---
tags: 開源社
title: pygame - 打磚塊(一)
---
# Pygame 教學 (一)
共筆：https://hackmd.io/LuheTD_SQwWYa2wMwiv65g
[匿名提問](https://app.sli.do/event/18mhx5qs)
[前情提要](https://hackmd.io/@andy010629/r103KC6Iv)
# 我們今天要來做打磚塊!
>在這之前 我們來把遊戲的流程釐清一下
## 我們會用到的物件
- ### 磚塊
生成 / 消失 / 反彈
- ### 球
反彈 (物理碰撞)
- ### 反彈球ㄉ板子
反彈 (物理碰撞)
## 遊戲的基本流程
### CODING 邏輯
- [ ] pygame 初始化
- [ ] 把物件做出來
-- init --
- [ ] 球的生成 -- 位置 及 速度
- [ ] 反射板的生成 -- 位置
- [ ] 遊戲初始化 ( ) -- 將該歸位的的東西歸位 參數重設
-- loop start --
- [ ] 判斷遊戲狀態(按下右鍵開始) ( ) -- bool 開始參數
- [ ] 球給我動起來 - 球的碰撞>變更移動方向
--------------------------------------------------
## 第一步 - Pygame 及 遊戲參數的初始化
``` python=
import sys
import pygame
from pygame.locals import QUIT
SCREEN_SIZEX = 800
SCREEN_SIZEY = 600
SCREEN_COLOR = (0,0,0)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
pygame.init()
window_surface = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_SIZEX,SCREEN_SIZEY))
window_surface.fill(SCREEN_COLOR)
pygame.display.update()
# 鼠標 鎖定 和 隱藏
pygame.event.set_grab(True)
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
window_surface.fill(SCREEN_COLOR)
pygame.display.update()
#設定畫面貞數
clock.tick(60)
```
## 第二步 物件的製作
> 我們的目標是 把物件包好 然後我們只要 call 他就可以生成了
> 今天的進度 我們會需要用到 "球" 和 "發射板" 這兩個物件
Object.py--
```python=
import pygame
# 球
class Ball(object):
def __init__(self,canvas,pos, radius):
#一個pygame物件
self.pygame = pygame
#畫布(物件繪製在哪邊)
self.canvas = canvas
#設置圓心位置
self.pos = pos
#球的半徑
self.radius = radius
#球的顏色
self.color = (100,200,200)
#實/空 心
self.visible = True
self.rect = self.pygame.draw.circle(self.canvas, self.color, self.pos, self.radius)
def update(self):
if(self.visible):
self.rect = self.pygame.draw.circle(self.canvas, self.color, self.pos, self.radius)
# 發射板
class Paddle(object):
def __init__(self,canvas, rect):
self.pygame = pygame
self.canvas = canvas
self.rect = rect
self.color = (255, 255, 255)
self.visible = True
def update(self):
if(self.visible):
self.pygame.draw.rect(self.canvas, self.color, self.rect)
```
寫完之後 我們把它匯入主程式吧!
我們只要在主程式前面加上 `` from Object import * `` 就可以把他們匯進去了
然後我們就可以在主程式裡面呼叫他們測試看看 - 像這樣
```python=
# Paddle(要繪製的圖層,[繪製位置,長跟寬])
paddle = Paddle(window_surface, [SCREEN_SIZEX/2 - 50, SCREEN_SIZEY - 48, 100, 24])
# Ball(要繪製的圖層,[繪製位置],半徑)
ball = Ball(window_surface, [int(paddle.rect[0] + ((paddle.rect[2] - 10)//2)), paddle.rect[1] - 10], 10)
```
然後記得在 while 裡面更新 讓他一直繪圖
```python=
paddle.update()
ball.update()
```
## 第三步 物件的生成和設定
### 一些常數
```python=
BALL_SPEED = 8
dx = BALL_SPEED
dy = -BALL_SPEED
```
### 生成物件
> 這邊只是生成而已 一樣要記得在 loop 裡面 update 喔!
```python=
paddle_x = 0
paddle_y = (SCREEN_SIZEY - 48)
paddle = Paddle(window_surface, [paddle_x, paddle_y, 100, 24])
ball_x = paddle_x
ball_y = paddle_y
ball = Ball(window_surface, [ball_x, ball_y], 8)
```
### 遊戲重設
```python=
def resetGame():
global game_mode,dx, dy
game_mode = 0
dx = BALL_SPEED
dy = -BALL_SPEED
```
## 第四步 - 遊戲狀態設定 及 初始化
> 我們要在loop 一開始的 for event 裡面加上條件 判斷是否按下右鍵
```python=
for event in pygame.event.get():
...... 以上省略 .....
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if(game_mode == 0):
game_mode = 1
```
> 背景塗滿
```python
window_surface.fill(SCREEN_COLOR)
```
> 反射板 歸位
```python
paddle.rect[0] = paddle_x
```
### 第五步 - 遊戲開始!
```python=
if(game_mode == 0):
ball.pos[0] = ball_x = paddle.rect[0] + ((paddle.rect[2] - ball.radius)//2)
ball.pos[1] = ball_y = paddle.rect[1] - ball.radius
else:
ball_x += dx
ball_y += dy
#判斷死亡.
if(ball_y + dy > SCREEN_SIZEY - ball.radius):
resetGame()
# 右牆或左牆碰撞.
if(ball_x + dx > SCREEN_SIZEX - ball.radius or ball_x + dx < ball.radius):
dx = -dx
# 上牆碰撞
if(ball_y + dy < -ball.radius):
dy = -dy
ball.pos[0] = ball_x
ball.pos[1] = ball_y
```
### 完整程式碼
main.py--
```python=
import sys
import pygame
from pygame.locals import QUIT
from Object import *
SCREEN_SIZEX = 800
SCREEN_SIZEY = 600
SCREEN_COLOR = (0,0,0)
BALL_SPEED = 8
dx = BALL_SPEED
dy = -BALL_SPEED
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
def Update():
ball.update()
paddle.update()
pygame.display.update()
def isCollision(Rect1, Rect2):
if(pygame.Rect.colliderect(Rect1, Rect2)):
return True
return False
def resetGame():
global game_mode, dx, dy
game_mode = 0
dx = BALL_SPEED
dy = -BALL_SPEED
pygame.init()
window_surface = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_SIZEX,SCREEN_SIZEY))
window_surface.fill(SCREEN_COLOR)
paddle_x = 0
paddle_y = (SCREEN_SIZEY - 48)
paddle = Paddle(window_surface, [paddle_x, paddle_y, 100, 24])
ball_x = paddle_x
ball_y = paddle_y
ball = Ball(window_surface, [ball_x, ball_y], 8)
resetGame()
pygame.display.update()
# 鼠標 鎖定 和 隱藏
pygame.event.set_grab(True)
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
paddle_x = pygame.mouse.get_pos()[0] - 50= pygame.MO
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
paddle_x = pygame.mouse.get_pos()[0] - 50
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if(game_mode == 0):
game_mode = 1
window_surface.fill(SCREEN_COLOR)
paddle.rect[0] = paddle_x
if(isCollision(ball.rect, paddle.rect)):
dy = -dy
# 遊戲流程控制
if(game_mode == 0):
ball.pos[0] = ball_x = paddle.rect[0] + ((paddle.rect[2] - ball.radius) // 2)
ball.pos[1] = ball_y = paddle.rect[1] - ball.radius
else:
ball_x += dx
ball_y += dy
#判斷死亡.
if(ball_y + dy > SCREEN_SIZEY - ball.radius):
game_mode = 0
# 右牆或左牆碰撞.
if(ball_x + dx > SCREEN_SIZEX - ball.radius or ball_x + dx < ball.radius):
dx = -dx
# 上牆碰撞
if(ball_y + dy < -ball.radius):
dy = -dy
ball.pos[0] = ball_x
ball.pos[1] = ball_y
Update()
clock.tick(60)
```
Object.py--
```python=
import pygame
class Ball(object):
def __init__(self,canvas,pos, radius):
self.pygame = pygame
self.canvas = canvas
self.pos = pos
self.radius = radius
self.color = (100,200,200)
self.visible = True
self.rect = self.pygame.draw.circle(self.canvas, self.color, self.pos, self.radius)
def update(self):
if(self.visible):
self.rect = self.pygame.draw.circle(self.canvas, self.color, self.pos, self.radius)
class Paddle(object):
def __init__(self,canvas, rect):
self.pygame = pygame
self.canvas = canvas
self.rect = rect
self.color = (255, 255, 255)
self.visible = True
def update(self):
if(self.visible):
self.pygame.draw.rect(self.canvas, self.color, self.rect)
```
Git && GitHub 教學操作筆記
https://hackmd.io/@andy010629/BJB6pdg5w
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