# <center><i class="fa fa-edit"></i> Study Paper NB-IoT Random Access </center>
###### tags: `notes`
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**Goal:**
To understand Data-Driven analysis and ML-based enhancement
**Resources:**
[Paper by IEEE ](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9324758)
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## NB-IoT

NB-IOT or Narrowband Internet of Things is a standards-based lower
power wide area (LPWA) technology that is developed to enable a wide range of new IoT devices and services. It significanly improves the power consumption of user devices, system capacity and spectrum efficiency, especially in deep coverage. In theory, battery life of more than 10 years can be supported for a wide range of use cases.

NB-IOT is supported by all major mobile equipment, chipset, and module manufactures, NB-IOT can co-exist with 2G, 3G, and 4G mobile networks. it also has leverage from all the security and privacy features of mobile networks, such as support for user identity confidentiality, entity, authentication, data integrity, and mobile equipment identification. The first NB-IoT commercial launches have been completed and global roll out is expected for 2017/2018.

## Random Access (RA) Procedure
The existing of NB-IoT will create a massiveness of devices in the network will cause a collision which will degrade the performance of the system. RA (Random Access) is a procedure in network parameter that could optimize to reduce the collision in the massive access scneario. Based on this paper, it could reduce collision almost 50% after use RA procedure.
By Machine Learning (ML) approach, we can predict RA enchanced scheme and configurations enable a power consumption reduction of at least half of it.

## Advantage of NB-IoT
- While compared with conventional 4G/LTE mobile connectivity technologies, NB IoT provides several significant advantages.

- Improved Indoor Coverage
Compared with GSM, NB IoT is much better suitable for penetration in industrial buildings (warehouses, basements)

- Low Energy Consumption
Hardware manufacturers offer NB IoT module which are able to work up to 10 years with only one “pill size” battery. The assumption here is, that amount of data sent is limited, communication will take place occasionally and the mobile signal strength is satisfactory. In situations which require more frequent communications (and / or higher data volume) the battery life expectancy will be much shorter.


- Mobility
While some of industrial customers and logistics providers are considering setting up their own private mobile networks (using e. g. LTE, LoRa or SigFox technologies) providing coverage for factories and stock locations, NB IoT can be used for in application areas, where communication modules need to move between different locations.

- High Network Capacity
NB IoT Standard allows to operate over 100.000 mobile endpoints per single cell.

- Managed Network with QoS
Usage of existing licensed radio spectrum is for MNO the enabler for higher QoS (quality of service)

## Disadvantage of NB-IoT
NB IoT was designed as a pure data transmission technology for stationary or nomadic devices. It is not capable of a seamless handover between cells and does not support application requiring low latency – such as voice transmission.

## Implementations of NB-IoT
There are a few applications that has implemented NB-IoT, such as :
- Asset Tracking in Smart Integrated System Management (ex: Water & Gas, Eletricity, Vehicles, Animals, Luggage)
- Smart Metering System (energy consumption)
- Environmental Sensing (ex: temperature, humidity, vibration)