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# NUMBERS
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English number words include numerals and various words derived from them, as well as a large number of words borrowed from other languages.

> [color=#327faa]
> - [Cardinal Numbers](##CARDINAL-NUMBERS)
> - [Ordinal Numbers](##ORDINAL-NUMBERS)
> - [Phonetic Transcription of English Numbers](##PHONETIC)

:::warning
__CARDINAL NUMBERS__
Cardinal numbers refer to the size of a group. In English, these words are numerals.
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If a number is in the range 21 to 99, and the second digit is not zero, the number is typically written as two words separated by a hyphen(-)[twenty-one].

> Cardinal numbers from 1 through 1,000,000
> __TABLE OF CARDINAL NUMBERS__
> [color=#327faa]

| N | word | N | word | N | word | N | word |
| --- | ----- | --- | --------- | --- | ------------ | --------- | -------------- |
| 1 | one | 11 | eleven | 21 | twenty-one | 31 | thirty-one |
| 2 | two | 12 | twelve | 22 | twenty-two | 40 | forty |
| 3 | three | 13 | thirteen | 23 | twenty-three | 50 | fifty |
| 4 | four | 14 | fourteen | 24 | twenty-four | 60 | sixty |
| 5 | five | 15 | fifteen | 25 | twenty-five | 70 | seventy |
| 6 | six | 16 | sixteen | 26 | twenty-six | 80 | eighty |
| 7 | seven | 17 | seventeen | 27 | twenty-seven | 90 | ninety |
| 8 | eight | 18 | eighteen | 28 | twenty-eight | 100 | a/one hundred |
| 9 | nine | 19 | nineteen | 29 | twenty-nine | 1,000 | a/one thousand |
| 10 | ten | 20 | twenty | 30 | thirty | 1,000,000 | a/one million |

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__SEPARATION BETWEEN HUNDREDS(100) AND TENS(10)__
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Hundreds and tens are usually separated by 'and' (in American English 'and' is not necessary)

110 - one hundred ___and___ ten
1,250 - one thousand, two hundred ___and___ fifty
2,001 - two thousand ___and___ one

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__HUNDREDS__
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Use 100 with __a__ or __one__
100 - __a__ hundred / __one__ hundred

__a__ can only stand at the beginning of a number.

100 - __a__ hundred / __one__ hundred
2,100 - two thousand, __one__ hundred

Use commas(,) as a separator:
506,422,013,223

:::info
__SINGULAR OR PLURAL__
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Numbers are usually written in singular.

___two hundred Euros
several thousand light years___

The plural is only used with __dozen, hundred, thousand, million, billion,__ if they are __not__ modified by another number or expression (e.g. a few / several).

__hundreds__ of Euros
__thousands__ of light years

---
:::warning
__ORDINAL NUMBERS__
Ordinal numbers refer to a position in a series. Common ordinals include:
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> __TABLE OF ORDINAL NUMBERS__
> [color=#327faa]

| N | word | N | word | N | word | N | word |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1st | first | 11th | eleventh | 21st | twenty-first | 31st | thirty-first |
| 2nd | second | 12th | twelfth | 22nd | twenty-second | 40th | fortieth |
| 3rd | third | 13th | thirteenth | 23rd | twenty-third | 50th | fiftieth |
| 4th | fourth | 14th | fourteenth | 24th | twenty-fourth | 60th | sixtieth |
| 5th | fifth | 15th | fifteenth | 25th | twenty-fifth | 70th | seventieth |
| 6th | sixth | 16th | sixteenth | 26th | twenty-sixth | 80th | eightieth |
| 7th | seventh | 17th | seventeenth | 27th | twenty-seventh | 90th | ninetieth |
| 8th | eighth | 18th | eighteenth | 28th | twenty-eighth | 100th | one hundredth |
| 9th | ninth | 19th | nineteenth | 29th | twenty-ninth | 1,000th | one thousandth |
| 10th | tenth | 20th | twentieth | 30th | thirtieth | 1,000,000th | one millionth |

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__FORM__
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Spelling of Ordinal Numbers
Just add __th__ to the cardinal number:

There are only __fir'st', seco'nd' and thi'rd'__ differs ( first, second, third ) others with __th__ ending ( four'th', fif'th', six'th' )

__four - fourth
eleven - eleventh__

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:::spoiler __EXCEPTIONS__

| --- | --- | --- |
| ---------- | ------- | ---- |
| __one__ | first | 1st |
| __two__ | second | 2nd |
| __three__ | third | 3rd |
| __five__ | fifth | 5th |
| __eight__ | eighth | 8th |
| __nine__ | ninth | 9th |
| __twelve__ | twelfth | 12th |

In compound ordinal numbers, note that only the last figure is written as an ordinal number
: - _421st_ = ___four hundred and twenty-first___
- _5,111th_ = ___five thousand, one hundred and eleventh___
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:::info
__FIGURES__
:::
When expressed as figures, the last two letters of the written word are added to the ordinal number
: Example:
| --- | --- |
| --------------------- | ----- |
| __first__ | 1st |
| __second__ | 2nd |
| __third__ | 3rd |
| __fourth__ | 4th |
| __twenty-sixth__ | 26th |
| __hundred and first__ | 101st |

:::info
__TITLES__
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  In names for kings and queens, ordinal numbers are written in Roman numbers. In spoken English, the definite article is used before the ordinal number:

__Charles II -- Charles the Second
Edward VI -- Edward the Sixth
Henry VIII -- Henry the Eighth__

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__PHONETIC__
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:::info
__PHONE NUMBERS__
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Each figure is said separately
: - 24 - two four

The figure 'O' is called oh
: - 105 - one oh five

Pause after groups of 3 or 4 figures (last group)
: - 376 4705 - three seven six, four seven oh five

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If two successive figures are the same, in British English [BE] you would usually use the word double (in American English [AE] you would just say the figure twice)
:::
- __376 4775 -- BE: _three seven six, four double seven five___
- __376 4775 -- AE: _three seven six, four seven seven five___

NOTE:
: - __BE__ - British English
- __AE__ - American English

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__ZERO__
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- __nought__ -- in general (British English [BE])
- __zero__ -- in general (American English [AE])
- in measurements of temperature (British and American English)
- in count-downs (British and American English)
- score in team games, e.g. football (American English)
- __oh__ - when each figure is said separately (e.g. in phone numbers, account numbers etc.)
- __nil__ - score in team games, e.g. football (British English)

:::info
__SYMBOLS AND PUNCTUATION MARKS__
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| Sym | Name | Sym | Name | Sym | Name | Sym | Name |
|:---:| ------------- |:---:| -------------- |:---:| ---------- | --- | ---------------- |
| + | plus | % | percent | & | and | ? | question mark |
| - | minus | 37° | degree | @ | at | ! | exclamation mark |
| x | multiplied by | √ | square root | -- | dash | () | parentheses |
| / | divided by | . | full stop(dot) | * | asterisk | "" | quotation marks |
| = | equals | ~ | similar to | , | comma | ; | semicolon |
| > | greater than | < | less than | ' | apostrophe | : | colon |

---

$$ 2,627,102\ two\ million,\ six\ hundred\ and\ twenty\ seven\ thousand,\ one\ hundred\ and\ two$$

$$ 36.7^\circ \ thirty\ six\ point\ seven\ degrees\ Celsius$$

$$ \frac{5}{5}\ \ five\ fifths$$

$$ \frac{4}{5}\ \ four\ fifths$$

$$ 1\frac{2}{3}\ one\ and\ two\ thirds$$

$$ 20\%\ twenty\ \ percent\ $$

$$ 20m\ x\ 10m\ twenty\ meters\ by\ ten\ meters$$

$$ 4.5\ four\ point\ five,\ \ 10.3\ ten\ point\ three$$

$$ 4^2\ four\ squared,\ \ 5^2\ five\ squared$$

$$ 6^3\ six\ cubed,\ \ 5^3\ five\ cubed$$

$$ 8^4\ eight\ to\ the\ power\ of\ four$$

$$ 6^8\ six\ to\ the\ power\ of\ eight$$

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# $$3^4 - and - A^n$$

| 3^4 | HOW TO SAY |
| -------- |:-------------------------------- |
| Full: | Three raised to the fourth power |
| OR: | Three raised the power of four |
| Short: | Three to the fourth power |
| OR: | Three to the power of four |
| Shorter: | Three to the four |
| --- | --- |
| __A^n__ | __HOW TO SAY__ |
| Full: | A raised to the n-th power |
| OR: | A raised to the power of n |
| Short: | A to the n-th power |
| OR: | A to the power of n |
| Shorter: | A to the n |

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#### USEFUL LINKS:

- [Number generator](https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/vocabulary/numbers/generator)

#### SOURCES:

> [ego4u](https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/vocabulary/numbers)
> [wikipedia](https://www.wikiwand.com/en/English_numerals)