheels\N所有的 rollup 都仍在我称之为「训练轮」上
Dialogue: 2,0:00:48.30,0:00:49.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there's still，you know\N而且还有
Dialogue: 2,0:00:49.56,0:00:51.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some kind of mechanism that can\N某种机制可以
Dialogue: 2,0:00:52.13,0:00:55.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}basically override the proof and\N直接推翻验算
Dialogue: 2,0:00:55.46,0:00:57.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}could cause whatever outcome it was\N并在 rollup 中导致
Dialogue: 2,0:00:57.13,0:00:57.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}once inside of the rollup\N任何后果
Dialogue: 2,0:00:58.00,0:01:00.50,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if it decides that the code has a bug in it\N如果确定代码中有bug的话
Dialogue: 2,0:01:00.50,0:01:03.57,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right？ like there is some kind of multi sig\N就像有某种多签验证
Dialogue: 2,0:01:03.57,0:01:05.95,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}override governance-y thing\N覆盖治理手段之类的东西
Dialogue: 2,0:01:06.56,0:01:09.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and in pretty much every rollup that exists today\N在今天存在的几乎所有 rollup 中
Dialogue: 2,0:01:09.33,0:01:10.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}with very few examples\N只有少数个例
Dialogue: 2,0:01:11.00,0:01:12.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so you know few of you one is one of them\N你们当中有些人就是其中之一
Dialogue: 2,0:01:12.80,0:01:14.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and I think some of us\N我想我们中的一些人
Dialogue: 2,0:01:14.53,0:01:16.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}StarkWare’s products might be another example\NStarkWare 的产品可能是另一个例子
Dialogue: 2,0:01:16.93,0:01:19.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but with very few exceptions like everything\N但只有极少数例外，比如
Dialogue: 2,0:01:19.73,0:01:21.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is on some kind of training wheel where\N所有东西都在类似于训练轮上
Dialogue: 2,0:01:22.13,0:01:24.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}even though there is some kind of proof system\N即使有某种网络证据机制
Dialogue: 2,0:01:24.90,0:01:26.40,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that is like theoretically there\N理论上是这样的
Dialogue: 2,0:01:26.40,0:01:28.40,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the proof system isn't really in charge，right？\N证明机制并不真正起主导作用，对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:01:28.40,0:01:32.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so there is this a page on L2beat.com\N这是 L2beat.com 上的一个页面
Dialogue: 2,0:01:33.10,0:01:35.90,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}where if you go to the risk analysis tab it shows you\N如果你转到风险分析选项，它会显示
Dialogue: 2,0:01:35.93,0:01:37.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and of the status of some of these right\N以及其中一些的状态是否正确
Dialogue: 2,0:01:37.66,0:01:40.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and for all of these I mean\N我的意思是
Dialogue: 2,0:01:42.20,0:01:43.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some of the\N一些
Dialogue: 2,0:01:44.96,0:01:47.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}proof techniques are either in development\N证明技术不是在发展中
Dialogue: 2,0:01:47.80,0:01:49.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}or they're override-able\N就是它们是可被覆盖的
Dialogue: 2,0:01:49.86,0:01:51.57,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so like you know if\N就像你知道如果
Dialogue: 2,0:01:51.57,0:01:53.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}something is upgradable without a delay\N有些东西可以無延迟地立即升级
Dialogue: 2,0:01:53.80,0:01:55.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that actually means that it's override-able\N这实际上意味着它是可被覆盖的
Dialogue: 2,0:01:56.06,0:01:57.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so it\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:01:57.73,0:02:00.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}basically every rollup that we have today is like\N基本上，我们今天的每个 rollup 都是
Dialogue: 2,0:02:00.33,0:02:02.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}not really actually controlled by code\N实际上不受代码控制
Dialogue: 2,0:02:02.16,0:02:03.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it's like still\N而是像
Dialogue: 2,0:02:03.30,0:02:05.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}ultimately controlled by some kind of\N最终
Dialogue: 2,0:02:06.66,0:02:07.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}group of humans where\N受一群人控制
Dialogue: 2,0:02:08.00,0:02:10.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know you have n of them and m of them can\N你有 n 个人，m 个可以
Dialogue: 2,0:02:10.96,0:02:12.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}ultimately push through whatever they want\N最终实现他们想要的一切
Dialogue: 2,0:02:12.66,0:02:14.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so this is a status quo\N所以这是现状
Dialogue: 2,0:02:15.00,0:02:17.50,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and the question that I want to ask is like\N我想提出的问题是
Dialogue: 2,0:02:17.73,0:02:20.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}how can we actually move beyond the status quo\N我们如何才能真正超越现状
Dialogue: 2,0:02:20.40,0:02:22.20,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like what would it really take to\N什么才可以
Dialogue: 2,0:02:22.46,0:02:23.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}move us to a world where\N把我们带到一个
Dialogue: 2,0:02:24.00,0:02:27.50,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}rollups are actually trustless or trust minimised\Nrollup 实际上是去信任的或信任最小化的
Dialogue: 2,0:02:27.60,0:02:30.90,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and where the fraud proofs and the zk-SNARKs that\N其中欺诈证明和zk SNARK
Dialogue: 2,0:02:31.66,0:02:32.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}extremely smart people are\N非常聪明的人
Dialogue: 2,0:02:32.86,0:02:34.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}have been spending thousands of hours working on\N已经花费了数千小时去建构它们
Dialogue: 2,0:02:34.96,0:02:36.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}actually means something\N实际上是有意义的
Dialogue: 2,0:02:38.06,0:02:42.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}why is almost every rollup using training wheels today\N为什么今天几乎所有的 rollup 都使用「训练轮」
Dialogue: 2,0:02:42.40,0:02:44.00,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the answer is basically code risk\N答案基本上是代码风险
Dialogue: 2,0:02:44.00,0:02:47.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so this is just one random sample from the\N这是一份随机样本来自
Dialogue: 2,0:02:47.30,0:02:48.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}GitHub repo of the\NGitHub 关于
Dialogue: 2,0:02:48.46,0:02:52.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}privacy and scaling explorations teams zkEVM\N隐私和扩容探索团队 zkEVM 的 repo
Dialogue: 2,0:02:52.56,0:02:54.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and if you just like\N如果你只是想
Dialogue: 2,0:02:54.46,0:02:56.59,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}Git clone it and then you go to the circuits repo\N复制它，然后你去源代码分析 repo
Dialogue: 2,0:02:56.60,0:02:57.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then you do like\N然后你会
Dialogue: 2,0:02:57.80,0:02:59.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}find pipes\N找到管道
Dialogue: 2,0:02:59.16,0:03:02.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}a dub t minus l and like you know fancy Linux stuff to\N一个dub t减去l，花哨的 Linux
Dialogue: 2,0:03:02.40,0:03:02.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}figure out\N弄清
Dialogue: 2,0:03:02.80,0:03:04.90,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the total number of lines of code and the whole thing\N代码行的总数和
Dialogue: 2,0:03:04.93,0:03:06.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you get this number 3 4 4 6 9\N你将得到这个数字 3 4 4 6 9
Dialogue: 2,0:03:07.00,0:03:14.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so 34,469 lines of circuit code that is needed\N所以需要 34,469 行源代码
Dialogue: 2,0:03:14.46,0:03:18.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that is in the circuits of the zkEVM\N在 zkEVM 的源代码中
Dialogue: 2,0:03:18.16,0:03:20.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and this doesn't even get into the complexity\N这甚至没有涉及到源代码本身的
Dialogue: 2,0:03:20.50,0:03:22.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}of the circuit compiler itself\N复杂性
Dialogue: 2,0:03:23.60,0:03:26.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there's a basically there's like a lot of black boxes\N基本上有很多黑盒
Dialogue: 2,0:03:26.26,0:03:27.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}demons hiding inside\N和恶魔藏在裡面
Dialogue: 2,0:03:27.70,0:03:30.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know this entire zk circuit\N整个 zk 源代码
Dialogue: 2,0:03:30.50,0:03:33.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}to polynomial verification blah blah blah pipeline right\N多项式验证 等等的 pipeline 中
Dialogue: 2,0:03:33.86,0:03:35.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and it's\N而且它是
Dialogue: 2,0:03:36.36,0:03:37.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}for simple programs\N对于简单程序
Dialogue: 2,0:03:37.70,0:03:39.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it might be possible to make some kind of\N也许可以做一些
Dialogue: 2,0:03:39.56,0:03:41.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some kind of proof that is bug free right\N某种没有 bug 的证明
Dialogue: 2,0:03:42.06,0:03:43.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so if all you want to do is just\N所以如果你想做的只是
Dialogue: 2,0:03:43.46,0:03:45.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}prove that something is a polynomial\N证明某事物是多项式
Dialogue: 2,0:03:45.36,0:03:47.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then well okay fine you know you can prove it\N那好吧 你是可以证明的
Dialogue: 2,0:03:47.30,0:03:49.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you can make ECGs and they're like simple enough\N你可以做 ECG 它们很简单
Dialogue: 2,0:03:49.46,0:03:50.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and it's probably fine right\N而且可能效果还不错 对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:03:50.46,0:03:54.67,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so you know for EIP-4844 we can do\N对于EIP-4844，我们可以这样做
Dialogue: 2,0:03:57.36,0:03:59.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}maybe you know go a step further and\N也许再往前走一步
Dialogue: 2,0:03:59.53,0:04:00.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}start thinking about the\N开始思考
Dialogue: 2,0:04:01.06,0:04:01.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}shuffle proof\N洗牌算法
Dialogue: 2,0:04:01.86,0:04:03.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}in a single secret leader election\N在一次秘密选举中
Dialogue: 2,0:04:03.76,0:04:06.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}okay you know me that looks like it's\N好吧，我看起来
Dialogue: 2,0:04:06.16,0:04:08.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know the circuits are getting a bit more complex\N代码越来越复杂了
Dialogue: 2,0:04:08.20,0:04:10.60,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and it's like you know 10 equations instead of one\N就像 10 个方程而不是單一方程
Dialogue: 2,0:04:10.66,0:04:12.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and it's like maybe on the edge\N就会比较难说
Dialogue: 2,0:04:12.53,0:04:15.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}gets approving an entire EVM and is just crazy right\N想得到整个 EVM 的批准 这简直是疯了
Dialogue: 2,0:04:15.50,0:04:17.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so I think\N所以我认为
Dialogue: 2,0:04:18.20,0:04:20.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}34,469 lines of code\N34,469 行代码
Dialogue: 2,0:04:20.93,0:04:22.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}are just not going to be bug-free\N很长一段时间内
Dialogue: 2,0:04:22.46,0:04:24.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}for quite a long time right\N都会有 bug 的存在
Dialogue: 2,0:04:24.16,0:04:26.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and so the question is well\N所以问题是
Dialogue: 2,0:04:26.30,0:04:28.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if we can't make 34,469\N如果我们做不到 34,469
Dialogue: 2,0:04:28.33,0:04:30.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}lines of code bug-free\N行代码没有bug
Dialogue: 2,0:04:30.06,0:04:32.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then what are we going to do about it right\N那我们该怎么办呢
Dialogue: 2,0:04:32.20,0:04:34.00,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like is there a practical\N比如有实用的
Dialogue: 2,0:04:34.00,0:04:36.20,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}near term and a medium term alternative\N近期和中期替代方案
Dialogue: 2,0:04:36.30,0:04:38.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that actually we can still get us\N可以让我们达到
Dialogue: 2,0:04:38.96,0:04:42.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some degree of trustlessness or trust minimisation\N某种程度的去信任或信任最小化
Dialogue: 2,0:04:44.36,0:04:47.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so one a simple option and I think this is an\N一个简单的选项，我认为这是一个
Dialogue: 2,0:04:47.96,0:04:52.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}chain that a lot of people are gravitating to already\N已经吸引了很多人的一个链
Dialogue: 2,0:04:52.53,0:04:55.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is this idea of a high threshold governance override\N是一种高门槛治理覆盖的想法
Dialogue: 2,0:04:56.00,0:04:57.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so basically\N所以基本上
Dialogue: 2,0:04:57.36,0:04:59.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you have some number of guardians\N你有一些守护者
Dialogue: 2,0:04:59.50,0:05:01.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and you have some high threshold on it\N他们的门槛很高
Dialogue: 2,0:05:01.33,0:05:03.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so here you have a 6 of 8\N这是八分之六
Dialogue: 2,0:05:03.93,0:05:05.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you can make it be a 12 of 15\N你可以把它定为十五分之十二
Dialogue: 2,0:05:06.00,0:05:08.30,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you can make it be 42 of 43\N你可以把它定为四十三分之四十二
Dialogue: 2,0:05:08.80,0:05:11.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know you can make it be 70% of token holders\N你可以让它成为 70% 的代币持有者
Dialogue: 2,0:05:11.26,0:05:11.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like whatever\N不管怎样
Dialogue: 2,0:05:12.26,0:05:14.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you have some kind of high threshold override where\N你有某种高阈值的覆盖，其中
Dialogue: 2,0:05:15.26,0:05:18.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if it's very clear that some kind of bug has happens\N如果很明显发生了某种错误
Dialogue: 2,0:05:18.33,0:05:19.10,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then\N然后
Dialogue: 2,0:05:19.80,0:05:22.10,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the guardians can override it and they can say okay fine\N守护者们可以推翻它，他们可以通过或同意
Dialogue: 2,0:05:24.00,0:05:26.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}here this thing that got accepted by the proving system\N被证明系统接受的东西
Dialogue: 2,0:05:26.13,0:05:27.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is actually an invalid state route\N实际上是无效的状态路由
Dialogue: 2,0:05:27.90,0:05:30.00,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and the governance is going to replace it with some\N区块链治理将被一些
Dialogue: 2,0:05:30.00,0:05:31.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}different state route that it decides as valid\N确定为有效的不同状态路由替代他
Dialogue: 2,0:05:32.13,0:05:32.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but\N但是
Dialogue: 2,0:05:33.40,0:05:35.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}because the threshold is very high\N因为阈值/門檻很高
Dialogue: 2,0:05:36.13,0:05:39.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it's very unlikely that it would be able to actually\N它实际上不太可能
Dialogue: 2,0:05:39.93,0:05:41.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}push through something incorrect\N推过不正确的东西
Dialogue: 2,0:05:41.56,0:05:42.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}because like\N因为
Dialogue: 2,0:05:42.50,0:05:44.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if you want to push through something incorrect\N如果你想通过一些不正确的东西
Dialogue: 2,0:05:44.16,0:05:45.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you would have to actually\N实际上你必须让
Dialogue: 2,0:05:47.16,0:05:50.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}corrupt like 75% of this group of people\N75% 的人腐化
Dialogue: 2,0:05:50.33,0:05:51.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:05:51.70,0:05:52.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}this is one approach right\N这是一个可行的方法
Dialogue: 2,0:05:52.66,0:05:54.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you basically combine a proving system\N你基本上结合了一个证明系统
Dialogue: 2,0:05:54.56,0:05:56.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}with a high threshold override\N具有高阈值超控
Dialogue: 2,0:05:56.50,0:05:57.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then you get like\N然后你就会得到
Dialogue: 2,0:05:57.76,0:05:59.59,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some level of trust minimization\N某种程度的信任最小化
Dialogue: 2,0:05:59.60,0:06:00.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:06:00.96,0:06:05.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know in order for a state route that is correct\N为了让一条以代码角度来看是正确的
Dialogue: 2,0:06:05.53,0:06:07.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}according to the code to pass through\N状态路由去通过
Dialogue: 2,0:06:08.06,0:06:11.20,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you only need 3 of the 8 guardians to be honest\N你只需要 8 个守护者其中的 3 个
Dialogue: 2,0:06:11.55,0:06:12.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but then\N但是然后
Dialogue: 2,0:06:12.30,0:06:14.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}in order for a state route that's incorrect\N为了通过一个
Dialogue: 2,0:06:14.70,0:06:15.30,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}to pass through\N对欺诈证明来说
Dialogue: 2,0:06:15.30,0:06:17.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}according to the fraud proof to pass through\N不正确的状态路由
Dialogue: 2,0:06:17.53,0:06:20.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you would need a 6 of 8 guardians to be dishonest\N你需要 6 个不诚实的守护者
Dialogue: 2,0:06:20.46,0:06:21.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:06:22.10,0:06:25.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you have like some degree of trust minimization and\N你有一定程度的信任最小化
Dialogue: 2,0:06:25.56,0:06:27.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you get to the point where like\N你到了这样一个的地步
Dialogue: 2,0:06:27.50,0:06:29.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the code doesn't have absolute power\N这里代码没有绝对权力
Dialogue: 2,0:06:29.66,0:06:31.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but at least a code means something\N但至少它意味着什么
Dialogue: 2,0:06:31.40,0:06:34.20,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right and so the question is like well\N所以问题是
Dialogue: 2,0:06:34.53,0:06:36.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}how long is it going to take until\N究竟要多长时间
Dialogue: 2,0:06:37.00,0:06:39.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the rollups that are\N令如今的 rollup
Dialogue: 2,0:06:39.33,0:06:41.09,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the rollups that are in this ecosystem\N生态系统中的 rollup
Dialogue: 2,0:06:41.16,0:06:43.02,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}will get to the point where they're comfortable\N将达到它们感到舒适的程度
Dialogue: 2,0:06:43.02,0:06:44.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}at least doing this right\N至少在做一件这样的事
Dialogue: 2,0:06:44.36,0:06:47.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}at least getting to the point where they're not like\N至少到了他们不是
Dialogue: 2,0:06:47.50,0:06:49.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}purely run by\N纯粹由
Dialogue: 2,0:06:49.73,0:06:52.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}a training wheels but where they're actually\N一个「训练轮」来运行，而是
Dialogue: 2,0:06:52.40,0:06:55.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}run by some linear combination of training wheels and\N通过「训练轮」的线性结合以及
Dialogue: 2,0:06:56.00,0:06:58.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}actual code that's an attempt to prove the EVM\N试图证明EVM的实际代码来运行
Dialogue: 2,0:06:59.10,0:07:01.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so this is option one but\N所以这是第一个方案，但是
Dialogue: 2,0:07:01.93,0:07:04.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}option one I think has a couple of weaknesses\N方案一我认为有几个缺点
Dialogue: 2,0:07:04.86,0:07:05.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right\N对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:07:05.36,0:07:08.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so one of those weaknesses is that it still does have\N其中一个弱点是 它仍然存在
Dialogue: 2,0:07:08.90,0:07:11.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some vulnerability to governance\N一些治理漏洞
Dialogue: 2,0:07:11.33,0:07:12.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:07:12.67,0:07:15.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the vulnerability to governance is not that high\N治理的脆弱性没有那么高
Dialogue: 2,0:07:15.90,0:07:19.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but you can totally imagine scenarios where\N但你完全可以想象这样的场景
Dialogue: 2,0:07:19.90,0:07:21.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}what you actually do mess up\N你实际上把事情搞砸了
Dialogue: 2,0:07:21.80,0:07:23.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and enough of the governors actually\N实际上有足够多的网络治理
Dialogue: 2,0:07:23.76,0:07:25.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}do get corrupted at the same time\N同时腐化了
Dialogue: 2,0:07:25.36,0:07:28.59,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and the system does end up like actually yeah\N系统最终确实
Dialogue: 2,0:07:28.70,0:07:30.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know freezing or doing\N瘫痪 或者
Dialogue: 2,0:07:30.53,0:07:31.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}something really bad right\N真的发生一些极端的负面情况
Dialogue: 2,0:07:31.86,0:07:33.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so that's one issue\N所以这是一个问题
Dialogue: 2,0:07:33.96,0:07:36.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}another issue is that I think in general\N另一个问题是 我认为 一般来说
Dialogue: 2,0:07:36.53,0:07:37.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}these kind of like\N这种
Dialogue: 2,0:07:37.66,0:07:40.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}community governance actors there's\N社区治理参与者
Dialogue: 2,0:07:40.70,0:07:41.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there's a lot of\N这些问题中有很多
Dialogue: 2,0:07:41.56,0:07:43.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}kind of complexities involved in issues in them\N复杂的事情
Dialogue: 2,0:07:43.76,0:07:44.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there's you know\N比如有
Dialogue: 2,0:07:44.96,0:07:46.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the social question of like\N社会问题 关于
Dialogue: 2,0:07:46.30,0:07:48.10,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}which one's different groups that people will trust\N大家会信任哪一个群体
Dialogue: 2,0:07:48.10,0:07:49.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the legal question of\N还有法律问题比如
Dialogue: 2,0:07:49.53,0:07:51.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}who is going to be willing to be a governor\N谁愿意当治理者
Dialogue: 2,0:07:51.76,0:07:53.09,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know，what even\N还有
Dialogue: 2,0:07:53.36,0:07:56.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}their risk and responsibilities are just like\N他们存在的风险和责任
Dialogue: 2,0:07:56.86,0:07:58.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}a whole bunch of issues that actually\N一大堆事情都实实在在的
Dialogue: 2,0:07:58.53,0:07:58.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}come up\N发生
Dialogue: 2,0:07:58.90,0:08:01.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}when you try to actually create a set of guardians\N当你试图实际创建一组守护者时
Dialogue: 2,0:08:01.36,0:08:02.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:08:03.06,0:08:05.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}I think option one like\N我认为方案一就是
Dialogue: 2,0:08:05.53,0:08:08.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if you you know if you have to do it then\N如果你必须这样做的话
Dialogue: 2,0:08:08.36,0:08:10.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}I think it's a good idea to do it\N我认为是个好主意
Dialogue: 2,0:08:10.33,0:08:13.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and I think it's definitely an improvement over\N我认为这对比现状来说
Dialogue: 2,0:08:13.16,0:08:14.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the status quo\N绝对是一项改进
Dialogue: 2,0:08:14.06,0:08:14.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}which is basically\N现状基本上是
Dialogue: 2,0:08:14.90,0:08:16.60,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}where you have a governance committee that\N你有一个治理委员会
Dialogue: 2,0:08:16.90,0:08:17.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}generally\N他们一般来说
Dialogue: 2,0:08:17.86,0:08:20.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}can just override the prover and make it and\N可以覆盖 prover 并使其
Dialogue: 2,0:08:21.60,0:08:23.90,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}make it a tell to whatever result it wants\N给出它想要的任何结果
Dialogue: 2,0:08:24.10,0:08:27.10,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but ideally it would be nice if we could have\N但理想的情况是 如果我们有除了这样以外的方法
Dialogue: 2,0:08:27.10,0:08:28.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}something other than this\N会更好
# Clip 2
Dialogue: 2,0:08:30.56,0:08:32.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}option 2 multiprover right\N方案 2 多重验证者
Dialogue: 2,0:08:32.46,0:08:34.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so the idea here\N这个想法
Dialogue: 2,0:08:34.13,0:08:34.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}basically is\N基本上是说
Dialogue: 2,0:08:34.80,0:08:36.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that instead of having a multi sig of people\N比起多重签名
Dialogue: 2,0:08:37.00,0:08:40.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you have a multi sig of different proving systems\N你有不同证明系统的多重签名
Dialogue: 2,0:08:40.76,0:08:44.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so the philosophy behind this should be pretty simple\N这背后的理论很简单
Dialogue: 2,0:08:44.73,0:08:46.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it's a\N它是一个
Dialogue: 2,0:08:47.40,0:08:50.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}Ethereum network to some extent does something similar\N以太网络在某种程度上做了类似的事情
Dialogue: 2,0:08:50.90,0:08:53.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right because we have multiple implementations\N因为我们有以太坊协议的
Dialogue: 2,0:08:53.56,0:08:55.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}of the Ethereum protocol\N多重执行
Dialogue: 2,0:08:55.53,0:08:56.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:08:56.73,0:08:59.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right now I think both Prism and White House have\N现在我想 Prism 和 White House 有着
Dialogue: 2,0:08:59.76,0:09:02.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like somewhere around 1/3 of all the validators\N所有验证器的大约 1/3
Dialogue: 2,0:09:02.36,0:09:04.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and so if either Prism or White House have a bug\N所以如果 Prism 或 White House 有漏洞
Dialogue: 2,0:09:05.00,0:09:06.30,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but the other clients don't\N但其他终端没有
Dialogue: 2,0:09:06.50,0:09:07.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then you know\N那么
Dialogue: 2,0:09:07.36,0:09:08.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the worst case\N最坏的情况就是
Dialogue: 2,0:09:08.13,0:09:10.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is that the chain stops finalising for a few hours\N区块链会停止运作几个小时
Dialogue: 2,0:09:11.50,0:09:12.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then it comes back to normal\N然后又恢复正常
Dialogue: 2,0:09:12.86,0:09:13.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and the\N然后
Dialogue: 2,0:09:13.36,0:09:15.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}average case might even be that the change just\N一般情况下，这种变化可能只是
Dialogue: 2,0:09:15.20,0:09:17.60,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}actually keeps going in realism right\N现实中常发生的
Dialogue: 2,0:09:17.90,0:09:18.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:09:19.66,0:09:22.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}multiple implementations basically\N多重执行 基本上
Dialogue: 2,0:09:22.76,0:09:25.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}allow for a much more resilient network because\N让网络更具适应性 因为
Dialogue: 2,0:09:26.70,0:09:29.60,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if one implementation has a bug in one place then\N如果某个执行点在某个地方有漏洞 那么
Dialogue: 2,0:09:29.76,0:09:31.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}chances are another implementation\N另一个执行点应该不会
Dialogue: 2,0:09:32.06,0:09:34.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}will not have a bug in the exact same place\N在同一个地方出 bug
Dialogue: 2,0:09:34.56,0:09:35.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}especially if\N特别是如果
Dialogue: 2,0:09:35.86,0:09:37.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that other implementation is created by\N其他执行点
Dialogue: 2,0:09:38.06,0:09:39.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}a different team that has a different\N是由不同的团队创建
Dialogue: 2,0:09:39.80,0:09:41.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that has a different philosophy\N有不同的理念
Dialogue: 2,0:09:41.46,0:09:41.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and even\N甚至
Dialogue: 2,0:09:41.96,0:09:44.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}just a fundamentally different architectural strategy\N只是一种根本不同的架构策略
Dialogue: 2,0:09:46.20,0:09:47.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}in this diagram here\N在这个图表中
Dialogue: 2,0:09:47.76,0:09:49.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the judge hammer and the scales of justice\N法官锤和正义的天平
Dialogue: 2,0:09:49.06,0:09:50.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}are meant to\N是要
Dialogue: 2,0:09:50.70,0:09:52.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}represent fraud proofs and arbitration\N代表欺诈证明和仲裁
Dialogue: 2,0:09:53.10,0:09:55.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}as some of you maybe might have already guessed\N也许你们中的一些人已经猜到了
Dialogue: 2,0:09:56.12,0:09:59.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and the spooky looking chip there\N那个看起来怪怪的芯片
Dialogue: 2,0:10:00.30,0:10:04.10,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that Stable Diffusion generated for me 2 days ago is\N那是两天前 Stable Diffusion 为我生成的
Dialogue: 2,0:10:04.26,0:10:05.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}supposed to represent a\N应该代表着
Dialogue: 2,0:10:05.66,0:10:07.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}zero-knowledge proving system\N零知识证明系统
Dialogue: 2,0:10:10.40,0:10:11.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}doing on multi\N在多链上执行
Dialogue: 2,0:10:11.76,0:10:13.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}between a fraud proof and a zk rollup\N欺诈证明和 zk rollup 之间的 multi
Dialogue: 2,0:10:13.93,0:10:15.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is actually a really powerful idea\N实际上是一个非常强大的想法
Dialogue: 2,0:10:15.93,0:10:19.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}because fraud proof based systems and zkEVMs\N因为基于防欺诈的系统和 zkEVM
Dialogue: 2,0:10:19.36,0:10:22.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}are just designed so fundamentally differently to rely on like\N是从根本上来说完全不同的设计 这些设计基于
Dialogue: 2,0:10:22.70,0:10:25.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}such fundamentally different assumptions that like\N根本上不同的假设
Dialogue: 2,0:10:27.30,0:10:28.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like basically\N基本上
Dialogue: 2,0:10:29.13,0:10:30.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the level of correlation\N两者之间的相关性程度
Dialogue: 2,0:10:30.33,0:10:32.59,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}between them is going to be very low right\N会很低 对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:10:32.76,0:10:35.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like basically the only way in which you might have\N基本上 你能找到的
Dialogue: 2,0:10:36.00,0:10:38.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some kind of correlation is that\N它们之间唯一相关的地方是
Dialogue: 2,0:10:39.06,0:10:40.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if we know either there's like\N如果我们知道
Dialogue: 2,0:10:40.50,0:10:42.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some kind of bug or ambiguity in the yellow paper\N在一个黄皮书中或一些特定的地方的
Dialogue: 2,0:10:42.73,0:10:43.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}in a particular place\N一些 bug 或歧义
Dialogue: 2,0:10:43.86,0:10:45.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}or the same people are involved\N或者它们牵涉到相同的人
Dialogue: 2,0:10:45.13,0:10:46.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}or there's like some\N或者有一些
Dialogue: 2,0:10:46.33,0:10:47.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}really clever attack against both of them\N对两者巧妙的攻击
Dialogue: 2,0:10:47.96,0:10:50.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but like the bar to get there is very high right\N但想要做到这样的要求会很高 对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:10:50.90,0:10:52.40,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like you're not just going to get\N你不会无意间
Dialogue: 2,0:10:52.40,0:10:53.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the exact same kind of bug\N就在欺诈证明和 zkEVM 中
Dialogue: 2,0:10:53.66,0:10:55.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}in a fraud prover and the zkEVM by accident\N出現完全一样的 bug
Dialogue: 2,0:10:55.80,0:10:57.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:10:58.00,0:10:59.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then even within fraud provers\N甚至在欺诈证明之间
Dialogue: 2,0:10:59.96,0:11:02.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there's like a bunch of different approaches right\N也有很多不同的途径 对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:11:02.06,0:11:05.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so one approach for example is that you make a\N例如 一种方法是 你做一个
Dialogue: 2,0:11:05.30,0:11:06.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}fresh new\N新的
Dialogue: 2,0:11:06.33,0:11:09.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like basically a new implementation of the EVM\N基本上就像 EVM 的一个新工具
Dialogue: 2,0:11:09.36,0:11:10.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that's designed around proving\N设计出来是为了证明
Dialogue: 2,0:11:11.20,0:11:12.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}computational step\N计算的步骤
Dialogue: 2,0:11:13.25,0:11:16.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}another approach is you compile\N另一种途径是编译
Dialogue: 2,0:11:17.73,0:11:18.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the Geth source code\NGeth 源代码
Dialogue: 2,0:11:19.10,0:11:20.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}into some minimal virtual machine\N进入一些最小的虚拟机
Dialogue: 2,0:11:20.56,0:11:21.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like MIPS for example\N比如说 MIPS
Dialogue: 2,0:11:21.80,0:11:24.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and you then make a minimum a fraud groover for MIPS\N然后你为 MIPS 做一个最低限度的欺诈记录
Dialogue: 2,0:11:24.96,0:11:25.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and you just\N而你只是
Dialogue: 2,0:11:25.80,0:11:28.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}push the entire get code through that\N把整个 Geth 代码推过去
Dialogue: 2,0:11:29.00,0:11:29.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and like\N然后
Dialogue: 2,0:11:30.26,0:11:32.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you just create a fraud prover of MIPS\N你制造了一个 MIPS 欺诈证明
Dialogue: 2,0:11:32.90,0:11:34.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and have everything go that way\N并让一切朝那个方向进行
Dialogue: 2,0:11:35.10,0:11:36.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but instead of Geth\N但比起 Geth
Dialogue: 2,0:11:36.13,0:11:37.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}maybe you could stick Aragon in there\N也许你可以把 Aragon 放进去
Dialogue: 2,0:11:37.66,0:11:39.09,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}or maybe you could stick in other minds\N或者你可以有其他想法
Dialogue: 2,0:11:39.10,0:11:39.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}or maybe\N或者也许
Dialogue: 2,0:11:39.76,0:11:41.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}instead of MIPS you could use some different machine\N你可以用不同的机器代替 MIPS
Dialogue: 2,0:11:41.76,0:11:42.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so there's\N所以有
Dialogue: 2,0:11:43.10,0:11:45.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}a lot of different ways to make a fraud prover\N制造诈骗证据的很多不同方法
Dialogue: 2,0:11:45.20,0:11:47.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there is also different ways to make a zkEVM\N制作zkEVM也有不同的方法
Dialogue: 2,0:11:47.66,0:11:51.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so the PSE zkEVM is kind of a direct compilation\N所以 PSE zkEVM 是一种直接编译
Dialogue: 2,0:11:51.96,0:11:54.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the Polygon Hermez team I believe is doing this\N我相信 Polygon Hermez 团队正在这样做
Dialogue: 2,0:11:55.33,0:11:56.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}clever thing where they\N他们使用了一个较聪明的做法
Dialogue: 2,0:11:57.33,0:11:59.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}first compile the EVM to an intermediate language\N首先将 EVM 编译为中间语言
Dialogue: 2,0:11:59.93,0:12:01.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then proving that intermediate language\N然后证明中间语言
Dialogue: 2,0:12:02.00,0:12:02.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}only takes like\N只需要
Dialogue: 2,0:12:02.86,0:12:06.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}I think about 7,000 lines of code instead of 37,000\N我记得大约有 7,000 行代码 而不是 37,000 行
Dialogue: 2,0:12:07.00,0:12:07.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}or maybe sorry\N或者更少 抱歉
Dialogue: 2,0:12:07.56,0:12:09.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it's like the representation of the EVM\N这就像 EVM 的代表
Dialogue: 2,0:12:09.53,0:12:12.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}in their assembly is what takes 7,000 lines of code\N在他们的程序集中需要 7,000 行代码
Dialogue: 2,0:12:12.06,0:12:12.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:12:13.20,0:12:15.10,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there's different approaches and then there's the\N有不同的方法，然后是
Dialogue: 2,0:12:15.53,0:12:17.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}well there's the zkSync strategy of like\N还有类似的 zkSync 的策略
Dialogue: 2,0:12:17.93,0:12:19.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}just going straight Solidity\N他们直接用 Solidity
Dialogue: 2,0:12:19.76,0:12:22.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so there are different ways to architect these systems\N所以有不同的方法来构建这些系统
Dialogue: 2,0:12:22.76,0:12:24.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and if you have 3 different\N如果你有 3 个
Dialogue: 2,0:12:24.30,0:12:26.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}proving systems that are architectured very differently\N证明体系结构非常不同的系统
Dialogue: 2,0:12:26.86,0:12:29.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then you might have a lot of redundancy\N那么你可能会有很多冗余
Dialogue: 2,0:12:30.36,0:12:32.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so this is another approach\N所以 这是另一种方法
Dialogue: 2,0:12:33.06,0:12:37.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}option 2B more complex variants of the\N选项 2B 是多重证明策略的
Dialogue: 2,0:12:37.53,0:12:38.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}multi prover strategy\N更复杂的一个变体
Dialogue: 2,0:12:38.86,0:12:40.09,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:12:41.30,0:12:45.00,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}one idea is kind of self canceling right\N一种想法是 一种自我取消的权利
Dialogue: 2,0:12:45.00,0:12:46.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so if someone submits\N所以如果有人给一个特定的 prover
Dialogue: 2,0:12:46.80,0:12:49.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}2 conflicting state routes to one particular prover\N提交了两个冲突状态路由
Dialogue: 2,0:12:49.90,0:12:51.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and both state routes pass\N而两条状态路由都通过了
Dialogue: 2,0:12:51.56,0:12:52.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then that prover gets turned off\N那么这个 prover 就会被关掉
Dialogue: 2,0:12:53.00,0:12:56.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right and so the idea here is basically that\N所以 基本上是
Dialogue: 2,0:12:56.93,0:13:00.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if some prover is able to accept multiple state roots\N如果某个 prover 能够接受多个根态
Dialogue: 2,0:13:00.20,0:13:01.00,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then well\N那么
Dialogue: 2,0:13:02.06,0:13:03.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}clearly something is wrong right\N显然有些地方出错
Dialogue: 2,0:13:03.36,0:13:05.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}because it's saying yes to 2 conflicting outputs\N因为它同时通过了两个冲突的输出
Dialogue: 2,0:13:05.56,0:13:07.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and so you shut it off\N所以你会把它关掉
Dialogue: 2,0:13:07.26,0:13:09.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and either you reduce the size of the multi sig\N然后你可能会降低多重签名的大小
Dialogue: 2,0:13:09.56,0:13:10.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}or you replace it with governance\N或者用必须选择不同的 prover 的
Dialogue: 2,0:13:10.93,0:13:12.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that has to choose a different prover\N治理方法取代它
Dialogue: 2,0:13:13.50,0:13:14.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so that's one approach\N这也是一种方法
Dialogue: 2,0:13:15.30,0:13:16.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}another approach is\N还有一种方法是
Dialogue: 2,0:13:16.73,0:13:18.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if no successful message gets passed through\N如果 7 天内 没有信息在某个特定的 prover 那里
Dialogue: 2,0:13:19.00,0:13:19.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}a particular prover\N能成功通过
Dialogue: 2,0:13:19.86,0:13:21.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}for 7 days that prover is turned off\N那这个 prover 会关闭
Dialogue: 2,0:13:21.56,0:13:25.09,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so if the prover is dead locked if the prover is\N如果 prover 是锁死的
Dialogue: 2,0:13:25.70,0:13:28.20,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}being unaccepted\N不被接受的
Dialogue: 2,0:13:28.80,0:13:31.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}even things that are valid then you can shut it off to\N即使他是有效的，你也可以把它关掉
Dialogue: 2,0:13:32.06,0:13:34.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so one of the interesting things about these ideas\N所以关于这些想法的有趣的事情之一是
Dialogue: 2,0:13:34.36,0:13:35.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is that they're actually\N他们实际上
Dialogue: 2,0:13:35.90,0:13:39.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}kind of inspired by a smart contract wallet designs\N受到智能合约钱包设计的启发
Dialogue: 2,0:13:39.06,0:13:42.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so the concept of self canceling that's\N所以自我抵消的概念是
Dialogue: 2,0:13:42.73,0:13:45.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}a very close parallel to\N与保险库的概念
Dialogue: 2,0:13:47.33,0:13:49.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the concept of vaults that\N非常相近
Dialogue: 2,0:13:49.36,0:13:51.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}I think Amen Grinsier and a couple of other people\N这个概念是Amen Grinsier和其他几个人
Dialogue: 2,0:13:52.30,0:13:54.20,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}were like really promoting a few years ago\N几年前推广的
Dialogue: 2,0:13:54.20,0:13:55.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right we're basically\N我们基本上
Dialogue: 2,0:13:55.60,0:13:57.60,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you have a smart contract wallet where\N你有一个智能合约钱包
Dialogue: 2,0:13:57.60,0:13:59.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you can initiate a withdrawal\N你可以启动提款
Dialogue: 2,0:13:59.13,0:14:02.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but then that withdraw takes 24 hours to finish\N但是 提款需要 24 小时才能完成
Dialogue: 2,0:14:02.46,0:14:04.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and before those 24 hours come\N在那 24 小时结束之前
Dialogue: 2,0:14:05.10,0:14:09.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you can that same key can cancel the withdrawal\N你可以用同一把私钥取消取款
Dialogue: 2,0:14:09.36,0:14:12.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so the idea basically is that if you get hacked\N基本上 如果你被黑客攻击
Dialogue: 2,0:14:12.06,0:14:13.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but you still have your key\N但你还有私钥
Dialogue: 2,0:14:13.53,0:14:15.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then you can constantly prevent\N那么你就可以一直阻止
Dialogue: 2,0:14:16.10,0:14:17.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the hacker from actually taking the money\N黑客取走你的钱
Dialogue: 2,0:14:18.16,0:14:21.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then there would be some 3rd override key where\N然后会有第三个超控私钥
Dialogue: 2,0:14:21.20,0:14:23.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like if one key really keeps canceling itself\N如果有一个私钥一直在取消自己的交易
Dialogue: 2,0:14:23.70,0:14:24.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then that 3rd key\N那么第三个私钥
Dialogue: 2,0:14:24.90,0:14:26.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}with like maybe a one week to let you\N大概有一周的时间
Dialogue: 2,0:14:26.46,0:14:27.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}can actually take funds out\N可以提取资金
Dialogue: 2,0:14:27.76,0:14:28.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:14:29.33,0:14:32.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}basically this approach is like that exact same idea\N基本上 这个方法和刚刚说的意思一样
Dialogue: 2,0:14:32.50,0:14:33.90,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}except for a person\N除了
Dialogue: 2,0:14:34.70,0:14:37.00,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}instead of being applied to a personal wallet\N比起应用于使用私人密钥
Dialogue: 2,0:14:37.00,0:14:38.20,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}using private keys\N个人钱包
Dialogue: 2,0:14:38.20,0:14:40.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it applied to a rollup using multiple provers\N它适用于使用多个证明程序的 rollup
Dialogue: 2,0:14:41.10,0:14:43.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then the second idea it's like basically\N然后第二个想法基本上是
Dialogue: 2,0:14:44.40,0:14:46.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it's like social recovery for provers\N这就像 provers 的社会复原
Dialogue: 2,0:14:46.53,0:14:47.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it's like\N就像是
Dialogue: 2,0:14:47.70,0:14:50.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if a prover is clearly not able to do something then\N如果 prover 显然不能做某事 那么
Dialogue: 2,0:14:50.73,0:14:52.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some other mechanism can switch it\N其他机制可以把他替换
Dialogue: 2,0:14:53.10,0:14:53.90,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:14:55.00,0:14:56.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you can actually do some like\N你可以做一些
Dialogue: 2,0:14:56.73,0:15:00.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}surprisingly interesting and clever stuff here\N令人惊讶的和有趣的东西
# Clip 3
Dialogue: 2,0:15:01.36,0:15:04.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so this gets us to a 3rd technique\N所以这让我们来到第三项技术
Dialogue: 2,0:15:04.36,0:15:05.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so this is a\N这是一个
Dialogue: 2,0:15:05.93,0:15:08.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}two-prover governance tiebreak\N 两个证明者治理2/3 机制
Dialogue: 2,0:15:08.70,0:15:09.90,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we're going to make 2 provers\N我们要有两个证明者
Dialogue: 2,0:15:09.90,0:15:11.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and we're going to make them very different\N而两者之间需要有显着差别
Dialogue: 2,0:15:11.73,0:15:13.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so one of them is going to be zk\N其中一个是 zk
Dialogue: 2,0:15:13.46,0:15:16.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and one of them is going to be optimistic\N其中一个是 Optimistic
Dialogue: 2,0:15:17.00,0:15:17.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and\N然后
Dialogue: 2,0:15:18.66,0:15:21.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we have a 2 of 3 mechanism， basically\N基本上 我们有2/3 机制
Dialogue: 2,0:15:21.40,0:15:22.64,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so we have a 2 of 3\N所以我们在 zk, Optimistic 与治理權之间
Dialogue: 2,0:15:22.64,0:15:25.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}between zk and the optimistic and governance\N 建立一个 2 分之 3机制
Dialogue: 2,0:15:25.26,0:15:26.59,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so there's actually\N实际上
Dialogue: 2,0:15:26.60,0:15:28.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}a bunch of different ways to architect this\N 此机制有一系列不同的建构方法
Dialogue: 2,0:15:28.46,0:15:29.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N而
Dialogue: 2,0:15:29.36,0:15:32.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}one of them is the thing that I mentioned on Twitter\N其中之一就是我大约一两个月前
Dialogue: 2,0:15:32.40,0:15:33.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}about a month or two ago\N在推特上提到的事情
Dialogue: 2,0:15:33.90,0:15:35.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}basically the idea\N基本上
Dialogue: 2,0:15:35.60,0:15:36.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}being that\N就是
Dialogue: 2,0:15:36.96,0:15:38.77,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}when you submit a block\N你提交区块后
Dialogue: 2,0:15:38.77,0:15:40.77,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there is a 24 hour time window\N有一个 24 小时的时间窗口
Dialogue: 2,0:15:41.10,0:15:43.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and after that 24 hour time window\N24 小时后
Dialogue: 2,0:15:43.53,0:15:47.59,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if the block gets accepted if there is a SNARK\N如果区块和SNARK被接受
Dialogue: 2,0:15:47.93,0:15:51.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and within that 24 hour time window\N在 24 小时内
Dialogue: 2,0:15:51.93,0:15:54.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if someone opens up a fraud proof\N如果有人启动欺诈证明
Dialogue: 2,0:15:55.06,0:15:56.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then the\N然后
Dialogue: 2,0:15:56.20,0:15:57.41,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}fraud proving game\N欺诈证明
Dialogue: 2,0:15:57.41,0:15:59.41,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and the SNARKing game they both run\N和 SNARK 都会运行
Dialogue: 2,0:15:59.41,0:16:01.10,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then you know if they agree\N如果他们达成共识
Dialogue: 2,0:16:01.16,0:16:05.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then whatever they say is accepted as the result\N那么无论他们的结果如何 都会被接受为结果
Dialogue: 2,0:16:05.70,0:16:07.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then only if they disagree\N只有在他们不同意的情况下
Dialogue: 2,0:16:07.40,0:16:08.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the governance has to come in\N治理架構必须介入
Dialogue: 2,0:16:08.70,0:16:10.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and provide the correct answer\N并提供正确答案
Dialogue: 2,0:16:10.46,0:16:11.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:16:11.86,0:16:13.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if you want to take an approach to\N如果你想
Dialogue: 2,0:16:13.60,0:16:15.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}minimise as the governance's role\N治理的角色尽量最小化
Dialogue: 2,0:16:15.26,0:16:16.59,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and makes the governance be\N并使治理手段成为
Dialogue: 2,0:16:16.70,0:16:18.40,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}a more like emergency thing\N更像是紧急事件时才会用到的方案
Dialogue: 2,0:16:18.53,0:16:20.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then you'd probably want to do that right\N那么你可能想这么做
Dialogue: 2,0:16:20.13,0:16:22.09,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you'd want to create a system where like\N你想创建一个系统
Dialogue: 2,0:16:22.16,0:16:24.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}by default you want to have a kind of 2 of 2\N在默认情况下 你会希望有一种 2/2
Dialogue: 2,0:16:24.93,0:16:26.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}between the optimistic and the fraud\N在 Optimistic 和欺诈之间
Dialogue: 2,0:16:26.76,0:16:29.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and oh sorry between the zk and the fraud\N抱歉 是在 zk 和欺诈之间
Dialogue: 2,0:16:29.66,0:16:31.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and the way you do this is by having a time window\N 你这样做的方法是设定一个时间窗口
Dialogue: 2,0:16:32.13,0:16:34.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and because you have like a 2 of 3 you know\N 因为你有三分之二机制
Dialogue: 2,0:16:34.93,0:16:36.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you can be more aggressive\N 你的设定可以更激烈
Dialogue: 2,0:16:36.20,0:16:38.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}instead of 7 days you can make it 24 hours\N 你可以设定成 24 小时而不是7 天
Dialogue: 2,0:16:38.90,0:16:42.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and you can say for a block to be accepted it has to\N 你可以说要接受一个区块就必须
Dialogue: 2,0:16:42.46,0:16:45.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}both have a SNARK and have a 24 hour window pass\N 两方都有 SNARK 和 24 小时的窗口通行证
Dialogue: 2,0:16:45.66,0:16:47.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}to make sure fraud proof didn't come in\N 以确保欺诈证明不会出现
Dialogue: 2,0:16:47.20,0:16:47.60,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right\N对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:16:47.60,0:16:49.04,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then if they disagree\N然后如果他们不同意
Dialogue: 2,0:16:49.04,0:16:50.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then you do some governance thing\N 你就进行治理介入
Dialogue: 2,0:16:50.66,0:16:53.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but there is\N但是
Dialogue: 2,0:16:53.73,0:16:57.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if you are okay with governance being a kind of\N如果你乐意看到治理
Dialogue: 2,0:16:57.90,0:16:59.30,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}more regularly active\N更经常活跃的话
Dialogue: 2,0:16:59.50,0:17:01.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then there is another approach which is\N还有另一种方法是
Dialogue: 2,0:17:01.50,0:17:03.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}for every state route that gets submitted\N对于每个提交的状态路由
Dialogue: 2,0:17:03.56,0:17:05.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you just let all 3 of these games run\N你都让这三个方法全部运行
Dialogue: 2,0:17:05.93,0:17:09.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then as soon as 2 of these games accept the block\N然后只要这其中有两个接受区块
Dialogue: 2,0:17:09.53,0:17:10.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then that block gets accepted\N然后这个区块就会被接受了
Dialogue: 2,0:17:10.86,0:17:14.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right and so in the happy case blocks would actually\N所以在顺利的情况下 区块实际上会
Dialogue: 2,0:17:14.60,0:17:16.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}succeed basically immediately\N立即成功
Dialogue: 2,0:17:16.13,0:17:18.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right because when you have a block\N因为当你有区块时
Dialogue: 2,0:17:18.40,0:17:21.50,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then a zk proof passes for that block\N然后当 zk 证明通过该区块
Dialogue: 2,0:17:21.53,0:17:23.52,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and the governance accepts a block\N治理接受区块
Dialogue: 2,0:17:23.90,0:17:26.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and you have a proof and then the block is finalizing\N你有了证明 区块就确定了
Dialogue: 2,0:17:26.56,0:17:27.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}within less than an hour\N不到一小时
Dialogue: 2,0:17:29.10,0:17:31.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}basically your only limit is going to be\N基本上你唯一的限制是
Dialogue: 2,0:17:31.76,0:17:33.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}how quickly you\N你生成 zk-SNARK 的速度
Dialogue: 2,0:17:33.53,0:17:34.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}can make zk-SNARKs\N有多快
Dialogue: 2,0:17:35.10,0:17:36.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}now right now it's\N现在是
Dialogue: 2,0:17:36.26,0:17:38.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it looks like zk proving EVM blocks\N看起来 zk 证明 EVM 区块
Dialogue: 2,0:17:38.53,0:17:40.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is like somewhere in the hours\N需要几个小时
Dialogue: 2,0:17:40.66,0:17:40.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(115,115)}but you know\N但是
Dialogue: 2,0:17:40.90,0:17:43.60,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}in the future I have a lot of faith on you guys\N将来我对你们很有信心
Dialogue: 2,0:17:43.60,0:17:44.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the technology will improve\N这项技术将得到改进
Dialogue: 2,0:17:44.66,0:17:45.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and you know we're gonna get\N我们会
Dialogue: 2,0:17:46.06,0:17:48.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}zk-SNARKs on in that 12 seconds right\N在 12 秒内完成 zk-SNARKs 对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:17:49.50,0:17:50.90,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right okay\N对的
Dialogue: 2,0:17:51.26,0:17:53.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so like there's different options right\N就像有不同的选择一样
Dialogue: 2,0:17:53.40,0:17:54.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is basically what I'm saying\N基本上就是我要说的
Dialogue: 2,0:17:54.53,0:17:55.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there's like this\N就像
Dialogue: 2,0:17:55.96,0:17:56.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}large\N很多
Dialogue: 2,0:17:56.66,0:17:59.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}design space of different options that you can choose\N可以选择的不同选项的设计空间
Dialogue: 2,0:17:59.56,0:18:01.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}different trade offs that you can take\N你可以采取不同的权衡
Dialogue: 2,0:18:01.80,0:18:02.60,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}different\N不同的
Dialogue: 2,0:18:03.36,0:18:04.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}depending on like\N视情况而定
Dialogue: 2,0:18:04.50,0:18:05.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}how much you value speed\N你有多重视速度
Dialogue: 2,0:18:05.96,0:18:07.54,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}versus how much you value minimising\N与您对治理的作用
Dialogue: 2,0:18:07.54,0:18:08.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the role of the governance\N的重视程度
Dialogue: 2,0:18:08.96,0:18:09.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and you know versus\N以及
Dialogue: 2,0:18:10.20,0:18:11.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}a bunch of other considerations\N其他一些考虑因素
Dialogue: 2,0:18:11.80,0:18:13.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there is like a lot of options that you can make\N你可以做出很多选择
Dialogue: 2,0:18:13.93,0:18:16.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and it's probably worth thinking really\N也许真的值得考虑
Dialogue: 2,0:18:17.30,0:18:19.60,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}deeply through these different options and\N通过这些不同的选择
Dialogue: 2,0:18:20.00,0:18:21.30,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}figuring out which\N找出哪些方案
Dialogue: 2,0:18:22.13,0:18:24.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}one of these actually right\N实际上是正确的
Dialogue: 2,0:18:24.96,0:18:27.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so advantages of this approach right\N所以这种方法的优点是
Dialogue: 2,0:18:27.46,0:18:29.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is that like it actually combines all of the\N是它实际上结合了所有
Dialogue: 2,0:18:29.86,0:18:31.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}advantages together\N共同优势
Dialogue: 2,0:18:31.46,0:18:33.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so like for this approach\N对于这种方法来说
Dialogue: 2,0:18:33.30,0:18:34.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you don't have to trust the governance\N你不必相信治理方
Dialogue: 2,0:18:34.80,0:18:37.90,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}because even if the governance is completely evil\N因为即使治理是完全有害的
Dialogue: 2,0:18:37.90,0:18:39.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}even if 7 of 7 get corrupted\N即使 7 个中的 7 个被破坏
Dialogue: 2,0:18:39.70,0:18:42.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it can't contradict the provers if the provers agree\N如果证明者同意 它就不会与证明者相矛盾
Dialogue: 2,0:18:43.33,0:18:44.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and you're protected from a bug\N而且你会免受在两个证明者之中的
Dialogue: 2,0:18:44.93,0:18:46.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}in either one of the 2 provers\N任何一方的 bug 所困扰
Dialogue: 2,0:18:46.86,0:18:48.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and ideally\N在理想情况下
Dialogue: 2,0:18:48.73,0:18:51.50,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if the provers have a very different construction\N如果证明者有非常不同的结构
Dialogue: 2,0:18:51.56,0:18:52.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then the chance of the two having\N那么它们出现
Dialogue: 2,0:18:52.90,0:18:55.00,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}simultaneous bugs is going to be\N连续性错误的机会是
Dialogue: 2,0:18:55.40,0:18:56.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}very tiny\N非常小的
Dialogue: 2,0:18:56.56,0:18:59.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so that's the advantage of this kind of design\N这就是这种设计的优点
Dialogue: 2,0:19:00.76,0:19:01.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}one other\N
Dialogue: 2,0:19:01.53,0:19:03.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}interesting thing that's worth talking about here is like\N这里值得讨论的有趣的事情是
Dialogue: 2,0:19:04.66,0:19:08.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}what does the code look like for the multi aggregator\N多聚合器的代码是什么样子的
Dialogue: 2,0:19:08.16,0:19:10.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right because like\N因为
Dialogue: 2,0:19:11.40,0:19:13.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the goal of this is to try to minimise\N这样做的目的是尽量减少
Dialogue: 2,0:19:13.33,0:19:15.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the number of lines of code that you have to like\N你必须证明是正确的代码行数
Dialogue: 2,0:19:15.40,0:19:17.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}certify yes this is definitely bug free\N证明它们绝对没有 bug
Dialogue: 2,0:19:17.80,0:19:18.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and if it's not bug free\N如果有 bug 的话
Dialogue: 2,0:19:18.86,0:19:20.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}people are going to lose 11 and 1/2 billion dollars\N人们将损失上百亿美元
Dialogue: 2,0:19:20.96,0:19:22.09,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:19:22.26,0:19:22.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you want like\N你想要
Dialogue: 2,0:19:22.86,0:19:26.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you don't want that to be 34,469 lines of code\N你不希望那是 34,469 行代码
Dialogue: 2,0:19:26.46,0:19:29.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but like maybe it has to be a hundred lines of code\N可能那是 100 行代码
Dialogue: 2,0:19:29.06,0:19:30.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}maybe it has to be 200\N也许要有 200 行
Dialogue: 2,0:19:30.66,0:19:32.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you want to like minimise that as much as possible\N你希望尽可能减少来正式证明的
Dialogue: 2,0:19:32.76,0:19:34.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}formally prove that as much as possible\N代码行数
Dialogue: 2,0:19:34.76,0:19:37.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}coordinate on using the same code\N尽量使用相同的代码
Dialogue: 2,0:19:37.46,0:19:38.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}as much as possible\N来协调
Dialogue: 2,0:19:38.90,0:19:40.40,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so the other approach\N所以另一个方法
Dialogue: 2,0:19:40.60,0:19:41.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that's like\N就是
Dialogue: 2,0:19:41.96,0:19:44.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}how we minimise like the multi aggregators themselves\N我们如何像多重聚集本身一样最小化
Dialogue: 2,0:19:44.46,0:19:47.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right there's a lot of different abilities\N没错 有很多不同的能力
Dialogue: 2,0:19:47.26,0:19:48.75,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}one interesting one is\N其中一个有趣的是
Dialogue: 2,0:19:48.75,0:19:50.21,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that you just literally use a Gnosis Safe wallet\N你真的只需要用一个 Gnosis Safe 钱包
Dialogue: 2,0:19:50.26,0:19:51.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right\N对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:19:51.16,0:19:52.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like you just literally\N就像
Dialogue: 2,0:19:52.30,0:19:54.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}throw coins into a Gnosis Safe wallet\N把钱扔进 Gnosis Safe 钱包
Dialogue: 2,0:19:54.80,0:19:57.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}where you have 3 different keys that are owners\N而有 3 个作为拥有者的 不同的密钥
Dialogue: 2,0:19:57.96,0:20:00.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it's just a plain old 2 of 3 Gnosis Safe\N这只是一个普通的老式三分之二 Gnosis Safe 钱包
Dialogue: 2,0:20:00.66,0:20:02.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and the 3 wallets just are\N这三个钱包就是
Dialogue: 2,0:20:02.46,0:20:04.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}one of them is itself a Gnosis Safe\N其中一个本身就是 Gnosis Safe 钱包
Dialogue: 2,0:20:04.96,0:20:06.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}of 4 of 7 guardians\N7名监护人中的4名
Dialogue: 2,0:20:06.80,0:20:09.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}another is an account that pushes through a message\N另一个是如果 SNARK 告诉他推进信息
Dialogue: 2,0:20:10.46,0:20:13.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if a SNARK tells it to push through a message\N它就推进的账号
Dialogue: 2,0:20:13.16,0:20:14.09,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and the third one pushes through a message\N第三个是如果他告诉欺诈证明者推进信息
Dialogue: 2,0:20:14.10,0:20:15.40,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if it tells the fraud prover to push through a message\N他就推进信息的账号
Dialogue: 2,0:20:16.56,0:20:17.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:20:17.90,0:20:19.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}if you do that then like you can even\N如果你那样做 你甚至可以
Dialogue: 2,0:20:19.86,0:20:21.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}reuse existing code\N重用现有的代码
Dialogue: 2,0:20:21.80,0:20:24.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}for the thing that actually does the aggregating\N用于实际进行聚合
Dialogue: 2,0:20:24.06,0:20:25.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}which I think is really cool\N我觉得这很酷
Dialogue: 2,0:20:25.50,0:20:27.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and like I think really does\N我觉得他真的
Dialogue: 2,0:20:27.10,0:20:28.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}reduce the surface area of\N他可以减少
Dialogue: 2,0:20:28.96,0:20:31.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}code that you have to trust unconditionally\N你必须无条件信任的代码
Dialogue: 2,0:20:31.53,0:20:32.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}by quite a bit\N而这些代码还不少
Dialogue: 2,0:20:33.06,0:20:34.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but you know these are all\N但这些都是
Dialogue: 2,0:20:34.53,0:20:38.59,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}also things that are worth thinking about right so\N值得思考的事情
Dialogue: 2,0:20:39.93,0:20:40.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}conclusions here\N结论是
Dialogue: 2,0:20:41.16,0:20:43.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so I think the big one is that\N所以我认为最重要的是
Dialogue: 2,0:20:43.76,0:20:46.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}zkEVM are not going to be bug free for a long time\NzkEVM 在很长一段时间内都不会没有 bug
Dialogue: 2,0:20:46.90,0:20:48.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right and this is\N而这是
Dialogue: 2,0:20:48.86,0:20:50.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}something that's probably worth internalizing\N可能值得去内化和
Dialogue: 2,0:20:50.70,0:20:53.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and accepting right basically\N接受的东西
Dialogue: 2,0:20:53.86,0:20:54.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like\N就像
Dialogue: 2,0:20:55.50,0:20:56.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}what's amazing\N关于 zk 世界
Dialogue: 2,0:20:56.93,0:20:58.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}about the zk space is that\N很好的一个地方是
Dialogue: 2,0:20:58.86,0:21:01.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}I think it's the one part of the crypto space\N我认为这是加密空间的
Dialogue: 2,0:21:01.86,0:21:03.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that actually has exceeded expectations\N实际上超出了预期的一部分
Dialogue: 2,0:21:03.86,0:21:06.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and how fast things are going to come\N而且它到来的速度很快
Dialogue: 2,0:21:06.06,0:21:08.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you got like the merge and it's like oh\N比如说 the merge
Dialogue: 2,0:21:08.20,0:21:09.90,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it's gonna come in 2015\N我们以为它会在 2015 年到来
Dialogue: 2,0:21:09.90,0:21:12.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}oh it's 2017 and then like oops it came in 2022\N然后到了 2017 年 结果它在 2022 年才实现
Dialogue: 2,0:21:13.16,0:21:15.59,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but then we got zkEVMs and it's like oh\N但后来 zkEVM 出现了
Dialogue: 2,0:21:15.60,0:21:17.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}they're gonna come in 2030 maybe 2027\N我们以为它将于 2030 年或 2027 年实现
Dialogue: 2,0:21:17.80,0:21:20.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then like oops we have prototypes in 2012 right\N结果我们在 2022 年就有了原型 对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:21:20.80,0:21:23.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so that's like the good news about zkEVM\N这就像是关于zkEVM的好消息
Dialogue: 2,0:21:23.93,0:21:26.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but the bad news about zkEVM is that I think\N但关于zkEVM的坏消息是 我认为
Dialogue: 2,0:21:26.66,0:21:27.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we're going to have this\N我们会经过
Dialogue: 2,0:21:27.96,0:21:29.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}long period of time during which\N一段很长的时间
Dialogue: 2,0:21:30.30,0:21:33.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}they exist but they're like fairly untested\N这段时间里 它们存在 但它们还没有经过测试
Dialogue: 2,0:21:33.70,0:21:36.40,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we don't know if there is bugs in them\N我们不知道里面是否有漏洞
Dialogue: 2,0:21:36.73,0:21:38.59,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there might be bugs\N在一些证明系统中
Dialogue: 2,0:21:38.86,0:21:40.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}in some proof systems\N可能会有 bug
Dialogue: 2,0:21:40.33,0:21:42.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there might be bugs in compilers and circuit compilers\N编译器和电路编译器中可能存在 bug
Dialogue: 2,0:21:42.56,0:21:43.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there might be bugs in the\N可能 zkEVM 代码本身
Dialogue: 2,0:21:44.20,0:21:45.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}zkEVM code itself\N也有 bug
Dialogue: 2,0:21:46.13,0:21:49.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and so for some number of period of time\N所以在一段时间内
Dialogue: 2,0:21:49.73,0:21:51.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}which I think will easily last\N我认为这段时间將持续
Dialogue: 2,0:21:52.20,0:21:53.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}quite a few years\N好几年
Dialogue: 2,0:21:53.36,0:21:55.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we are going to have these kind of circuits\N我们将有这类源代码
Dialogue: 2,0:21:56.13,0:21:56.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that we\N我们
Dialogue: 2,0:21:56.96,0:22:00.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}trust to a high degree but don't trust completely right\N高度信任他们 但并不完全地信任
Dialogue: 2,0:22:01.46,0:22:03.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the fact that we trust them to a high degree\N我们高度信任他们
Dialogue: 2,0:22:03.73,0:22:05.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}means that we should use them, right\N意味着我们应该使用它们
Dialogue: 2,0:22:05.70,0:22:07.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and it means that we should\N这意味着我们应该
Dialogue: 2,0:22:07.26,0:22:09.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}actually get the benefit from them\N真正从中受益
Dialogue: 2,0:22:09.26,0:22:11.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and not just create systems where we're giving\N而不仅仅是创建我们
Dialogue: 2,0:22:11.46,0:22:12.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}lots of power to a multi sig\N为多重签名提供强大功能的系统
Dialogue: 2,0:22:13.16,0:22:14.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but the fact that they're not perfect\N但事实上它们并不完美
Dialogue: 2,0:22:15.00,0:22:16.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}means that we also have to\N意味着我们也必须
Dialogue: 2,0:22:17.13,0:22:19.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}compensate for the possibility that\N对于他们的缺陷
Dialogue: 2,0:22:19.50,0:22:20.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}something about them actually breaks\N做出一些折衷
Dialogue: 2,0:22:21.16,0:22:21.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so\N所以
Dialogue: 2,0:22:21.90,0:22:23.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}with multiple implementations\N具有多种实现
Dialogue: 2,0:22:23.36,0:22:24.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}with governance backups\N具有治理备份
Dialogue: 2,0:22:24.70,0:22:25.98,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}with multiple implementations\N具有多种实现
Dialogue: 2,0:22:26.00,0:22:27.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and governance backups\N和治理备份
Dialogue: 2,0:22:27.53,0:22:29.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we can minimise the chance\N我们可以把因为 bug
Dialogue: 2,0:22:29.36,0:22:30.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that bugs are going to actually lead\N而导致的灾难性后果的机会率
Dialogue: 2,0:22:30.80,0:22:32.30,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}to catastrophic outcomes\N降到最低
Dialogue: 2,0:22:32.36,0:22:35.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there is a trade off space between security versus bugs\N在安全性和 bug 之间存在一个权衡空间
Dialogue: 2,0:22:36.16,0:22:38.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and security versus bad governance right\N还有安全与不良治理权之间也是
Dialogue: 2,0:22:38.46,0:22:39.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and I think like\N我觉得就像
Dialogue: 2,0:22:39.96,0:22:41.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}till this year\N直到这一年
Dialogue: 2,0:22:41.26,0:22:43.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}everyone's optimising for security against bugs\N每个人都在针对漏洞进行安全优化
Dialogue: 2,0:22:43.90,0:22:45.20,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}which is probably correct\N这可能是正确的
Dialogue: 2,0:22:45.30,0:22:46.30,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}10 years from now\N10年后
Dialogue: 2,0:22:46.30,0:22:48.50,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}I think everyone should be optimising for a\N我认为每个人都应该优化
Dialogue: 2,0:22:48.80,0:22:50.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}security against bad governance\N针对不良治理的系统安全
Dialogue: 2,0:22:50.46,0:22:52.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}which is probably going to be correct then\N这在那个时候可能是正确的
Dialogue: 2,0:22:52.26,0:22:53.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and like\N还有
Dialogue: 2,0:22:53.06,0:22:55.11,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}between now and 10 years from now\N从现在到10年后
Dialogue: 2,0:22:55.11,0:22:56.10,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we should kind of\N 我们应该
Dialogue: 2,0:22:56.10,0:22:58.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}slowly move that slider from the\N将目光从
Dialogue: 2,0:23:00.16,0:23:01.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}kind of trusting governance more\N更多信任治理滑到
Dialogue: 2,0:23:01.66,0:23:02.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}to trusting the code more\N更加信任代码上
Dialogue: 2,0:23:03.10,0:23:05.10,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}as the code becomes more trustworthy\N因为代码变得更加可信任
Dialogue: 2,0:23:06.66,0:23:10.79,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}I think keeping governance involved is a good idea but\N我认为让治理方式参与进来是个好主意
Dialogue: 2,0:23:11.06,0:23:13.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it's also a good idea to keep it\N但只在紧急情况下使用它
Dialogue: 2,0:23:13.70,0:23:15.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}only involved in emergencies\N也是一个好主意
Dialogue: 2,0:23:17.40,0:23:18.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}this is\N这原本是
Dialogue: 2,0:23:18.46,0:23:21.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}intended to be about a kind of talk about Layer 2s\N一个关于 Layer 2 的讲话
Dialogue: 2,0:23:21.30,0:23:22.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but I think one other\N但我认为另一个
Dialogue: 2,0:23:22.90,0:23:25.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}interesting thing that's worth mentioning here is that\N这里值得一提的有趣的事情是
Dialogue: 2,0:23:25.73,0:23:28.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}there's also a Layer 1 angle to this concept of like\N相似的概念也有一个 Layer 1 的角度
Dialogue: 2,0:23:28.53,0:23:29.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}zk multi proving\Nzk 多重证明
Dialogue: 2,0:23:30.26,0:23:32.09,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and the issue here is like\N这里的问题是
Dialogue: 2,0:23:32.30,0:23:34.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we want to use zkEVM's on Layer 1 right\N我们想在 Layer 1 使用 zkEVM，对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:23:34.90,0:23:37.60,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like my vision for\N就像我的愿景一样
Dialogue: 2,0:23:37.73,0:23:39.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the future of running an Ethereum node\N运行以太坊节点的未来
Dialogue: 2,0:23:39.93,0:23:41.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is basically that\N基本上就是
Dialogue: 2,0:23:41.80,0:23:42.77,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you should not need\N你不需要
Dialogue: 2,0:23:42.77,0:23:44.40,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}to have a piece of fancy hardware\N拥有一件昂贵的硬件
Dialogue: 2,0:23:44.40,0:23:45.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you got your phone\N只要一部手机
Dialogue: 2,0:23:45.16,0:23:47.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you should be able to have a full Ethereum node\N你就可以拥有一个完整的以太坊节点
Dialogue: 2,0:23:47.16,0:23:49.29,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}staking $1,000,000 of ether if he wants to\N来质押 100 万美元的以太 如果你想的话
Dialogue: 2,0:23:49.30,0:23:50.20,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}running on a phone\N只在手机上运行
Dialogue: 2,0:23:50.50,0:23:52.20,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and you know you\N然后
Dialogue: 2,0:23:52.60,0:23:54.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}how do you validate an Ethereum block\N你如何验证以太坊区块
Dialogue: 2,0:23:54.33,0:23:55.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you get an Ethereum block\N你会得到一个以太坊的区块
Dialogue: 2,0:23:55.76,0:23:57.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that Ethereum block might contain you know\N那块以太坊可能含有
Dialogue: 2,0:23:57.90,0:23:59.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}3 and 1/2 megabytes of data\N3.5 MB的数据
Dialogue: 2,0:23:59.70,0:24:01.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}okay fine and the SNARK right\N还有 SNARK
Dialogue: 2,0:24:01.96,0:24:03.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}download the 3 and 1/2 megabytes of data\N下载 3.5 MB的数据
Dialogue: 2,0:24:04.13,0:24:06.86,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}hash it, stick the hash into a public parameter\N计算它 把哈希值放到公共参数中
Dialogue: 2,0:24:07.00,0:24:08.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}verify the SNARK, done\N确认 SNARK 已完成
Dialogue: 2,0:24:09.46,0:24:10.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}block is correct\N区块是正确的
Dialogue: 2,0:24:10.90,0:24:12.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like so\N像这样
Dialogue: 2,0:24:12.33,0:24:13.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know\N对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:24:13.53,0:24:16.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}it would be lovely if we could get to the point where\N如果我们能达到
Dialogue: 2,0:24:16.73,0:24:18.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}verifying Ethereum blocks and\N验证以太坊区块和
Dialogue: 2,0:24:18.70,0:24:20.30,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}running a Ethereum full node\N运行 Ethereum 完整节点
Dialogue: 2,0:24:20.33,0:24:22.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is as kind of simple\N像我刚刚说的这么简单
Dialogue: 2,0:24:22.20,0:24:23.00,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and low resource\N耗能低
Dialogue: 2,0:24:23.00,0:24:25.00,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and decentralisation friendly as that\N和去中心化友好的话，那将会很好
Dialogue: 2,0:24:25.30,0:24:27.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but in order to get to that future\N但为了实现那个未来
Dialogue: 2,0:24:27.76,0:24:29.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we need to have a SNARK that can verify everything\N我们需要一个能验证一切的 SNARK
Dialogue: 2,0:24:29.93,0:24:32.19,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right we need to have a zkEVM\N我们需要 zkEVM
Dialogue: 2,0:24:32.30,0:24:34.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and a zk Ethereum consensus layer\Nzk 以太坊共识层
Dialogue: 2,0:24:34.70,0:24:38.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and probably recursive zkzk and like zk everything\N可能还有递归zk zk 一切
Dialogue: 2,0:24:38.20,0:24:39.00,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and\N和
Dialogue: 2,0:24:40.00,0:24:42.00,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we're basically going to have to trust everything\N我们基本上相信一切
Dialogue: 2,0:24:42.00,0:24:43.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}to a bunch of polynomial math\N由一些大学里的一些怪人发明的
Dialogue: 2,0:24:43.46,0:24:46.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some weirdos in universities invented\N一堆多项式数学
Dialogue: 2,0:24:46.56,0:24:48.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}okay not everyone's in university\N好吧，不是每个人都在大学里
Dialogue: 2,0:24:48.13,0:24:50.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}drop-outs contributed a lots of in zk space\N从大学退学的人也为 zk 贡献了很多
Dialogue: 2,0:24:51.30,0:24:51.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know\N的
Dialogue: 2,0:24:51.56,0:24:53.56,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}3 cheers for dropouts who contribute it to these\N为那些为多项式数学做出贡献的辍学者
Dialogue: 2,0:24:54.13,0:24:55.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}polynomials\N多形式
Dialogue: 2,0:24:57.82,0:24:58.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but\N但是
Dialogue: 2,0:24:58.90,0:25:01.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know if we want to actually get there on Layer 1\N如果我们真的想在 Layer 1 到达那目标
Dialogue: 2,0:25:02.00,0:25:02.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then\N然后
Dialogue: 2,0:25:02.36,0:25:04.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we're also going to go through this period of time\N我们也将经历这段时间
Dialogue: 2,0:25:04.76,0:25:05.59,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}where like\N这段时间里
Dialogue: 2,0:25:05.60,0:25:08.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we can't trust one implementation to be infallible\N我们不能相信一个架构是绝对正确的
Dialogue: 2,0:25:08.73,0:25:10.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and so then the question is\N所以问题是
Dialogue: 2,0:25:10.66,0:25:13.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}what would a multiple implementation's vision for\N对于 zkSNARK 在 Layer 1 中
Dialogue: 2,0:25:13.90,0:25:16.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}zk-SNARKs at Layer 1 actually look like\N多重架构的愿景是什么样子
Dialogue: 2,0:25:16.90,0:25:19.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and I think here there's some interesting answers right\N我想这里有一些有趣的答案
Dialogue: 2,0:25:19.66,0:25:22.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so one possibility for this is\N这种情况的一种可能性是
Dialogue: 2,0:25:22.66,0:25:24.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that like okay you know we have different clients\N我们有不同的终端
Dialogue: 2,0:25:25.00,0:25:26.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know we have like\N我们有
Dialogue: 2,0:25:26.10,0:25:29.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}Prism and Geth and White House and like we have\NPrism、Geth、White House等等
Dialogue: 2,0:25:29.40,0:25:32.50,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like 5 execution clients we have 5 consensus clients\N比如 5 个执行终端 5 个共识终端
Dialogue: 2,0:25:32.50,0:25:36.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and maybe we're gonna also have 5 zkEVM engines\N也许我们还会有 5 个 zkEVM 引擎
Dialogue: 2,0:25:36.06,0:25:38.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right and so instead of there being 25\N所以比起有 25 个
Dialogue: 2,0:25:39.06,0:25:39.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}client combinations\N终端组合
Dialogue: 2,0:25:39.96,0:25:42.34,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we're gonna go up to a 125 client combinations\N我们会涨到 125 终端组合
Dialogue: 2,0:25:42.45,0:25:44.20,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}which makes Ethereum 5 times\N这会使得以太坊的安全指数再提升五倍
Dialogue: 2,0:25:44.20,0:25:45.57,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}more than ever since secure\N比以往任何时候都更安全
Dialogue: 2,0:25:46.40,0:25:47.90,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so then\N那么
Dialogue: 2,0:25:48.56,0:25:49.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the question is like okay\N问题是
Dialogue: 2,0:25:49.70,0:25:51.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know somebody creates a block\N有人制造了一个区块
Dialogue: 2,0:25:51.30,0:25:51.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then\N然后
Dialogue: 2,0:25:51.73,0:25:53.89,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the period of peer network is just going to generate a\Npeer network 将会产生一个
Dialogue: 2,0:25:53.90,0:25:55.80,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}proof for a block of each type right\N每种类型区块的证明
Dialogue: 2,0:25:56.00,0:25:57.46,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and like okay you know maybe\N就像好吧，也许
Dialogue: 2,0:25:57.70,0:26:00.30,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you have a node running you know\N有一个节点在运行
Dialogue: 2,0:26:00.46,0:26:04.13,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}zkEVM engine A that created a block but then\NzkEVM 引擎 A 创建了一个区块 但是
Dialogue: 2,0:26:04.30,0:26:05.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}because the data is all in the clear\N因为数据都是清晰的
Dialogue: 2,0:26:05.93,0:26:07.09,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}once it gets out there\N一旦它出来了
Dialogue: 2,0:26:07.13,0:26:08.24,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}someone else can come along\N其他人可以来
Dialogue: 2,0:26:08.24,0:26:09.54,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and they can make a zkSNARK\N其他们可以制作 zkSNARK
Dialogue: 2,0:26:09.54,0:26:12.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}that is compatible with zkEVM engine B\N与 zkEVM 引擎 B 兼容的 zkSNARK
Dialogue: 2,0:26:12.46,0:26:13.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and then people running\N然后在终端运行
Dialogue: 2,0:26:14.06,0:26:14.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}engine b\N引擎 B 的人
Dialogue: 2,0:26:14.50,0:26:16.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}on their clients are going to be able to verify it\N将能够验证它
Dialogue: 2,0:26:16.70,0:26:19.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and so you are going to be able to basically get\N所以你基本上能够
Dialogue: 2,0:26:19.66,0:26:22.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}the same benefits of client diversity but\N得到和终端多元化一样的好处
Dialogue: 2,0:26:22.76,0:26:24.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}in this zkEVM world\N但在这个 zkEVM 世界里
Dialogue: 2,0:26:24.53,0:26:25.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right but\N但是
Dialogue: 2,0:26:26.80,0:26:27.76,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}then the\N然后
Dialogue: 2,0:26:28.76,0:26:30.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}question is like well\N问题是这样的
Dialogue: 2,0:26:30.93,0:26:32.39,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know how do we actually get\N我们实际上是怎么得到的
Dialogue: 2,0:26:32.40,0:26:34.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}how do we actually get there like\N我们怎样才能真正达到 我的意思是
Dialogue: 2,0:26:35.16,0:26:36.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}what is the\N以太坊共识的
Dialogue: 2,0:26:36.33,0:26:37.66,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}first part of the\N第一部分
Dialogue: 2,0:26:37.66,0:26:40.27,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}Ethereum consensus that we actually are going to zk\N让我们来到 zk
Dialogue: 2,0:26:40.27,0:26:42.49,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}isn't actually going to be possible to\N实际上是不可能的
Dialogue: 2,0:26:42.49,0:26:43.92,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}zk prove things quickly enough\N对 zk 的快速证明来说
Dialogue: 2,0:26:43.92,0:26:44.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right\N对吧
Dialogue: 2,0:26:44.53,0:26:46.36,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}you know there's like a lot of these different issues\N有很多不同的问题
Dialogue: 2,0:26:46.36,0:26:49.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but I think realistically like\N但我很现实地认为
Dialogue: 2,0:26:49.96,0:26:52.73,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some kind of multiproving future like that\N像那样的多重证明的未来
Dialogue: 2,0:26:52.76,0:26:55.53,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}and possibly even a hybrid future right possibly even\N甚至可能是混合动力的未来
Dialogue: 2,0:26:55.66,0:26:58.69,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}like we might even see a future where for example\N比如说 我们甚至可能看到这样的未来
Dialogue: 2,0:26:58.73,0:27:00.99,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}all the institutional stakers still run\N所有的大型 staker
Dialogue: 2,0:27:01.10,0:27:04.16,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}still run regular full nodes but some home stakers\N仍然规律的运作完整节点 但有些自由 staker
Dialogue: 2,0:27:04.53,0:27:06.93,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}run a couple of experimental zk provers\N运行几个实验性的 zk 证明者
Dialogue: 2,0:27:07.00,0:27:07.30,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}right look\N看
Dialogue: 2,0:27:07.30,0:27:08.31,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}we might end up going through\N我们可能最终会经历
Dialogue: 2,0:27:08.31,0:27:09.33,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}a couple of those phases\N其中几个阶段
Dialogue: 2,0:27:09.33,0:27:11.06,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}but I do expect that like\N但我确实希望如此
Dialogue: 2,0:27:11.20,0:27:14.40,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}some kind of multi proving and hybrid proving system\N一类多重证明与混合证明系统
Dialogue: 2,0:27:14.40,0:27:16.26,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}is going to be the future on\N也将成为 Layer 1 的未来
Dialogue: 2,0:27:16.40,0:27:18.70,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}Layer 1 as well and not just layer 2\N而不仅仅是 Layer 2
Dialogue: 2,0:27:18.90,0:27:20.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fad(120,120)}so thank you\N谢谢