:::warning # PRESENT PERFECT ::: FORM : Present tense of HAVE + Past Participle The **Present Perfect** is used to speak about: - Actions that happened at an **unspecific** time in the past - Actions that **started in the past** and **continued to the present** - **Change over time** - **Past experiences** (at an **unspecific time**) __USE:__ - Things you have done in your life: - Have you ever been to Mexico ? - I've tried sushi before. Have you ? - He's lived in many different countries. - Number of times you have done something: - I've been to Paris three times. - How many times have you tried to call her ? - I've said it before and I'll say it again... - Recently completed actions which are important now: - I have some bad news. I've lost my job. - Mam isn't here. She's gone to the shop. - I can't play football tonight -- I've hurt my leg. - Situations that started in the past and are still true: - I've known James for 4 or 5 years. - She's been the director of that company since 2007. - Have you lived in Ireland all your life ? - Used with key words - yet, still, just, already, ever, never: - Have you finished your studies yet ? - I still haven't found my keys. Have you seen them ? - Can we watch another film ? I've already seen that one. __NOTE:__ - Present perfect simple never refers to an action that happened at a specific time in the past - I've been to France. __NOT:__ _I've been to France in 2008_ **Examples:** - I have been to Germany. ( It happened in the past; it is not referring to a specific trip ) - Our friend has lived in Berlin for 6 months. ( She started living there in the past, and she is still living there ) - Berlin has gotten more expensive. ( Change over time ) - I have been to Brandenburger Tor. ( An experience at an unspecific time ) - I **have** (I've) sent all the e-mails. - We **have not sent** any e-mails. - **Have** you sent all the e-mails? - **Hasn't** she sent the e-mails?