PHRM7021 Group 3 (modified)

# PHRM7021 Module 1 Tutorial Group: ==3== Presenters: ==Jonathon Beck & Jamie Jackson== [PHRM7021](/@alacaze/H1IzgtBbS/edit)  --- # Citation of the Paper Waddell JJ, Semciw AI. Research confidence, interest and experience of an Australian hospital pharmacy population. Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research. 2019;49(3):212-8. --- ## What Need Did the Researchers Identify? * The launch of the National Translational Research Collaborative in 2017 has resulted in renewed interest in research within the Australian hospital pharmacy workforce. * Minimal evidence exists to highlight the research experience and / or attitudes towards research of Australian hospital pharmacists. --- ## What Need Did the Researchers Identify? * Peak national body (SHPA) push / interest in the area of pharmacists in research. * Introduction of capacity building initiatives (QLD public hospital system) that include research positions for pharmacists. --- ## What is the Aim of the Study? The aim of the study was to evaluate the level of research interest, confidence and experience of pharmacists in a hospital setting in Australia. --- ## What is the Focused Research Question? What is the current research interest, confidence and experience of Australian hospital pharmacy population? --- <section style="text-align: left;">  ## **Methods** - PICOT **P** – 67 pharmacists employed in the QLD public (teaching) hospital system (34% response rate), with no exclusion criteria. **I** – Cross-sectional (one point in time), secure, web-based survey. **C** – Nil. **O** – Despite high levels of interest in research, significantly low levels of confidence and experience. **T** – 2 months to participate in survey. --- ### Survey (4 sections): - Participant information and consent - Demographics and work qualifications/experience - Adapted ‘Research Spider’ tool to evaluate research experience on 10 research-related tasks. - Participant’s perceptions of research in pharmacy, level of support available, previous exposure and barriers. --- ### Statistical analysis: - Data evaluated using non-parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA) - Relationships and demographic variables explored with multilinear regression. --- ## **Critical Analysis: Strengths** * The identification of the research experience, confidence and / or attitudes towards research of Australian hospital pharmacists may assist to develop strategies and initiatives to build upon the populations’ research capacity in future (possibly links to the aim). --- ## **Critical Analysis: Strengths** * Though the study population was small, (71 pharmacists) the demographics of the study population were broadly similar to those of pharmacists registered in Australia. * The study was conducted in multiple sites (five hospitals); all with differing characteristics eg; tertiary hospital VS rural hospital. --- ## **Critical Analysis: Limitations** * It is a subjective need open to interpretation and personal bias. * Some pharmacists may wish to participate in research however, not have the resources to do so. --- ## **Critical Analysis: Limitations** * Focus question has too many parts to it (not very focused), i.e. * What is the research interest? * What is the research confidence? * What is the current research experience? * Difficult to assess all three research questions with one questionnaire --- ## **Critical Analysis: Methods** - Research question states ‘Australian hospital pharmacy population’ but only ONE state studied and no international comparators. - Private hospitals and pharmacy technicians excluded. - Survey response rate 34% - representative of overall population of interest? --- ## **Critical Analysis: Methods** - Self-evaluations susceptible to measurement bias. - Rating results subjective to reader interpretation. - Some survey questions and responses did not answer research question. - Re-classifying responses post-survey may contribute to publication bias. ---