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# System prepended metadata

title: Postmodernism

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# Postmodernism

 * 'post': **'anti'** and **'post'**- a reflection on modernism
   * 'anti' : 現代性危機
   * 量子力學對物理學的衝擊：湧現理論，混沌理論，分形幾何
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 #
* The term *postmodern* was first used in 1870 (depart from Impressionism);
Compete with modernism in the late 1950s and gained ascendancy over it in the 1960s
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# Postmodernism in Design
Development
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--- **Architecture**

* 《Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture》([Robert Venturi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Venturi),1966)*

>Challenge Mies van der Rohe "Less is more": "**Less is a bore**" 

![](https://i.imgur.com/KyKZAXR.jpg)

>**Claim for richness, ambiguity** 
>
>     "A valid architecture evokes many levels of meaning and combinations of focus
>     ..It must embody the difficult unity of inclusion rather than the easy unity 
>     of exclusion. (Which means) More is not less."

>**後現代主義特徵：文脈主義 隱喻主義 裝飾主義**
>#
* *《Language of Post Architecture》 ([Charles Jencks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Jencks),1977)*
>    **後現代主義建築語言：語義學-隱喻 符號-歷史記憶 對現有文化的尊重 大眾化** 

[![](https://i.imgur.com/mPlJ2sG.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanna_Venturi_House)

#
 --- **Design**
> 
* Sottsass and Memphis Group
>     “設計必須走出工業需要或計畫之下的沈悶機械論，從而步入一個充滿可能性與實際性的寬闊大道。”
>                                                                   --Sottsass 
#
* *《Design Now》 (Fischer,1980)*
> **後現代時期(Post-Modern)的六種派別**（工業產品設計為例）：
>High-tech(?)，
>Trans High-tech, Alchimia & Memphis, 
>Post-Modernism,
>Minimalism, Archetypes, (post-post)



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Post-Modernism in Product Design 
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#
-- exemplified in "**table culrue**", "living environment"
-- 調和豐富與曖昧
-- 歷史主義（“Retro”style）和裝飾主義（Art Deco）的美學立場
*  【Venturi】 combining contrasting attitudes----strata(階級), mind 
> ![](https://i.imgur.com/6Hv8NVg.jpg)

* [【Michael Graves】](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Graves)
less specific; reveal the milky palette of the post-modern colour sense
>![](https://i.imgur.com/IW1Y6hW.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/D9zMKDL.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/gGuYZ8z.jpg)

# 
--對歷史風格(archive)的抽取和拼貼(Pop Art)，並對其進行戲謔、反諷、娛樂性的重述 
* “雅痞（yuppies）哲學”

>     <pl.201 202/ 204 206 208/ 207 209 210>
![](https://i.imgur.com/MFED6mC.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/vSnbTHh.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/Qd8zLlU.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/TKLn4qu.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/POdygKr.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/N22yhmC.jpg)

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Discussion 
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--形式美？
- Difficult to mix and balance ！

>     <pl.211 212 213 215/ 214 216 217>
>    ![](https://i.imgur.com/s36fEKX.jpg) 
>    ![](https://i.imgur.com/BQkEnQM.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/aZ0DqIu.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/ARMsbIk.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/bPCNeL1.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/AAmmnLu.jpg)

-  Is it Superfacial Pluralism ?
#
--新藝術風格、後現代風格、當代異形風格的關係？
>“大自然沒有一條線是直的”-分形幾何- 阿拉伯圖騰；20C 新藝術運動；解構主義、異形建築...
>
![](https://i.imgur.com/rUtI5By.jpg)
 [Casa Batlló](https://www.gooood.cn/mapping-living-architecture-casa-batllo-refik-anadol.htm), [Antoni Gaudí](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%9C%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E9%AB%98%E8%BF%AA)

![](https://i.imgur.com/nhcFzqa.jpg)
[Louvre Abou Dabi](https://www.gooood.cn/louvre-abu-dhabi-a-new-architectural-landmark-by-jean-nouvel.htm), Jean Nouvel

*Frank Gehry and The Bilbao Effect
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