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GitHub Arctic Code Vault

文明的保存

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  • 亞歷山大圖書館 (Library of Alexandria)
    • 公元前 259 年創建
    • 當時世界上藏書最多、文種最多、書目記錄最全的圖書館
    • 鼎盛時期,圖書館藏書量達70萬卷
    • 透過重金收購、僱人抄寫、掠奪和兼併等管道增加館藏
    • 它先後毀於兩場大火(戰爭)

上圖片是亞歷山大圖書館的 "想像圖"。想像圖的意思是它真實的樣子完全從人類的歷史中消失,連塊石頭都沒留下。

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  • 羅馬萬神殿(Pantheon)
    • 公元前 27 年建造
    • 世界上最大的無鋼筋混凝土圓頂
    • 古羅馬混凝土技術,直到 2014 年才被重新發現

GitHub Arctic Code Vault

人類的文化遺產有不少一度或永遠消失在歷史中

  • GitHub Archive Program
    • 開源程式碼是現代科技文明的基石
    • 萬一人類的文明遭受重大的毀滅,還有機會讓後世的物種在這個基礎上重建。

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放在哪?

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  • Svalbard, Norway
    • 全球最北的城市
    • 夏季平均氣溫 3~7°C 冬季平均氣溫 -13~-20°C
    • 永久非軍事區 (不會遭受戰火牽連)
    • 全球種子庫所在地 (Svalbard Global Seed Vault)
      • 全球農業的「諾亞方舟」
      • 2009年台灣首次參與了該保存計劃,提供水稻、雜糧、蔬菜等共約12,000份種子
  • Arctic World Archive (AWA, 北極世界檔案館)
    • 冰冷、乾燥、永凍土
    • 退役的煤礦坑。永久凍土層下 250 公尺的鋼製保險庫中

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用什麼儲存裝置?

挪威公司 Piql 研發的底片。

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將文字、圖像、視頻全部轉化成二進位代碼,然後印刷在感光底片上,最後捲成捲軸封存在一個個盒子內。預計可儲存長達 1000 年之久。

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Arctic Code Vault Snapshot

  • public repository
  • 02/02/2019 ~ 02/02/2020 之間至少有一顆星的 repo
  • 有 250 顆星以上的 repo
  • 符合以上條件的 default branch HEAD 狀態
  • commit messages 不會被儲存

02/02/2020 Snapshot

  • 21TB 的資料量
  • 186 卷底片

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Arctic Code Vault Badge

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GitHub Code Vault 指南

  • https://github.com/github/archive-program
    • GUIDE.md 寫給未來物種看的語調
    • 官方提供五種語言: 英文、阿拉伯文、中文、印地文、西班牙文
    • 簡介了二進位制、電腦、軟體、編譯等基本概念
    • 最後一小節還介紹了 Open Source 的概念
    • What You Need To Use The Archive 段落提到了科技樹 (Tech Tree)

GitHub Arctic Code Vault: Tech Tree

描述目前的世界如何創造軟體和使用它。以及電腦是如何被設計、製造以及使用的。

目前規劃有 16 個部分。比較特別的是也包含了藝術、文化、歷史部分。甚至有 "Women and technology" 的專門部分,介紹女性在軟體和其他技術開發中經常被忽視的狀況。

目前這份文件比較像是個現有資源的集合,而非站在寫給未來的物種看的。目前比較像是一份書籍清單。將書籍複製到底片中會有版權問題,目前 Packt、O'Reilly、Springer 和 Wiley 標示願意合作。

以下是蒐錄的部分書籍清單,完整請看: Tech Tree

  • The Art of Computer Programming by Donald Knuth (Pearson)
  • Introduction to Algorithms by Thomes H Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, Clifford Stein (MIT Press)
  • Compilers: Principles, Techniques, Tools by Alfred V. Aho, Monica S. Lam, Ravi Sethi, and Jeffrey D. Ullman (Addison Wesley)
  • Understanding the Linux Kernel by Daniel P. Bovet and Marco Cesati (O'Reilly)
  • Linux for Makers by Aaron Newcomb (Make)
  • Introducing Python by Bill Lubanovic (O'Reilly)
  • The C Programming Language by Kernighan and Ritchie (Pearson)
  • The C++ Primer by Stanley B. Lippman, Josée Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo (Pearson)
  • The Rust Programming Language by Steve Klabnik and Carol Nichols (No Starch Press)
  • The Go Programming Language by Alan A. A. Donovan and Brian W. Kernighan (Pearson) or Head First Go by Jay McGavren (O'Reilly)
  • Learning Java by Patrick Niemeyer and Daniel Leuck (O'Reilly)
  • JavaScript: The Definitive Guide by David Flanagan (O'Reilly)
  • Learning Swift by Jonathon Manning, Paris Buttfield-Addison, and Tim Nugent (O'Reilly)
  • Arduino: A Technical Reference by J. M. Hughes (O'Reilly)
  • Hidden Figures: The True Story of Four Black Women and the Space Race by Margot Lee Shetterly (William Morrow Paperbacks)《關鍵少數》
  • The Complete Works of William Shakespeare《威廉·莎士比亞全集》
  • The Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu《源氏物語》
  • Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky《罪與罰》

Archive Program 的相關計畫

Greatest Hits (精選輯)

  • 在全世界 4 個位置,封存重要的 17,000 個精選開源專案
  • 遵循 LOCKSS(Lots Of Copies Keeps Stuff Safe)多複本保證資料安全儲存原則
    • 英國牛津大學的博德利 (Bodleian) 圖書館
    • 埃及亞歷山大圖書館
    • 美國史丹福大學圖書館
    • GitHub 舊金山總部
  • 使用與 Arctic Code Vault 相同的底片
  • 底片被放在一個木盒中,盒外有使用 AI 結合 3D 列印技術創造的裝飾
  • 依照受歡迎的程度 (幾顆星) 和相依性決定,目前的清單在這裡

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Microsoft Project SIlica

利用雷射在石英玻璃上形成深淺不一、角度不一樣的切割紋路來儲存資料。

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