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氣壓乙級 學科 部分解答

補上PX

定義
1 atm = 101.325kPa
= 1.01325 bar
1 bar = 100 kPa
1 Pa = 1 N / m^2
1 psi = 1 lb / in^2
1 lb = 0.454 kg
1 in = 2.54 cm

點下面箭頭▶ 展開詳細資料

在緯度45°的海平面上，
當溫度為0℃時，
760毫米高水銀柱產生的壓強
叫做標準大氣壓

0℃時水銀的密度為13.5951 g／cm^3
= 13595.1 kg／m^3
標準重力為
緯度45.5°的海平面上的g為9.80665 N／kg
1 atm
= P水銀 =ρ水銀gh
= 13595.1 kg／m^3 × 9.80665 N／kg × 0.76m
= 101325 N／m^2
= 101325 Pa
= 1.01325 bar

假設水銀密度為
13595.098 kg／m^3 (尚未驗證)
1 atm
= 13595.098 kg／m^3 × 9.80665 N／kg × 0.76m
= 101325 N／m^2 * 1 kg / 9.80665 N
= 1.03322745 kg

2019年 用普朗克常數定義公斤
1799年定義
1kg = 1公升體積的水在4度C的質量
1公升 = 1000 cm^3 / cm^2

理論上
用4度C的水代替托里切利實驗的水銀
底面積1cm^2
水柱的高度為1033.22745 cm
約10公尺
水柱體積 = 底 * 高
= 1 cm^2 * 1033.22745 cm
= 1033.22745 cm^3
= 1.03322745 公升
= 1.03322745 kg

P = F / A
1 atm
= 1.03322745 kg / 1 cm^2
= 1.03322745 kg / cm^2
= 1.03322745 kg / cm^2 * 1 lb / 0.45359237 kg
= 2.27787660979 lb / cm^2
= 2.27787660979 lb / cm^2 * 2.54 * 2.54 cm^2 / 1 in^2
= 14.6959487 lb / in^2
= 14.6959487 psi

結論
1 atm
= 760 torr
= 1.013 bar
= 1.033 kg / cm^2
= 14.7 psi

在氣壓乙學科
通常
1 atm
≒ 1 bar
≒ 1 kg / cm^2
= 760 torr
= 14.7 psi

參考資料

1.全華出版社 氣壓

2.台科大圖書 勁園出版社 氣壓

3.復文圖書 氣壓
http://www.fwbook.com.tw/index.php?option=search&lang=cht

[公視HD]流言追追追-大氣壓力
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YMPvSrBSfDA

壓力換算器
https://www.digikey.tw/zh/resources/conversion-calculators/conversion-calculator-pressure

壓力換算表
https://www.fullwins.com.tw/list/cate-10762.htm

有錯
https://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/demolab/phpBB/viewtopic.php?topic=9291

水高 壓力轉換
https://www.convertworld.com/zh-hant/pressure/metre-of-water.html

公斤定義
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilogram

大氣壓力
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_atmosphere_(unit)

一個標準大氣壓是多少?
https://www.yamab2b.com/why/35822.html

空氣氣壓多少正常?
https://www.yamab2b.com/why/2859612.html

9.80672
http://ms.swewe.net/word_show.htm/?33670_3&Tekanan_atmosfera_Standard

9.80672
http://la.swewe.net/word_show.htm/?33670_3&Standard_aeris_pressure

103年3月6日擎天水柱～大氣壓力
http://streetphysics.blogspot.com/2015/04/10336.html

YT 日本10公尺水柱
https://www.facebook.com/masterstw/posts/3614818761885457/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I73vyRSNPBg&t=305s

[公視HD]流言追追追-大氣壓力
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YMPvSrBSfDA

標準重力
https://wiki.kfd.me/_en/wiki/Standard_gravity

13595.1
https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=knshEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA48&lpg=PA48&dq=13595.1+kg／m^3+×+9.80665+N／kg+×+0.76m&source=bl&ots=sJi0u2P1Lx&sig=ACfU3U0GbqQsuqe2YzCHo84KISPJHNv26A&hl=zh-TW&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjHlPOnqoz7AhXYBIgKHUjRBD0Q6AF6BAgKEAM#v=onepage&q&f=false

13595.1
https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1077411810

13595.1
https://femiwiki.com/w/기압

大氣壓力 (Atmospheric pressure) 與大氣壓 (Atmosphere, atm)
https://highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw/wordpress/?p=40818

P1-1 迴路相同

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P1-2 迴路相同

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P1-9 訊號延遲 R333氣壓延時閥

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R333氣壓延時閥
一直壓著S
等左邊壓力足夠
才能切換閥位
然後A+

P3-10 訊號放大

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假設P1 > P2
P2訊號變成P1
訊號放大

P3-11 訊號延長

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用儲氣瓶儲氣
放開S後
還能維持A+一下子
一下子長短由節流閥控制

P3-12 訊號縮短

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壓著S約0.幾秒後
A+訊號不再輸出
0.幾秒長短由節流閥控制

類似脈衝閥

P3-13 訊號延長

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排氣節流 延長S訊號

壓放S
A-壓到a0後
如果3/2閥 左邊管路空氣還未排掉
會再A+

P5-24 TRIAC (TRIode AC semiconductor switch) 三端雙向交流開關

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https://www.newton.com.tw/wiki/TRIAC

由NPNPN五層半導體材料構成
(我找不到實體剖面圖片 找到加分)
TRIAC雙向晶閘管
廣泛用於工業、交通、家電領域，
實現交流調壓、交流調速、交流開關、舞台調光、檯燈調光等多種功能。
此外，它還被用在固態繼電器和固態接觸器的電路中。

Image Not Showing Possible Reasons
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https://kknews.cc/zh-tw/home/98l68eb.html
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P6-44=47 信號時間圖

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使用x雙壓閥 增加限制條件 建立邏輯方程式
不使用+梭動閥 避免條件不足
增加邏輯方程式 建設時間
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點箭頭▶ 展開舊版解題圖

P6-45=46 信號時間圖

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P7-48,49 互斥或

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P7-50 NAND

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P7-52 脈衝頂出器


用在衝擊迴路 增加進氣側 進氣量
http://web.ncyu.edu.tw/~lanjc/lesson/C2/class/3- BN.pdf

P10-85到87 接口編號




液氣壓原理及實習 復文出版社

P12-2 壓力特性曲線

壓力特性曲線繪製
1次側壓力通常由2.5bar開始繪製



http://airbank.com.tw/wp-content/uploads/ERX-C.pdf
https://www.chelic.com/document/TW/technical/QRuse/ERP_all.pdf

P13-14 最高作動速度


P14-19 繼電器


https://www.strongpilab.com/relay-introduction-selection/


P14-34 RLC串聯諧振電路

串聯諧振就是 虛功率為零 電源不用提供 任何能量
電路頻率f = 諧振頻率f0時
電路呈電阻性 電路阻抗最小

https://www.csvs.chc.edu.tw/bksys/UploadImgs/20180925084848.pps
https://www.sphs.hc.edu.tw/ischool/public/resource_view/open.php?file=242e6d8e4f053aebfaa16b3fc08104e4.pdf


P36-6 理論空氣消耗量



P37-10 最大拉力 最大推力

V2 = V0 + at
V和a有關
F = ma = PA
a和P有關

P38-27 何種配管為最佳



P40-40 時間關係之元件

瞬時導通 延時復歸
一有氣就瞬間導通
一沒氣 利用儲氣瓶存氣
過一段時間才斷氣

瞬時斷氣 延時復歸
一有氣就瞬間斷氣
一沒氣 利用儲氣瓶存氣
過一段時間才導通

R333 b接點
延時斷氣 瞬時復歸
一有氣 利用儲氣瓶存氣
過一段時間才斷氣
一沒氣就瞬間導通

R333 a接點
延時導通 瞬時復歸
一有氣 利用儲氣瓶存氣
過一段時間才導通
一沒氣就瞬間斷氣

P40-52 油管管徑




P41-56 最大的作用力








P43-68 提供多大阻力




P45-82 活塞側會產生多大背壓





P46-86 油壓缸的最大行程




P47-92 有效斷面積

S = 18Cv
= 18 * 4.5 = 81 mm2

(93) S = 18 * 2 = 36 mm2





https://www.ttcom.com.tw/chelic_B_09/class_e03.html
https://www.mindman.com.tw/webls-zh-tw/msg/Technical-Support.html
http://www.changyuancylinders.com/Technical-Support.asp#link1
https://amy78g026.pixnet.net/blog/post/24963790
https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Cv_(流體係數)

P48-103 理論真空吸力


P49-114 抵抗力



P66-192 5/3閥件，可用下列哪個閥件來替代

P67-196

5/3中位加壓 是單穩態
左右沒電時 左右管路都出氣

可用3/2常通型單邊電磁閥 代替
或用
5/2單邊電磁閥 保留常通接口 遮蔽常閉街口

5/3中位排氣 是單穩態
左右沒電時 左右管路都排氣

可用3/2常閉型單邊電磁閥 代替
或用
5/2單邊電磁閥 保留常閉接口 遮蔽常通街口

P79-6 理論推力

1 atm = 1.013 bar
= 1.033 kg / cm^2
= 760 torr
= 14.7 psi

P80-10 產生 X 左右之推力


P80-14 不撓曲槓桿





P80-16 氣壓缸安裝方式


1.FA前法蘭型

2.FB後法蘭型
3.LA徑向腳座型
4.LB軸向腳座型
5.CA單山型
6.CB雙山型
7.CC短單山型
8.TC中間砲耳
9.TA前砲耳
10.TB後砲耳

點下面箭頭▶ 展開詳細資料

3.LA徑向腳座型


4.LB軸向腳座型

5.CA單山型


6.CB雙山型

7.CC短單山型

8.TC中間砲耳



9.TA前砲耳

10.TB後砲耳




https://www.ckdtaiwan.com.tw/catafile/pdf/CC-1118T-2.pdf
http://www.ura.com.tw/images/Mindman/02-b.pdf
http://web.ncyu.edu.tw/~lanjc/lesson/C2/class/3- AN.pdf
https://zh-tw.jufan.com.tw/uploadfiles/37/ftp/pdf/al_c.pdf
https://www.mindman.com.tw/proimages/pdf/C_cylinder_kits.pdf

P82-23 平均消耗電流

VA就是電壓*電流
A = VA / V
=48 /110 = 0.44 A

(24)
66/110 = 0.6 A

(25)
250/110 = 2.27 A

P82-26 通過電磁閥AB的電流

並聯電壓相同
Va = Vb = 24V

P = IV

Pa = Ia * Va = 48W
= Ia * 24 = 48
Ia = 2A

Pb = Ib * Vb = 24W
= Ib * 24 = 24
IB = 1A

並聯電流相加
I = Ia + Ib
Va = Vb = 24V
P = IV

Pa = Ia * Va = 48W
= Ia * 24 = 48
Ia = 2A

Pb = Ib * Vb = 24W
= Ib * 24 = 24
IB = 1A

I = Ia + Ib
= 2 + 1 = 3A

Va = Vb = 24V
P = IV

Pa = Ia * Va = 36W
= Ia * 24 = 36
Ia = 1.5A

Pb = Ib * Vb = 60W
= Ib * 24 = 24
IB = 2.5A

Va = Vb = 24V
I = Ia + Ib
P = IV

Pa = Ia * Va = 36W
= Ia * 24 = 36
Ia = 1.5A

Pb = Ib * Vb = 60W
= Ib * 24 = 24
IB = 2.5A

I = Ia + Ib
= 1.5 + 2.5 = 4A

P83-35 電磁閥線圈電阻

P = V^2 / R
1.6 = 12^2 / R
R = 90Ω

(36)
P = V^2 / R
2.4 = 12^2 / R
R = 60Ω

(37)
P = V^2 / R
1.2 = 24^2 / R
R = 480Ω

Last changed by 
 
Terry Lee
1587

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\begin{align} sin(α±β) &= sinα*cosβ ± cosα*sinβ \\ cos(α±β) &= cosα*cosβ ∓ cosα*sinβ \\ tan(α±β) &= \cfrac{tanα ± tanβ}{1 ∓ tanα*tanβ} \\ s(α±β) &= sc ± cs \\ c(α±β) &= cc ∓ ss \\ t(α±β) &= \cfrac{α ± β}{1 ∓ α * β} \\ \end{align}

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參考資料 機件原理 機械力學 機械製造 機械基礎實習 製圖實習 全華 台科大 龍騰育達補習班 歷屆試題解析http://2016.twowin.com.tw/submenu/index/old-exam建功補習班 歷屆試題解析http://www.tck.com.tw/sites/exam/112_4g/112_4g_index.html製造重點 上https://www.ylvs.chc.edu.tw/resource/openfid.php?id=38748原理重點http://www.pei-i.com.tw/itemUpload/17702_202004232034192_12.pdf

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