---
# System prepended metadata

title: 3.1. ArchOnto

---

---
title: "3.1. ArchOnto"
---

# ArchOnto

ArchOnto is a modular data model that integrates five ontologies, dealing with complementary aspects of the archival domain. The five ontologies are:
- CIDOC-CRM (base ontology);
- N-ary; 
- DataObject;
- ISAD Ontology;
- Link2DataObject.

In addition to these five ontologies, **ArchOnto** has its own [classes](#classesArchOnto) and [properties](#propertiesArchOnto), created as extensions to CIDOC CRM. Classes are used to specialize concepts already present in CIDOC CRM but which needed to be adapted to include controlled vocabularies that exist in the archives.
In addition to these classes, the ontology also includes three properties which provides a control structure for the admissible nesting of units of description. Names for classes are preceded by **ARE** (from **AR**chival **E**ntity), and those for properties are preceded by **ARP** (from **AR**chival **P**roperty).

### <span id="classesArchOnto">**Classes**

- [ARE1 Level of Description](#ARE1)
- [ARE2 Formal Title](#ARE2)
- [ARE3 Supplied Title](#ARE3)
- [ARE4 Extension](#ARE4)
- [ARE5 Identifier Type](#ARE5)
- [ARE6 Date Type](#ARE6)
- [ARE7 Name Type](#ARE7)
- [ARE8 Role Type](#ARE8)
- [ARE9 Date Certainty](#ARE9)
- [ARE11 Documentary Typology](#ARE11)
- [ARE12 Organisation](#ARE12)
- [ARE13 Subject Type](#ARE13)
- [ARE14 Place Type](#ARE14)
- [ARE15 Acquisition Type](#ARE15)
- [ARE16 Event Type](#ARE16)

<br>

<table>
<tr>
<th><span id="ARE1">ARE1 Level of Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
    <td>The first ISAD(G) element to be considered in the description of a document is its <b>Level of Description</b>, represented in ArchOnto through the <b>ARE1 Level of Description</b> class. This class is a subclass of <b>E55 Type</b> and is associated with a document (<b>E31 Document</b>) through the property <b>ARP12 has level of description</b>.
    </td>
</tr>
<tr>
    <td><b>Superclass</b>: E55 Type</td>
</tr>
<tr>
    <td><b>Subclasses</b>: -</td>
</tr>
<tr>
    <td><b>Related properties</b>:<br>- ARP8 upper level<br>- ARP9 lower level<br>- ARP12 has level of description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
    <td><b>Example values</b>:<br>- Fonds<br>- Series<br>- Section<br>- File<br>- Item</td>
</tr>
<tr>
    <td>
        
```<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.episa.inesctec.pt/ArchOnto#ARP12_has_level_of_description"> ``` <br> &nbsp;	&nbsp;``` <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/P2_has_type"/> ``` <br> 	&nbsp;	&nbsp;``` <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/E22_Man-Made_Object"/> ``` <br>	&nbsp;	&nbsp; ``` <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.episa.inesctec.pt/ArchOnto#ARE1_Level_of_Description"/> ``` <br> &nbsp; 	&nbsp; ```<rdfs:label>ARP12 has level of description</rdfs:label> ``` <br> ```</owl:ObjectProperty> ``` <br>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>

```mermaid
flowchart LR
A["E31 Document\n (Example value: Document001)"]
--ARP12 has level of description-->
B["ARE1 Level of Description\n(Example value: 'Fonds')"]
```

</td>
</tr>
</table>   
    
<br>

|<span id="ARE2">ARE2 Formal Title|
|-|
|The second ISAD(G) element to be considered in the description of a document is its Title, represented in ArchOnto through the ARE2 Formal Title or ARE3 Supplied Title classes. The ARE2 Formal Title class, a subclass of E35 Title, indicates that the type of title used in the document record is formal, originated in the document.|
|**Superclass**: E35 Title|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: -|
|**Example values**: <br>- Acção cível de fretes em que é autor António Henriques Leal e réu António Esteves Costa<br>- Gabinete da Área de Sines|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE3">ARE3 Supplied Title|
|-|
|The second ISAD(G) element to be considered in the description of a document is its Title, represented in ArchOnto through the ARE2 Formal Title or ARE3 Supplied Title classes. The ARE3 Supplied Title class, a subclass of E35 Title, indicates that the type of title used in the document record is supplied, assigned by an archivist.|
|**Superclass**: E35 Title|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: -|
|**Example values**:<br>- Juízo da Índia e Mina<br>- Mosteiro de São Bernardo de Portalegre<br>- Inventário por óbito de Manuel Joaquim Ferreira Lino|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE4">ARE4 Extension|
|-|
|This class allows to indicate the document's extension in order to distinguish the different uses given to this field.|
|**Superclass**: E54 Dimension|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**:<br>- P43 has dimension<br>- P90 has value<br>- P91 has unit|
|**Example values**:<br>- 13 maços<br>- 21 folhas|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE5">ARE5 Identifier Type|
|-|
|ISAD(G) allows several types of identifiers. ARE5 Identifier Type class allows to specify the identifier type. This class is a subclass of E55 Type and is linked to E42 Identifier through the property P2 has type.|
|**Superclass**: E55 Type|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: P2 has type.|
|**Example values**: <br>- Reference Code<br>- Physical Location<br>- Original Numbering<br>- Previous Location|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE6">ARE6 Date Type|
|-|
|This class allows to indicate a date type, which may be a predominant date, of production, death, birth, etc.|
|**Superclass**: E55 Type|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: -|
|**Example values**:<br>- Exact dates<br>- Inferred dates<br>- Predominant dates|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE7">ARE7 Name Type |
|-|
|This class allows to indicate a name type, which can be a nickname, last name or last name.|
|**Superclass**: E55 Type|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: -|
|**Example values**:<br>- Authorized form of name<br>- Another Form of the Name<br>- Parallel Name Form|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE8">ARE8 Role Type |
|-|
|This class allows to indicate the role of an individual in a given event.|
|**Superclass**: E55 Type|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: P14.1 in the role of.|
|**Example values**:<br>- Producer<br>- Material Author<br>- Recipient|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE9">ARE9 Date Certainty |
|-|
|This class allows to indicate which is the certainty relatively to a date.|
|**Superclass**: E55 Type|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: -|
|**Example values**:<br>- Certain<br>- Uncertain|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE11">ARE11 Documentary Typology|
|-|
|This class allows to indicate which is the documentary typolgy of a document.|
|**Superclass**: E55 Type|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: -|
|**Example values**:<br>- Certificate<br>- Income book<br>- Patent|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE12">ARE12 Organisation|
|-|
|This class allows to indicate that some activity's actor is an organisation.|
|**Superclass**: E39 Actor|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: -|
|**Example values**: -|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE13">ARE13 Subject Type|
|-|
|This class allows to indicate which is the subject of a document.|
|**Superclass**: E55 Type|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: -|
|**Example values**:<br>- Education<br>- Science<br>- Law<br>- Management|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE14">ARE14 Place Type|
|-|
|This class allows to indicate which type of place is described, such as a country, municipality or parish.|
|**Superclass**: E55 Type|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: -|
|**Example values**:<br>- Ocean<br>- Archipelago<br>- Mountain range<br>- Country<br>- District|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE15">ARE15 Acquisition Type|
|-|
| This class allows to indicate the type of acquisition of a document, such as purchase, transfer, donation, etc.|
|**Superclass**: E55 Type|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: -|
|**Example values**:<br>- Purchase<br>- Giving<br>- Donation<br>- Deposit<br>- Swap<br>- Legacy<br>- Reintegration<br>- Transfer|

<br> 

|<span id="ARE16">ARE16 Event Type|
|-|
|This class allows to indicate which type of event is present in a document.|
|**Superclass**: E55 Type|
|**Subclasses**: -|
|**Related properties**: -|
|**Example values**:<br>- Evaluation<br>- Expertise<br>- Financial management|


### <span id="propertiesArchOnto">**Properties**
    
- [ARP8 upper level](#ARP8)
- [ARP9 lower level](#ARP9)
- [ARP12 has level of description](#ARP12)

|<span id="ARP8">ARP8 upper level|
|-|
|This property relates a level of description with the upper levels where it may be aggregated (aggregate).|
|**Domain**: ARE1 Level of Description|
|**Range**: ARE1 Level of Description|
|**Inverse**: ARP9 lower level|
|**Example values**:<br>- |

<br> 

|<span id="ARP9">ARP9 lower level |
|-| 
|This property relates a level of description with the lower levels where it may be aggregated (aggregate).|
|**Domain**: ARE1 Level of Description|
|**Range**: ARE1 Level of Description|
|**Inverse**: ARP8 upper level|
|**Example values**:<br>- |

<br> 

|<span id="ARP12">ARP12 has level of description|
|-| 
|This property relates a given document to its level of description (E22 Human-Made Object).|
|**Domain**: E31 Document|
|**Range**: ARE1 Level of Description|
|**Inverse**: -|
|**Example values**:<br>- |

