You’ve got two common cases. Pick the one that matches your strip.

**Case 1 — “Dumb” 2-wire 5 V LED strip (just ON/OFF)**

Use your 3 V/3.3 V [MCU](https://www.ampheo.com/c/microcontrollers) to switch the 5 V rail with a [MOSFET](https://www.onzuu.com/category/fets-mosfets). Easiest: low-side N-MOSFET.

**Parts**

* Logic-level N-MOSFET that fully turns on at 3 V (e.g., [AO3400](https://www.onzuu.com/product/alpha-and-omega-semiconductor-inc-ao3400a-5190082), [IRLZ44N](https://www.onzuu.com/search/IRLZ44N) for big current)
* 100 Ω gate [resistor](https://www.onzuu.com/category/resistors)
* 100 kΩ gate-to-GND pull-down
* 100–470 µF bulk cap across strip 5 V/GND
* 5 V [power supply](https://www.onzuu.com/category/external-internal-power-supply) sized for the strip

**Wiring (low-side switch)**

+5V ───────────── LED strip +5V
                   LED strip GND ──●── D (MOSFET)
                                   S ── GND (common with MCU)
MCU pin ── 100Ω ── G
               │
              100kΩ
               │
              GND

(also put 100–470 µF across +5V↔GND near the strip)

**Notes**

* Tie MCU GND to strip GND (common ground).
* This is fine for 2-wire strips. If you plan to add a data line later (addressable LEDs), prefer the high-side method below.

**Case 2 — Addressable 3-wire strip (WS2812/“NeoPixel”, SK6812)**

You need power switching and a 3 V→5 V level-shift for DATA.

**A) Power the strip (recommended: high-side switch)**

Low-side switching can cause “phantom powering” via the data pin. Use a P-MOSFET or a load-switch IC to cut +5 V.

**High-side with P-MOSFET (simplified)**

+5V ──●─── P-MOSFET ─── LED strip +5V
      │        (P-ch, e.g., AO3407A)
     100kΩ
      │
     GND

MCU pin ── NPN/N-MOSFET level to pull P-gate low = ON
LED strip GND ───────────── GND (common)

(Or use a dedicated load switch like [TPS229xx](https://www.onzuu.com/search/TPS229); control pin goes to MCU.)

**B) Level-shift the data line**

* Use [74AHCT125](https://www.onzuu.com/search/74AHCT125)/[74HCT14](https://www.onzuu.com/search/74HCT14) powered at 5 V. These read 3.0–3.3 V as HIGH and output clean 5 V.
* Add ~330 Ω series resistor on DATA near the strip.
* Put a ~1000 µF cap across strip 5 V/GND at the connector.

**Connections**

MCU (3.3V) ──> 74AHCT125 IN      74AHCT125 Vcc=5V
74AHCT125 OUT ──> LED DATA
GND (MCU) ────────┐
LED GND ──────────┴─ (common ground)

**Important rules for addressable strips**

* Common ground is mandatory.
* Don’t send data when strip power is OFF (tri-state the pin or keep the buffer disabled) to avoid back-feeding.
* Size the PSU: WS2812 ≈ 60 mA/LED at full-white → I_max ≈ 0.06 A × LED_count (choose PSU ≥ 1.2× that).

**Quick [Arduino](https://www.ampheo.com/c/development-board-arduino) examples**

**Low-side MOSFET ON/OFF (Case 1)**

const int MOSFET = 5; // gate pin
void setup(){ pinMode(MOSFET, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(MOSFET, LOW); } // off
void loop(){
  digitalWrite(MOSFET, HIGH); // on
  delay(3000);
  digitalWrite(MOSFET, LOW);  // off
  delay(3000);
}

**Addressable strip (Case 2)**

* Power strip from 5 V through high-side switch.
* DATA from [MCU](https://www.ampheoelec.de/c/microcontrollers) → 74AHCT125 → strip DIN, with 330 Ω series.
* Use your LED library (FastLED/Adafruit_NeoPixel). Ensure the pin is input/LOW before power-up and when powered-down.

**Sizing & safety checklist**

* PSU current: compute worst-case (see 60 mA/LED rule).
* MOSFET: pick logic-level with low R_DS(on) at V_GS = 3 V; current ≥ strip max, with margin.
* Caps: 0.1 µF per segment if you can, and at least one 100–1000 µF at the strip input.
* Wiring: keep power and return thick & short; twist +5V/GND for long runs; inject power at multiple points for long strips.