# 109年指定科目考試 英文科補考 重點筆記
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> 1. 因為我不是英文老師，所以這份文件**不能算是真正的詳解**，只能當作重點筆記服用，如果有發現任何錯誤，請直接在這個文件的留言區指正，感激不盡
> 2. 我這份試卷的選擇題分數是69分（總分72分），寫錯第18題和第39題
> 3. 這份英文題本我寫起來的感覺是挺平穩的，閱讀的題型沒有讓人有眼前一亮的感覺，不過這份試題裡面有一些文章的題材很有趣，大家寫題本之餘其實也可以享受一下吸收知識的樂趣XD

### 選擇題答案

### 重點筆記
------
#### ㄧ、詞彙題
==我只有註記我覺得值得注意的單字片語，其他的還是需要各位自己查呦！==

1. On cold winter nights, a bowl of ______ and spicy beef noodle soup is much more popular than any other food served in this restaurant.
( A ) fading
( B ) profiting
**( C ) steaming**
( D ) demanding
> [steam](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/steam) 蒸汽，水蒸氣
> [steaming](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/steaming) 冒蒸汽的；冒水汽的 / a steaming bowl of soup

2. The government official gave some shocking examples to ______ the seriousness of the traffic problem.
**( A ) underline**
( B ) embrace
( C ) induce
( D ) overwhelm
> [underline](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/underline) = to emphasize 強調，突出
> induce 誘使；勸說

3. Jenny lost her parents at the age of five. Despite this ______, she managed to become a leading scholar in computer science.
( A ) complaint
**( B ) misfortune**
( C ) poverty
( D ) retreat
> retreat 有多個含義，詳細請見[Cambridge Dictionary](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/retreat)
>

4. The newspaper apologized for releasing false information that had ______ the public to believe toilet paper was in short supply and caused panic buying.
( A ) confronted
**( B ) misled**
( C ) forecast
( D ) restrained
> [mislead - misled - misled](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/mislead) 誤導
> [confront](https://https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/confront) 面對，面臨；遭遇；直面，正視
> -> confront sb with sth 跟…對質

5. The glass lid of the pot is ______, and the cook can clearly observe how well the food is prepared.
( A ) substantial
( B ) prosperous
**( C ) transparent**
( D ) magnetic

6. Many people ______ Christopher Columbus with the discovery of America, but others question this honor because Native Americans had lived there long before his arrival.
( A ) reward
( B ) quote
( C ) define
**( D ) credit**
> 用法：[credit sb with sth](https://https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/credit-sb-with-sth) 將…歸功於

7. To prevent the spread of disease, we should take the ______ of washing our hands frequently.
( A ) reputation
( B ) destination
( C ) precaution
( D ) motivation
> 用法：take the precaution to V
> take the precaution of N/Ving
> [precaution](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/precaution) 預防，預防措施

8. Sharing profits with employees is an effective way to improve their ______ and thus increase productivity in a company.
( A ) morale
( B ) revival
( C ) perception
( D ) consolation
> [morale](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/morale) （險境或困境下的)士氣，精神面貌
> [perception](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/perception) 見解，觀念，看法
> [consolation](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/consolation) 安慰；慰藉；給人帶來安慰的事物

9. As he pulled out of the parking lot, Mr. Chuang drove so ______ that he hit several vehicles and almost knocked down a small girl.
( A ) disgracefully
( B ) fabulously
( C ) noticeably
( D ) recklessly
> [disgracefully](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E/disgracefully) 可恥地，丟臉地，不光彩地

10. When the culture center was seriously damaged in a fire, all its prescheduled activities came to an ______ halt.
( A ) abrupt
( B ) extinct
( C ) impressive
( D ) optional
> [abrupt](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/abrupt) / sudden and unexpected,**and often unpleasant**
> 用法：come to a halt = make a halt 停止
-----
#### 二、綜合測驗
##### 11~15
“Anne! Jo! I mean, Max!” Mothers often mix up their children’s names, but studies show that moms are not the only ones who make this mistake.==( 11 )== name phenomenon turns out to be very common. Almost everyone sometimes mixes up the names of their family and friends.

The phenomenon is called a “cognitive glitch” by researchers in the field of cognitive science. It is not caused by a bad memory or by aging processes that affect brain functioning. It is simply a result of the way our brain ==( 12 )== those we love.

When our brain is attempting to retrieve a name so that we can say it, it is likely that another name in the same group will come to our lips ==( 13 )== the one we meant to say. That is because in order to find the name we are looking for, we are essentially ==( 14 )== the whole set of names in that group, which includes all our beloved family members. Scientists also report that the category ==(15)== the person belongs (family, close friends, etc.) is far more influential in causing a mix-up than any phonetic similarity between names. Names that sound alike do not usually trigger the mix-up.
Isn’t it great to know that when you call others by the wrong name, it is evidence of your love for them all?

11. ( A ) Forgetful 健忘的
( B ) Complicated 複雜的
**( C ) Scrambled 打亂的**
( D ) Alternative 另類的；可替代的

12. **( A ) classifies 分類**
( B ) defends 防衛
( C ) predicts 預測
( D ) translates 翻譯

13. ( A ) as for 至於
**( B ) instead of 作為…的替代**
( C ) due to (= owing to / because of)
( D ) far beyond 遠遠超過了

14. ( A ) making up 構成、組成 ([構成、組成的各種用法](https://www.storm.mg/lifestyle/547668?page=1)）
( B ) catching on 變得流行；變得受歡迎
( C ) skipping off
**( D ) flipping through 快速瀏覽**
15. ( A ) by whom **( B ) to which** ( C ) in that ( D ) for what
> 此題我是由belong "to" 判斷出！

##### Vocabulary and Phrases
- [ ] turn out to be 結果是...、原來是...
- [ ] cognitive glitch 認知故障
- [ ] [ glitch](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/glitch) 小毛病；小差錯；小故障
- [ ] [retrieve](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/retrieve) 找回；取回；挽回
- [ ] [phonetic ](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E-%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E-%E7%B9%81%E9%AB%94/phonetic)（拼寫系統）表音的，與發音近似的，拼音的

##### 16~20
Astronomers have discovered the darkest alien planet known to exist in the galaxy.

The Jupiter-sized planet, known as TrES-2b, is located in another solar system some 750 million light years away from Earth. Reflecting less than one percent of the sunlight 16 on it, TrES-2b is less reflective than black acrylic paint, and is blacker than coal. The only light that comes from TrES-2b is a faint red glow, ==(17)== the heated coils on an electric stove or a very dim light bulb. Researchers believe this results from its extremely hot atmosphere, which is as high as 1,800°F (980°C), ==(18)== its closeness to its sun—its source of energy.

So how does this planet manage to absorb about 99% of the light it receives from its sun? ==(19)== researchers are not completely sure, they believe it could be because its atmosphere is composed of light-absorbing chemicals like vaporized sodium or even some elements whose existence is not yet known. Although they may never be able to ==(20)== exactly how the planet remains so stealthily hidden, scientists are sure of one thing—there are many more even darker planets out there just waiting to be discovered!

16. ( A ) falls
**( B ) falling**
( C ) fallen
( D ) to fall
> 原句：...the sunlight **++which falls++** on it...

17. ( A ) associated with 和...有關聯
( B ) committed to 投入...
( C ) familiar with 對...很熟悉
**( D ) similar to 和...相似**

18. **( A ) thanks to 幸虧...、託...的福**
( B ) regardless of 不管、不顧、無論
( C ) in addition to 此外、另外、除了
( D ) in terms of 就...而言
>補充：[各種「此外」的用法](https://tw.blog.voicetube.com/archives/27731/%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%B9%AB%E4%BD%A0%E6%95%B4%E7%90%866%E5%80%8B%E9%80%B2%E9%9A%8E%E3%80%8C%E6%AD%A4%E5%A4%96%E3%80%8D/)

19. ( A ) Once
( B ) When
**( C ) While**
( D ) If

20. ( A ) make
( B ) count
( C ) read
**( D ) tell**

##### Vocabulary and Phrases
- [ ] acrylic (n.) 壓克力
- [ ] 順便背化學：==**聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯**== 單體為**甲基丙烯酸甲酯**
- [ ] 其為==同元加成聚合物==
- [ ] 
- [ ] faint (adj.) 微弱的、不清晰的、微小的
- [ ] dim (adj.)昏暗的
- [ ] manage to... 設法做到某事且成功
- [ ] be composed of = consist of = be comprised of = be made up of
- [ ] stealthily 偷偷摸摸地
-----
#### 三、文意選填

Bubble wrap, a sheet of thin plastic filled with air bubbles, is one of the most common packing materials. Before it was invented, people used balled-up newspaper to safeguard items during shipping. But it was messy and didn’t offer that much ==21== . Bubble wrap solved these problems and was a “godsend” for the shipping industry. However, the invention of bubble wrap was actually quite ==22== .

Originally, bubble wrap was created in the late 1950s by two engineers for use as a wallpaper that would appeal to the young postwar generation. They placed two pieces of plastic shower curtain through a heat-sealing machine to create the texture. But the result was ==23== . What turned out was only a plastic sheet with trapped air bubbles in it, far from the material they had intended to produce.

However, the inventors did not totally ==24== their failed product. They found that their invention could have a different use. The air bubbles created excellent cushions to ==25== shock, perfect for packaging and shipping fragile items. To market this invention, the two engineers ==26== a company in 1960 and named their product Bubble Wrap. Meanwhile, IBM, the leading computer maker at the time, needed a safe way of packing their ==27== electronic devices for transit. They found bubble wrap to be the answer to their problem. That opened the door for a lot of other businesses to start using bubble wrap. During the 1970s and 1980s, the company branched into creating more packing products. Bubble wrap has since evolved into different shapes, sizes, and thicknesses for ==28== applications.

Besides using it for shipping, people find great joy in popping those air-filled pockets. Some are even ==29== to doing it—always needing to have just one more pop. Scientific research has found an explanation for this phenomenon: The simple ==30== of popping helps to release muscle tension and take the mind off a stressful situation. From packing material to a therapeutic tool, bubble wrap has come a long way since its original purpose as wallpaper.

##### Answer Choices
( A ) act 動作
( B ) follow 跟隨
( C ) managing 成功做到，順利完成
( D ) disappointing 令人失望的
( E ) protection 保護
( F ) dismiss 摒棄
( G ) delicate 脆弱的
( H ) founded 創立
( I ) expanded 擴展的
( J ) accidental 意外的
( K ) reduce 減少
( L ) addicted 上癮的

##### 解題想法
:::info
我認為這一大題的所有選項基本上都可以很直觀的從語意判讀出答案，沒有模稜兩可的空間，因此就不在此逐題說明
若還是有問題，也歡迎各位直接私訊我或者在這個文件上留言！
:::
##### Vocabulary and Phrases
- [ ] be filled with = be full of
- [ ] intend to 打算、計畫去...
- [ ] the answer **to** the problem
- [ ] ~~explaination~~ expl**an**ation
- [ ] therapeutic 治療的、有療效的、身心健康的
- [ ] come a long way 取得進步、進展

-----
#### 四、篇章結構
Every civilization is built upon rules and regulations. In ancient Egypt, the government was dominated by a single figure, the Pharaoh, who was considered the divine representative of gods on earth. ==31== He was the supreme ruler and owned all of Egypt, the land and all the people who lived there.

==32== There was a hierarchy of rulers and leaders below him who ran different aspects of the government. The primary leader under the Pharaoh was named the vizier. The vizier was the “right-hand man” of the Pharaoh and had a status equivalent to that of a prime minister. ==33== They ruled over an area of land called a nome. A nome was like a state or province.
Other officials that reported to the Pharaoh were the army commander, chief treasurer, and the minister of public works. Since government and religion were inseparable in ancient Egypt, many of the officials were also priests and holy men. This group had a special status above the rest of the citizens, forming a kind of nobility. ==34==

In the several-thousand-year span of Egyptian history, the general method of governing was quite consistent. ==35== The consistency of this governing system is what allowed Egypt to remain a prominent country for such a long time.

##### Answer Choices
* ( A ) Under the vizier were local governors called nomarks.
* ( B ) The Pharaoh, however, could not run the government all by himself.
* ( C ) As a living god, the Pharaoh was given absolute control over his subjects.
* ( D ) Governors of specific pieces of land were sometimes controlled by the vizier.
* ( E ) It only changed when parts of Egypt were invaded or someone overthrew the government.
* ( F ) Together with the Pharaoh, the viziers, and the nomarks, these officials and nobles governed the country.

##### 解題想法
31. 空格後即為該句的進一步說明，因此觀察選項，由absolute control可推論很顯然答案是C
32. 空格後即為該句的進一步說明，描述在法老底下也有各種各樣的統治階層，觀察選項很顯然答案是B，however 在此是與上一段作轉折的作用
33. 由後句They ruled over an area of land called a nome可知文章已經開始介紹nomarks（看字首推斷出），因此該題應接A較合適，作承上啟下的作用
34. 此格放在段落的最後，因此可以猜測應該是總結上述的內容，代入F選項亦合理
35. 該題格對前面的consistent 作進一步的說明，因此顯然E最恰當

##### Vocabulary and Phrases
- [ ] be built upon 建立於...
- [ ] divine 似神的
- [ ] hierarachy 等級制度
-----
#### 五、閱讀測驗

##### ++第36至39題為題組++

*Paragraph 1:Introducing the motivation of the festival and it's influence*
I am thrilled to welcome you to the 20th annual Roger Ebert’s Film Festival, a special event in partnership with the University of Illinois College of Media, the greater Champaign-Urbana community, and movie lovers everywhere. Little did we think, back in 1999, that our experiment in reinventing the film festival—==to make a festival that celebrated overlooked films **[37]**==, formats and genres, and the women and men who made those films—would become a landmark annual event in the life of our community and contribute to the renovation of the remarkable Virginia Theater, our home from the very beginning.

*Paragraph 2:Introducing the central theme of films selection*
In selecting the films for this year, ==Chaz Ebert and I looked to women filmmakers for our inspiration **[38]**==. Fully half of our films are either directed or co-directed by women, and several others have women in powerful producing roles. Films directed or co-directed by women include “13th,” directed by Ava DuVernay, “Belle,” directed by Amma Asante, and “American Splendor,” directed by Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini. And women producers include Lynda Obst and Emma Thomas (“Interstellar”) and Ruth Ann Harnisch and Danielle Renfrew Behrens (“Columbus”).

*Paragraph 3:Talking about the agenda of the festival*
Our opening night film is “The Fugitive,” directed by University of Illinois alumnus Andrew Davis. Our Saturday night film is the classic “The Big Lebowski.” Our guest will be the Hollywood legend Jeff Dowd. And of course The Alloy Orchestra will be back, this year with “A Page of Madness,” the classic Japanese silent film.

*Paragraph 4 & 5: Acknowledgement*
We would like to thank our ==sponsors **[39D]**==, volunteers, ==festival pass holders **[39B]**==,and individual ticket holders for their welcome participation in this endeavor. We look forward to your unwavering support as our festival continues to blossom each spring in central Illinois. We especially want to thank the University of Illinois for their loyal support year after year.

This festival is Roger Ebert’s gift to his hometown, and for that ==we thank him and his wife Chaz **[39A]**==. They continue to be a remarkable team, and it is an honor to work with them.

36. Who is most likely the writer of this passage?
( A ) The President of the University of Illinois.
( B ) A movie critic who is a friend of the Eberts.
**( C ) A member of the Festival’s organizing committee.**
( D ) A journalist who reports stories about the Festival.
37. What was the purpose of reinventing Roger Ebert’s Film Festival in 1999?
( A ) To work closely with the University of Illinois.
( B ) To help restore a building associated with the Festival.
( C ) To establish a signature annual event in the community.
**( D ) To honor people who made films that were not box-office hits.**
38. What is the focus of this year’s film selection?
**( A ) Films produced or directed by women.**
( B ) Hollywood classics and legends.
( C ) Stories featuring female leading roles.
( D ) Diversity in formats and genres.

39. Which of the following is NOT included in the writer’s acknowledgement remarks?
( A ) The founder of Roger Ebert’s Film Festival.
( B ) A student who purchased a pass to the Festival.
**( C ) The producer of the Festival’s award-winning film.**
( D ) A company which provided financial support for the Festival.

##### Vocabulary and Phrases
- [ ] overlooked (adj.) 被忽略的
- [ ] genre (n.)（尤指藝術的）風格，類型，體裁
- [ ] alumnus (n.) 校友
- [ ] unwavering (adj.) 從不動搖的

##### More Information
* [Roger Elbert's wikipedia](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%9D%B0%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9)
* [Elbertfest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebertfest#2018)

----

##### ++第40至43題為題組++
*Paragraph 1: Definition of storm chasing*
Storm chasing is broadly defined as the pursuit of any severe weather condition, ==for reasons ranging from curiosity, adventure, and scientific exploration to media coverage **[41B]**==.

*Paragraph 2: Traits of storm chasing*
Chasing often involves driving thousands of miles in order to witness a relatively short window of time of severe weather. It is not uncommon for a storm chaser to end up empty-handed on any particular day. Most storm chasers are not professional meteorologists, and many chasers devote significant time and effort to learning meteorology, the study of the atmosphere, and the weather forming process. ==The amount of equipment used for storm chasing also varies **[41C]**==. Some prefer a minimalist approach where only basic photographic equipment is taken on a chase, while others use everything from satellite-based tracking systems and live data feeds to vehicle-mounted weather stations and hail guards.

*Paragraph 3:The potential risk of storm chasing*
There are inherent dangers involved in pursuing hazardous weather. These range from lightning and tornadoes to unsafe road conditions and reduced visibility from heavy rain. In some situations, a severe downburst airstream can happen unexpectedly and push automobiles around. ==Tornadoes affect a relatively small area and are predictable enough to be avoided **[41A]**== if a safe distance is maintained. Lightning, however, is an unavoidable hazard. ==“Core punching,” which is storm chasers’ slang for driving through the part of a thunderstorm that has the heaviest rain to collect critical information, is recognized as extremely hazardous **[41D]**(可推知這應該是給少數比較極限的storm chasers去挑戰）==.

*Paragraph 4:The rising of storm chasing nowadays*
Today, interest in storm chasing has surged. Amateurs and YouTube fame seekers with video cameras now race with professionals to see who can get the closest and most dramatic images of churning storms, ==and this is causing a growing safety threat **[42]**==. ==A group of storm-chase veterans has advocated the adoption of a code of ethics emphasizing safety, courtesy, and objectivity. **[43]**== However, many chasers oppose self-policing, as is often the case with people involved in other dangerous leisure activities.

40. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
**( A ) General facts regarding storm chasing.**
( B ) Common equipment used by storm chasers. (It's not a general idea)
( C ) Shared characteristics among storm chasers.
( D ) Meteorological knowledge crucial to storm chasing.

41. According to the passage, which of the following is true about chasing severe weather?
**( A ) The danger of chasing tornadoes can be avoided.**
( B ) Those who chase storms share one common reason.
( C ) There is a standard set of equipment for storm chasing.
( D ) Core punching is a necessary component of storm chasing.

42. What has become a concern after storm chasing gets more popular?
( A ) Weather conditions.
**( B ) Safety issues.**
( C ) Equipment cost.
( D ) Media coverage.

43. What can be inferred from the passage?
( A ) Storm chasing has yet to draw a lot of media attention.
( B ) Most meteorologists have the experience of tornado chasing.
( C ) Codes of ethics are followed in many other adventurous activities.
**( D ) Some veterans believe that rules of conduct can lower the risk of storm chasing.**

##### Vocabulary and Phrases
- [ ] meteorology (n.) 氣象學
- [ ] meteorologist (n.) 氣象學家
- [ ] downburst（n.) 下擊暴流
- [ ] surge （v.) 激增
- [ ] churning (a.) 劇烈攪動的

##### More Information
* [Downburst](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E6%93%8A%E6%9A%B4%E6%B5%81)
* [Storm chasing](ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storm_chasing)

<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/MqZhgs8koYs" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

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##### ++第44至47題為題組++

*Paragraph 1:Introduction of the Signpost Forest*
Deep within the Yukon, one of the most densely wooded areas of Canada, sits a patch of land that is unlike any other forest on the planet. Instead of a canopy of treetops spreading across the horizon, tens of thousands of signposts perch haphazardly one on top of the other. They are all part of the Signpost Forest, the largest collection of signs from places around the world. At last count, the Signpost Forest in Watson Lake, located about 10 miles north of the U.S.-Canadian border, contains 91,000 signs from spots near and far, including Berlin, Moscow, Dublin, and Hawaii.

*Paragraph 2:The Origin of the Signpost Forest*
The tradition began during the Alaska Highway Project in 1942, when U.S. soldier Carl K. Lindley spent time in Watson Lake recovering from an injury. ==A commanding officer asked him to repair and erect the directional signposts, and while completing the job, the homesick soldier added a sign that indicated the direction and mileage to his hometown: “Danville, Illinois, 2,835 miles.” **[45]**== Others followed suit, and the trend caught on. Each year, an average of 1,000 new signs are being added to the collection. Lindley’s original sign has since been lost to time. Fifty years later, in 1992, Lindley and his wife Elinor made the pilgrimage back to Watson Lake to place a replica, which is still there.

*Paragraph 3:The quantity and the variety of the Signpost Forest*
The Signpost Forest takes up a couple of acres, with huge panels snaking through the trees. There are street signs, welcome signs, signatures on dinner plates, and license plates from around the world. There are also a lot of familial signs; for example, a grandfather will put up a sign and then years later family will come back and try to find it. A lot of these are personal signs to literally say that they are here. Though the visitor center has wood and paints on hand to help create a sign, many people opt to bring their own signs, though illegally, by snatching a metal sign from their hometown and nailing it to one of the wood posts. The forest has grown so vast that the visitor center no longer tries to keep a detailed list of the signs.

44. What does “The tradition” in the second paragraph refer to?
( A ) Counting the number of signs in the Signpost Forest.
( B ) Replacing the natural forest with signs of different kinds.
( C ) Putting directional signposts on the highways of the Yukon.
**( D ) Bringing signs to the Signpost Forest from around the world.**

45. According to the passage, which of the following is true about the first sign in the Signpost Forest?
( A ) It remained in the Forest until 1992.
**( B ) It was erected by an American soldier.**
( C ) It was first put on the Alaska Highway.
( D ) It was brought from Lindley’s hometown.

46. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “replica” in the second paragraph?
( A ) List. ( B ) Trunk. **( C ) Copy.** ( D ) Border.

47. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
( A ) The origins and sizes of the signs in the Signpost Forest.
**( B ) The quantity and variety of the signs in the Signpost Forest.**
( C ) The difficulty of categorizing the signs in the Signpost Forest.
( D ) The practice of nailing illegal signs to the posts in the Signpost Forest.

##### Vocabulary and Phrases
- [ ] a **patch** of land 一塊地（注意量詞）
- [ ] canopy (n.) 樹冠層
- [ ] signpost (n.) 路標
- [ ] haphazardly (adv.) 無秩序的、隨意的
- [ ] follow suit 跟風、仿效
- [ ] catch on 變的流行、受歡迎
- [ ] pilgrimage (n.) 朝聖
- [ ] replica (n.) 複製品
- [ ] snake (v.) 蜿蜒伸展
- [ ] familial (adj.) 家庭的
- [ ] opt to 選擇去
- [ ] 比較：be apt to 傾向於...
- [ ] 其他表傾向於的用法
- [ ] 1. be inclined to
- [ ] 2. be prone to
- [ ] 3. tend to
- [ ] 4. have an inclination to
- [ ] 5. have a tendency to
- [ ] snatch (v.) 奪走、搶走
- [ ] nail (v.) 釘
##### More Information
[Sign Post Forest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sign_Post_Forest)


----------
##### ++第48至51題為題組++
*Paragraph 1: Introduction to the Gold Standard*
In finance, an exchange rate is the rate at which one country’s currency is exchanged for the currency of another. The rate is set according to the respective values of the currencies to be exchanged. Before World War I, most currencies were evaluated by the Gold Standard. That is, paper currency issued by a government represented a real amount of gold held by that government. For example, in the 1930s, the British government owned about 8 times as much gold as the U.S. government. Therefore, 1 ounce of gold was worth 4.24 GBP (United Kingdom pound sterling) or 35 USD (U.S. dollars). The difference in the price of gold became the exchange rate for the two currencies: 1GBP was worth 8.25 USD.

*Paragraph 2:The collapse of Gold Standard and the rising of BWS*
The Gold Standard started to break down during the Second World War, when European powers printed more money than they had in gold reserves in order to fund military projects. After World War II, the Bretton Woods System was established. The U.S. dollar was chosen as the international reserve currency for trading. Every country knew how much gold a USD was worth, and thus they based the value of their currencies on the USD. All countries were expected to maintain a fixed exchange rate, but were permitted to change it in extraordinary times, such as a recession or inflation. 

*Paragraph 3:The collapse of BWS*
Unfortunately, this system could not keep pace with the fast-changing global economy. ==As the U.S. increased its military spending, foreign aid, and international investment in the 1960s, it no longer held gold reserves necessary to cover the volume of USD circulation around the world. **[50]**== Other major currencies thus became more valuable and stable compared to the USD, and the Bretton Woods System was finally abolished in 1971.

*Paragraph 4:The ending: floating exchange rate system*
In 1976, the Jamaica Agreement formalized the floating exchange rate system that continues to this day. ==The value of a country’s currency may vary according to the supply and demand of the foreign exchange market.**[51]**== Countries around the world can also allow their central banks to determine their own exchange rate.

48. According to the passage, which of the following is true about the Gold Standard?
**( A ) It showed the importance of gold for currency exchange.**
( B ) It reflected the dominance of the U.S. economy in the world.
( C ) It demonstrated how rich countries manipulated exchange rates.
( D ) It decided that the GBP was worth less than the USD in the 1930s.
49. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
( A ) The cause of economic recession.
( B ) Changes in currency rates and European powers.
( C ) World War II and the drop in gold prices.
**( D ) The rise of a new currency exchange system.**

50. What caused the Bretton Woods System to fail?
( A ) Major world powers fell into economic depression.
**( B ) The U.S. did not have enough gold to cover the amount of U.S. dollars.**
( C ) The system was too complicated for the practice of currency exchange.
( D ) European countries printed more paper money than they had in gold reserves.

51. According to the passage, which of the following is true about the Jamaica Agreement?
( A ) Individual countries may not decide their own exchange rate.
( B ) In a recession, all countries need to follow a fixed exchange rate.
( C ) Gold is again used as the standard of the currency exchange rate.
**( D ) Supply and demand in the currency market determines the exchange rate.**

##### Vocabulary and Phrases
- [ ] sterling (n.) 英鎊
- [ ] keep pace with 跟上...

##### More Information
* [The Gold Standard 金本位制度](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%8D)
* [Bretton Woods system 布列敦森林體系](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E9%A1%BF%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB)
* [Floating exchange rate 浮動匯率制](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%AE%E5%8B%95%E5%8C%AF%E7%8E%87%E5%88%B6)

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