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# Roma-ji, Hiragana and Katakana

| --- | A | I | U | E | O | --- |
|:-------:| ----------------:| -----------------:| -----------------:| ----------------:| ----------------:|:--------------------------------------:|
| **---** | **a** `あ` `ア` | **i** `い` `イ` | **u** `う` `ウ` | **e** `え` `エ` | **o** `お` `オ` | gojūon |
| **K** | **ka** `か` `カ` | **ki** `き` `キ` | **ku** `く` `ク` | **ke** `け` `ケ` | **ko** `こ` `コ` | gojūon |
| G | ga `が` `ガ` | gi `ぎ` `ギ` | gu `ぐ` `グ` | ge `げ` `ゲ` | go `ご` `ゴ` | dakuten |
| **S** | **sa** `さ` `サ` | **shi** (si) `し` `シ` | **su** `す` `ス` | **se** `せ` `セ` | **so** `そ` `ソ` | gojūon |
| Z | za `ざ` `ザ` | ji (zi) `じ` `ジ` | zu `ず` `ズ` | ze `ぜ` `ゼ` | zo `ぞ` `ゾ` | dakuten |
| **T** | **ta** `た` `タ` | **chi** (ti) `ち` `チ` | **tsu** (tu) `つ` `ツ` | **te** `て` `テ` | **to** `と` `ト` | gojūon |
| D | da `だ` `ダ` | di (ji) `ぢ` `ヂ` | du (zu) `づ` `ヅ` | de `で` `デ` | do `ど` `ド` | dakuten |
| **N** | **na** `な` `ナ` | **ni** `に` `ニ` | **nu** `ぬ` `ヌ` | **ne** `ね` `ネ` | **no** `の` `ノ` | gojūon |
| **H** | **ha** `は` `ハ` | **hi** `ひ` `ヒ` | **fu** (hu) `ふ` `フ` | **he** `へ` `ヘ` | **ho** `ほ` `ホ` | gojūon |
| B | ba `ば` `バ` | bi `び` `ビ` | bu `ぶ` `ブ` | be `べ` `ベ` | bo `ぼ` `ボ` | dakuten |
| P | pa `ぱ` `パ` | pi `ぴ` `ピ` | pu `ぷ` `プ` | pe `ぺ` `ペ` | po `ぽ` `ポ` | handakuten |
| **M** | **ma** `ま` `マ` | **mi** `み` `ミ` | **mu** `む` `ム` | **me** `め` `メ` | **mo** `も` `モ` | gojūon |
| **Y** | **ya** `や` `ヤ` | | **yu** `ゆ` `ユ` | | **yo** `よ` `ヨ` | gojūon |
| **R** | **ra** `ら` `ラ` | **ri** `り` `リ` | **ru** `る` `ル` | **re** `れ` `レ` | **ro** `ろ` `ロ` | gojūon |
| **W** | **wa** `わ` `ワ` | **wi** `ゐ` `ヰ` | | **we** `ゑ` `ヱ` | **wo** `を` `ヲ` | gojūon|
| **---** | | | **nm** `ん` `ン` | | | gojūon |

- つづける　「続ける」 -- tudukeru -- to continue 「続　-- つづ」
- ちぢめる　「縮める」 -- chidimeru -- to shorten 「縮　-- ちぢ」
- ひとりずう　一人ずつ -- hitorizutu -- one by one 「一人　-- ひとり」

---

hint: in the brackets `(chi (ti) ち　チ)` alternative typing methods

**N** `ん, ン` this is `hiragan` and `katakana` representation, which we can get via `nn`
`ん` before `b`, `m`, and `p` becomes `m` (which is pronounced like `m` in `sample`).

**D - U** `づ` we can get via `du` and it's like `dzu`

(use i and e instead of wi, we)

Gojūon
: Monographs

Dakuten(handakuten) (gojūon with dakuten)
: Diacritics

Yōon
: Diagraphs

Yōon with dakuten
: Digraphs with diacritics

---

| | YA | YU | YO | --- |
| --- | -------------------------------:| -------------------------------:| -------------------------------:| ----------------- |
| **k** | **kya** `きゃ` `キャ` | **kyu** `きゅ` `キュ` | **kyo** `きょ` `キョ` | yōon |
| **s** | **sha** (sya) `しゃ` `シャ` | **shu** (syu) `しゅ` `シュ` | **sho** (syo) `しょ` `ショ` | yōon |
| **t** | **cha** (tya/cya) `ちゃ` `チャ` | **chu** (tyu/cyu) `ちゅ` `チュ` | **cho** (tyo/cyo) `ちょ` `チョ` | yōon |
| **t** | | **texyu** `てゅ` `テュ` | | |
| **n** | **nya** `にゃ` `ニャ` | **nyu** `にゅ` `ニュ` | **nyo** `にょ` `ニョ` | yōon |
| **h** | **hya** `ひゃ` `ヒャ` | **hyu** `ひゅ` `ヒュ` | **hyo** `ひょ` `ヒョ` | yōon |
| **m** | **mya** `みゃ` `ミャ` | **myu** `みゅ` `ミュ` | **myo** `みょ` `ミョ` | yōon |
| **r** | **rya** `りゃ` `リャ` | **ryu** `りゅ` `リュ` | **ryo** `りょ` `リョ` | yōon |
| **g** | **gya** `ぎゃ` `ギャ` | **gyu** `ぎゅ` `ギュ` | **gyo** `ぎょ` `ギョ` | yōon with dakuten |
| **z** | **ja** (zya) `じゃ` `ジャ` | **ju** (zyu) `うい` `ジュ` | **jo** (zyo) `じょ` `ジョ` | yōon with dakuten |
| **d** | **dya** `ぢゃ` `ヂャ` | **dyu** `ぢゅ` `ヂュ` | **dyo** `ぢょ` `ヂョ` | |
| **d** | | **dexyu** `でゅ` `デュ` | | |
| **b** | **bya** `びゃ` `ビャ` | **byu** `びゅ` `ビュ` | **byo** `びょ` `ビョ` | yōon with dakuten |
| **p** | **pya** `ぴゃ` `ピャ` | **pyu** `ぴゅ` `ピュ` | **pyo** `ぴょ` `ピョ` | yōon with dakuten |

- にゅうりょく　「入力」 -- NYUuRYOku -- input
- しゅっちょう　「出張」 -- SHUcCHOu -- business trip
- ちゅうしゃじょう　「駐車場」 -- CHUuSHAJOu -- parking lot
- ぷろでゅーす　プロデュース　-- puroDEXYU-su -- production

---
Extended kana
: Foreign words representation by ==**Katakana**:==

| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| --------------:| --------------:| --------------:| -------------:| --------------:|
| **she** `シェ` | **che** `チェ` | **je** `ジェ` | | |
| **tsa** `ツァ` | **tse** `ツェ` | **tso** `ツォ` | | |
| **fa** `ファ` | **fi** `フィ` | **fe** `フェ` | **fo** `フォ` | |
| **thi** `ティ` | **dhi** `ディ` | **dyu** `ヂュ` | | |
| **wi** `ウィ` | **we** `ウェ` | **who** `ウォ` | | **quo** `クオ` |
| **va** `ヴァ` | **vi** `ヴィ` | **ve** `ヴェ` | **vo** `ヴォ` | |

---

Small kanas
: Many words wrttin in `katakana` incorporate a small `a, i, u, e, or o.`

| --- | a | i | u | e | o |
| --- | -----------------------:| ----------------------------:| ----------------------:| ---------------------------:| -----------------------:|
| **x** | **xa** (la) `ぁ` `ァ` | **xi** (li) `ぃ` `ィ` | **xu** (lu) `ぅ` `ゥ` | **xe** (le) `ぇ` `ェ` | **xo** (lo) `ぉ` `ォ` |
| **w** | | **wi** (uxi) `うぃ` `ウィ` | | **we** (uxe) `うぇ` `ウェ` | **uxo** `うぉ` `ウォ` |
| **k** | | | | **kuxe** `くぇ` `クェ` | **kuxo** `くぉ` `コォ` |
| **s** | | | | **she** (sye) `しぇ` `シェ` | |
| **t** | **tsuxa** `つぁ` `ツァ` | **tsuxi** `つぃ` `ツィ` | | **tsuxe** `つぇ` `ツェ` | **tsuxo** `つぉ` `ツォ` |
| **t** | | | | **che** (tye) `ちぇ` `チェ` | |
| **t** | | **thi** (texi) `てぃ` `ティ` | **toxu** `とぅ` `トゥ` | | |
| **f** | **fa** `ふぁ` `ファ` | **fi** `ふぃ` `フィ` | | **fe** `ふぇ` `フェ` | **fo** `ふぉ` `フォ` |
| **j** | | | | **je** (jye) `じぇ` `ジェ` | |
| **d** | | **dexi** `でぃ` `ディ` | **doxu** `どぅ` `ドゥ` | | |

- みーてぃんぐ　--　ミティング　mi-THIngu -- meeting
- もーつぁると　--　モツァルト　mo-TSUXAruto -- Mozart
- ちぇーんてん　--　チェ＿ンテン店　CHE-ntenn -- chain store 「店 -- てん」