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# System prepended metadata

title: 'Mutual Credits, Time Banking, and Complimentary Currencies'

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# Mutual Credits, Time Banking, and Complimentary Currencies

* [Rasmusen, E. (1988). Mutual banks and stock banks. The Journal of Law and Economics, 31(2), 395-421.](https://www.rasmusen.org/published/88JLEC.mutual.pdf)
* [Kiyotaki, N., & Wright, R. (1989). On money as a medium of exchange. Journal of political Economy, 97(4), 927-954.](http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/cs286r/courses/fall09/papers/money.pdf)
* [Stodder, J. (2000, August). Reciprocal exchange networks: Implications for macroeconomic stability. In Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE Engineering Management Society. EMS-2000 (Cat. No. 00CH37139) (pp. 540-545). IEEE.](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/James-Stodder/publication/3865893_Reciprocal_exchange_networks_implications_for_macroeconomic_stability/links/0c960528539d949c98000000/Reciprocal-exchange-networks-implications-for-macroeconomic-stability.pdf)
* [Lietaer, B. (2004). Complementary currencies in Japan today: History, originality and relevance. International Journal of Community Currency Research, 8(1), 1-23.](https://natcapsolutions.org/LASER/LASER_Japanese-Complementary-Currencies.pdf)
* [Lascelles, C. (2006). Complementary currencies: Mutual credit currency systems and the challenge of globalization. Duke University Unpublished, 1-12.](https://sites.duke.edu/djepapers/files/2016/10/Lascelles.pdf)
* [Colacelli, M., & Blackburn, D. J. (2009). Secondary currency: An empirical analysis. Journal of monetary economics, 56(3), 295-308.](http://kevinparcell.net/About/SecondaryCurrency.pdf)
* [Ozanne, L. K. (2010). Learning to exchange time: Benefits and obstacles to time banking.](https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10092/3793/12621166_IJCCR_Ozanne.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
* [Lasker, J., Collom, E., Bealer, T., Niclaus, E., Young Keefe, J., Kratzer, Z., ... & Perlow, K. (2011). Time banking and health: the role of a community currency organization in enhancing well-being. Health promotion practice, 12(1), 102-115.](http://www.mitimebanks.org/wp-content/uploads/timebanking-and-health-report.pdf)
* [Kristjanson, P., Mango, N., Krishna, A., Radeny, M., & Johnson, N. (2010). Understanding poverty dynamics in Kenya. Journal of international development, 22(7), 978-996.](https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/368/Kristjanson_etal_Understanding_Poverty_Dynamics_Kenya_JID.pdf?sequence=2)
* [Ruddick, W. (2011). Eco-Pesa: an evaluation of a complementary currency programme in Kenya’s informal settlements. International Journal of Community Currency Research, 15(A), 1-12.](https://www.academia.edu/29711855/Eco_Pesa_An_Evaluation_of_a_Complementary_Currency_Programme_in_Kenya_s_Informal_Settlements)
* [King, R. (2013) ‘Kenyan authorities are mistaking a new local currency for a separatist movement’. Quartz Magazine.](http://qz.com/92790)
* [Dittmer, K. (2013). Local currencies for purposive degrowth? A quality check of some proposals for changing money-as-usual. Journal of Cleaner Production, 54, 3-13.](https://www.academia.edu/5890264/Local_currencies_for_purposive_degrowth_A_quality_check_of_some_proposals_for_changing_money_as_usual_JOURNAL_VERSION_)
* [Bendell, J. (2014) ‘How collaborative credit can heal – rather than just disrupt – capitalism: Collaborative credit systems such as time banks can help bring about positive transformation within the economy’, in The Guardian, 3rd July](https://www.theguardian.com/media-network/media-network-blog/2014/jul/03/collaborative-credit-heal-capitalism)
* [Reito, F., & Spagano, S. (2014). A Comparison between Formal and Informal Mutual‐credit Arrangements. The Developing Economies, 52(2), 179-201.](https://www.academia.edu/13054504/A_Comparison_between_Formal_and_Informal_Mutual_credit_Arrangements)
* [Ruddick, W. O., Richards, M. A., & Bendell, J. (2015). Complementary currencies for sustainable development in Kenya: the case of the Bangla-Pesa. International Journal of Community Currency Research, 19, 18-30.](https://ijccr.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/ijccr-2015-ruddick-et-al.pdf)
* [Kim, S. M., Lough, B., & Wu, C. F. (2016). The conditions and strategies for success of local currency movements. Local Economy, 31(3), 344-358.](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Benjamin-Lough/publication/298795744_The_conditions_and_strategies_for_success_of_local_currency_movements/links/59db73d2aca272ab722b744e/The-conditions-and-strategies-for-success-of-local-currency-movements.pdf)
* [Collom, E., & Lasker, J. N. (2016). Equal time, equal value: Community currencies and time banking in the US. Routledge.](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277709163_Equal_Time_Equal_Value_Community_Currencies_and_Time_Banking_in_the_US)
* [Valor Martínez, C., & Papaoikonomou, E. (2016). Time banking in Spain. Exploring their structure, management and users profile.](https://repositorio.comillas.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11531/6701/Valor,%20Papaoikonomou,%202016%20RIS.pdf?sequence=1)
* [Telalbasic, I. (2017). Redesigning the Concept of Money: a service design perspective on complementary currency systems. Journal of Design, Business & Society, 3(1), 21-44.](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c69b/c1f3ff5aab843e6b3f115fd9eea4249a80a8.pdf)
* [Zhan, Y. (2019). Local currency networks in rural communities in Africa: a feasibility study of blockchain based community currency. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 36.](https://w4ra.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Msc-Thesis-Yzhan-Final.pdf)
* [Zeller, S. (2020). Economic advantages of community currencies. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 13(11), 271.](https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13110271)
* [Fleischman, T., Dini, P., & Littera, G. (2020). Liquidity-saving through obligation-clearing and mutual credit: An effective monetary innovation for SMEs in times of crisis. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 13(12), 295.](https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13120295)
* [Barinaga, E., Honzawa, A., Ocampo, J., Raffaelli, P., & Ussher, L. (2021). Commons-based monies for an inclusive and resilient future. In Climate Adaptation: Accounts of Resilience, Self-Sufficiency and Systems Change (pp. 301-321). Arkbound.](https://drive.google.com/file/d/16GNTHqnswJnN223oVGENJ0Li2saufx9H/view)
* [Ussher, L., Ebert, L., Gómez, G. M., & Ruddick, W. O. (2021). Complementary Currencies for Humanitarian Aid. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14(11), 557.](https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14110557)
* [Ramabaja, L. (2022). Hypersyn: A Peer-to-Peer System for Mutual Credit. arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.04049.](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2206.04049.pdf) &mdash; Just focus on the first part, the second part is specifically a technical description of their protocol.
* Kuika Watat, J., & Ruddick, W. O. (2022). Creating endogenous growth: introducing community inclusion currencies within rural communities. In International Working Conference on Transfer and Diffusion of IT (pp. 346-352). Springer, Cham. &mdash; need to get link from Will.
* [Gelleri, C. (2022). Creating Monetary Collaborative Spaces for Social and Ecological Transformation. Sustainability, 14(23), 15528.](https://doi.org/10.3390/su142315528)

## Mutual Aid Networks

* [Yasmeen, G. (1991). Mutual aid networks in two feminist housing co-operatives in Montreal.](https://escholarship.mcgill.ca/concern/theses/3j333333m)
* [Avalos, D. (2019). Mutual aid networks: Informal shop floor organizing among Mexican migrant construction workers in San Diego. Socius, 5, 2378023119828549.](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.1177/2378023119828549)
* [Black, J., Chattopadhyay, S., & Chisholm, R. (2020). Solidarity in times of social distancing: migrants, mutual aid, and COVID-19. Interface, 21(1), 182-198.](https://web.archive.org/web/20201031161402/https://www.interfacejournal.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Black-Chisholm-Chattopadhyay-1.pdf)
* [Moraes, C., Santos, J., & Assis, M. P. (2020). " We Are in Quarantine but Caring Does Not Stop": Mutual Aid as Radical Care in Brazil. Feminist Studies, 46(3), 639-652.](https://doi.org/10.1353/fem.2020.0048)
* [Davis, S. W., & Fayter, R. (2021). Mutual aid as abolitionist praxis. Citizenship Studies, 25(2), 162-165.](https://www.academia.edu/45129015/Mutual_aid_as_abolitionist_praxis?from=cover_page)
* [Campbell, A. (2021). When all we have is each other: failures of the current human rights framework to address structural oppression & the transformative potential of mutual aid networks (Master's thesis).](http://hdl.handle.net/1993/35491)
* [Lujan, M. P. M. (2022). Mutual Aid Networks in Asian American Communities.](https://scholarworks.calstate.edu/concern/projects/h989r9014)
* [Yu, Z., Treré, E., & Bonini, T. (2022). The emergence of algorithmic solidarity: unveiling mutual aid practices and resistance among Chinese delivery workers. Media International Australia, 183(1), 107-123.](https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878X221074793)
* [Dozono, T. (2022). Mutual Aid, Cooperatives, and Abolition: Reimagining Economics through, for, and of Racially Marginalized Communities. Annals of Social Studies Education Research for Teachers, 3(1), 41-49.](https://doi.org/10.29173/assert37)
* [Swann, T. (2022). ‘Anarchist technologies’: Anarchism, cybernetics and mutual aid in community responses to the COVID-19 crisis. Organization, 13505084221090632.](https://doi.org/10.1177/13505084221090632)