英文小蛋糕 - 分詞

# 英文小蛋糕 - 分詞 ###### tags: `多益考試`, `英文小蛋糕`,`閱讀單字文法單選題` ## 分詞 - 基本 * 分詞－可以當作形容詞 * 現在分詞：Ving(主動) * 過去分詞：p.p.(被動) * 分詞當作形容詞可以放在名詞前面或後面(修飾名詞) * 可以放在beV或是連綴動詞後面 * **記住** 連綴動詞 * 保持 remain/keep/stay * 變成 get/become/turn/go * 覺得 find (I find the movie interesting.) * 感官 feel/look/sound/feed/tast * ...(空格)... 兩側看有沒有動詞 * 有:考分詞 * 無:考時態 * 停止點:「.」「,」「;」「連」「連副」「that」 ## 分詞構句 * 定義規則 * 利用分詞組成的句子 * 帶有連接詞的句子地位低 * S+V的主詞不見的話，動詞要+ing * 連 + S1 + V1, S2 + V2 => V1ing, S2+V2 * 句首的分詞構句 * 主詞不見時，動詞會+ing;若是BeV則變成being，且省略 * If(連) it(先) is distributed widely, the flyer(先) will attract more customers. => (Being) distributed widely, the flyer will attract more customers. * 分詞構句連續動作 * S1+V1 and S2+V2表連續動作(有先後關係)，且S1=S2時可做變化 => S1+V1,V2ing (刪除and和S2,V+ing) * He(先) called me last night and(連) he(先) told me a secret. => He called me last night, telling me a secret. * 考題：空格前方逗點，逗點前有完整句子，且空格的動詞可搭配前面完整句子的主詞 => 空格=Ving * 分詞構句同時發生 (出現機率低) * S1+V1 and S2+V2同時發生，且S1!=S2 => S1+V1 with S2(受詞) Ving/p.p.(刪除and,V+ing+with) * 受詞和V的關係決定ing or pp * He arrived at the office and(連) ++his umbrella was dripping water on the ground++(低地位). (He!=his umbrella) => He arrived at the office **with** his umbrella (being) dripping water on the ground. * He was sitting on the chair and his eyes were closed. => He was sitting on the chair with his eyes closed. * 考題 * 選項是動詞，空格在句首，中間有逗點：...Ving, S+V * 連接詞還原 * 連接詞又是**介系詞(+N/Ving)**:**when,while,before,after**,(少)if/although的情況要保留 * (介)when/while + Ving * (介)before/after + N/Ving * **When** I feel stressed, I always listen to some music. => **When** feeling stressed, I always listen to some music. (when又是連接詞又是介系詞，保留) * After I took a shower, I went to bed. => **After** taking a shower, I went to bed. * When I am faced with difficulties, I always ask for help. => **When** (Being) faced with difficulties, I always ask for help. * When * 搭配形式 * when + S+V * when + Ving, S * when + p.p., S * 考題:When + Ving/p.p.,S(看,後面的S跟選項動詞的關係是主動或被動) * When confronted with hard situations, I always feel frustrated. * When entering the museum, you have to have your bags checked by the security. * When talking to others, ++be sure to maintain eye contact++(原型動詞開頭=祈使句=you). * 情緒動詞:**interest,bore,excite** * 轉分詞規則 * 情緒動詞**ing**:令人感到...(給外界的感受)-修飾人或物 * The movie is boing. * The teacher is boing. * 情緒動詞**ed**:內心感到...(內心的情緒感受)-修飾人 * I feel bored. * 使役動詞 * make+受詞+Rv(主動)/p.p.(被動) * My mom make me learn Japanese. * have+受詞+Rv(主動)/p.p.(被動) * I had my hair cut(p.p.) yesterday. * get+受詞+to Rv(主動)/p.p.(被動) * We have to get the project done today. * let+受詞+Rv(主動)/be p.p.(被動) * Please let me go. * help+受詞+Rv/to Rv(任選) * I helped my mother (to) clean the kitchen. ## 解題 1. The 5-star hotel in this city provides personal service with careful attention to even the smallest detail, ++guaranteeing++ that guest have a relaxing and comfortable stay. * 客製化 personal service = customized = tailor-made * attemtion **to** * 保證 guarantee = assure(+人) = ensure(+事) 2. A user's manual of this machine will **be provided with** the **package(主詞)** ++delivered++ to your office by 2 p.m. tomorrow. * manual * (n)手冊 manual(步驟類的手冊:說明書) = brochure(介紹類手冊:導覽簡介) * (a)手動的 manual / 自動的 automatic * 參考 refer to = consult (+人:諮詢) * plz refer to/consult the manual * refer to 參考/談論 * provide * provide 人 with 物 (主動用法) * provide 物 for 人 (主動用法) 3. The heads of the accounting department convened yesterday after to discuss how to **get(使役動詞:to Rv/p.p.)** the employees fully ++motivated++ to complete tasks in a timely manner. * head = supervisor * 商討,研討 convened * 會議 convention * in a timely manner * 方法,態度 manner * 用...態度 **in** ... manner * 禮儀 manner**s** * 餐桌禮儀 table manners 4. Although Sandy Debrah has only worked at the company for 2 months she has already proved to all the other coworkers and supervisors that **[** she can still manage to complete tasks **]** even when ++confronted++ with stressful situations. * 設法 manage to Rv * 證明 prove * 核可 approve of * 否決 disapprove * 面臨遭遇 confront with/by 5. Many movie goers **found(連綴動詞)** the director's latest movie ++inspiring++ despite the face that some critics maintain that the plot is not creative. * 即使,儘管 (介)despite = inspite of * (介) + ++N/Ving++ or ++the fact that S+V++ * 評論家 (n) critics = criticism * (a) critical 重要的 = important = nessesary = vital = essential = indispensable(不可或缺的) = compulsory(強制的) = mandatory(義務的) * 保持(連綴動詞) / **堅持** maintain = keep = stay * 劇情 plot 6. Some experts believe that many of the tax breaks ++provided++ to strengthen the domestic traditional industried **should be** canceled once the new administration takes off. * 稅務減免 tax breaks * or ++prividing for++ * 加強 strengthen = reinforce * 國內的 domestic * 起飛(=掌權) take off 7. Even though the product's ++patent negotiations++(物) **were** ++exhausting++ and time-consuming, both companies are quit satisfied with the final contract terms. * 專利 patent * 耗時的 time-consuming 8. Customers who are unable to install the software into the computer should comint contact with the technical support hotline **after(介)** ++consulting++ the manual. * after是介系詞也是連接詞 * 連接詞 + S+V * 介系詞 + 分詞(Ving/p.p.) * 參考 consulte * (n)consultation * 諮詢師 consultant * 安裝 (v)install * 安裝 (n)installation * 分期付款 installment * come into(介) contact(n要+介) **with** * Plz. contact(v不能加介) me! 9. An information seminar **will be held** by the bank next week for **clients(主詞)** ++planning++ to open registered retirement saving accounts. * account * 開戶 open ... accounts * 關閉戶頭 close ... accounts * 存錢/押金 **deposit** * 領錢 with draw * 轉帳 remit 10. Those employee ++requesting++ **transfer** to an overseas branch must submit their application form for relocation by the end of this week. * 公司 * 母公司 parent company * 子公司 subsidiary * 總公司 headquarter**s** (單數) * 分公司 branch * 加盟 franchinse 11. ++Arriving++ at the conference room very late, Mr. Bartin apologized to the CEO and other keynote speakers **before(連)** he began his presentation. * arrive at(小規模)/in(大:城鎮) * apologize * apologize to 人 * apologize for 事 12. ++Gaining++ the approval for funds from the general manager **, the project will be(,S+V)** put into practice starting from next Monday. * 總經理 general manager * 付諸行動,實施 put into practice * **實施(v)**/工具(n) implement = execute = carry out = embark on(聽力常出現) * get on the train = embark on the train 13. ++Delighted++ **by** the drastic increase in sales this quarter, the CEO has decided to give bonuses to everyone in the sales department. * 取悅 delight = happy * 急遽攀升 drastic increase * 急遽的 drastic = dramatic = sharp = significant * increase in(領域)/by(差距%) 14. ++Faced++ with global financial crisis, the autority concern**ed** has to come up with a plan to deal with the potential problems that may occur in the near future. * 經濟危機 financial crisis * 不景氣 (economic)depression = recession * deal with * 處理 = solve = do with = handle = tackle * 交往 = get along with 15. Although fully ++completed++, the manuscript still won't be published until the editor-in-chief is quite certain that there are no more error in it. * 手稿 manuscript 16. ++Having++, terminated the rental contract at Regent Fancy, Orange Design Co. was able to relocate to a more convenient place. * have 在當分詞構句的句首時，一定只能用Having * 租賃契約 retal contract = lease ## 補充 * find-found-found 找到 * found-founded-founded 設立 * exist(v) - existence(n) 存在 * extinct 滅絕/消滅 * unemployment 失業 * 為了 * To Rv * in order to Rv * so as to Rv (不能放句首) * with view to Ving * authority concerned 專責機構 * authority 機關機構/權限/專家 * start-up company 新創公司 * transmit 傳輸/感染 * help + Rv/to Rv * mental illnesses 心理疾病 * stay informed about/of * value (n)價值 (v)重視 * valued client 被重視的客戶 * valuable (adj)價值連城 (n)值錢的東西 * invaluable (adj) = valuable 價值連城 * electronic safes 保險箱 * have no choice but to 不得不...只好 * have no/little choice/alternative but to * can't help Ving * can't but Rv * can't help but Rv * distribute 分發,發送 * distribution (n) * flyer 傳單 * be faced with 面對,面臨到 * cut-cut-cut