# Milestone 04/01-05/01

* Which are the goals of this milestone? __Gonçalo__
* What is the semantic web, and where does the “semantics” reside? __Gonçalo__
* __FEITO__ Which ontologies have you found for your domain? __Fábio__
* What ontology have you adopted and why? (Advantages and drawbacks)
* __FEITO__ Describe the steps taken to build your ontology: __Susana__
* relevant classes;
* object properties and data properties;
* restrictions based on properties.
* __FEITO__ How have you populated your ontology? (Strategy, tools used…) - __Ana__
* What queries have you implemented? - __Todos__
* include SPARQL code and results.
* __FEITO__ Evaluate the semantic web tools used. __Susana__
* which tasks were easier to do? Which where more difficult?
* Discuss the quality of the results. __Subentendido__
* **FEITO** Discuss the advantages and limitations of semantic web tools compared to the previous information retrieval tools, using examples/scenarios considering your domain. __Ana__
* Anticipate applications of the ontology in your domain . __Fábio__

---

1. __FEITO__ Separar Size em Width + Height, atualizar as regras e o .owl __Fábio__
2. __FEITO__ Search a painting for its name, date, artist, size, type,school, description. - Return a list of paintings filtered with the desired parameters. __Fábio__
3. __FEITO__ Search an artist for its name, date and place of birthand death, paintings, biography. - Return a list of artists filtered with the desired parameters. __Fábio__
4. __FEITO?__ Check the evolution of an artist’s paintings’ thematics over time. - Return a list of paintings that belong to an artist ordered by years when the paintings were made. This allows to see the diversificat ion in thematics over the years of an artist. __Ana__
5. __FEITO?__ Given an artist show others related to them by country,style and/or time.- Return all artists who have somethingin common with a given artist. __Susana__
6. __FEITO__ Given a school show the artists with the most paintings.-Return a list of artists who did more paintings over timeat a given school __Gonçalo__

### Deadline: 28/12
----
* Pensar em + queries __TODOS__
* Fazer relatório __TODOS__

### Queries

* 1

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX : <http://www.semanticweb.org/susana/ontologies/2020/11/untitled-ontology-17#>

SELECT ?title
WHERE { 
	?artwork a 	:Artwork ;
		:Title ?title ;
		:Date ?date ;
		:createdBy ?artist ;
		:has ?height, ?width ;
		:isOfType ?type ;
		:isFrom ?school ;
		:Description ?description .
		 ?artist2  a 	:Artist ;
			:Name ?artistName .
		 ?height2 a	:Height ;
			:Size ?heightSize .
		 ?width2 a	:Width ;
			:Size ?widthSize .
		 ?type2 a	:Type ;
			:Name ?typeName .
		 ?school2 a	:School ;
			:Name ?schoolName .
	FILTER (
		(?title = "Adoration of the Magi") &&
		(?date = "1481") &&
		(?artist = ?artist2) && 
		(?artistName = "Leonardo da Vinci") &&
		(?height = ?height2) && 
		(?heightSize = "246") && 
		(?width = ?width2) && 
		(?widthSize = "243") && 
		(?type = ?type2) &&
		(?typeName = "religious") && 
		(?school = ?school2) && 
		(?schoolName = "Italian") &&
		regex(?description, "Early")
	)
}

* 2

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX : <http://www.semanticweb.org/susana/ontologies/2020/11/untitled-ontology-17#>

SELECT ?name
WHERE { 
	?artist a 	:Artist ;
		:Name ?name ;
		:Biography ?biography ;
		:wasBornOn ?birthPlace ;
		:diedOn ?deathPlace ;
		:DateOfBirth ?birthDate ;
		:DateOfDeath ?deathDate .
		 ?location2 a	:Location ;
				:Name ?birthLocationName .
		 ?location3 a	:Location ;
				:Name ?deathLocationName .
	{
	    	SELECT ?artist2 ?paintingTitle (group_concat(?paintingTitle;separator="|") as ?paintingTitles)
	    	WHERE {
		 	?paintings a 	:Artwork ;
					:Title ?paintingTitle ;
					:createdBy ?artist2
	  	}
		GROUP BY ?artist2 ?paintingTitle
	}
	FILTER (
		(?name = "Giovanni Bilivert") &&
		(?birthPlace = ?location2) &&
		(?birthLocationName= "Florence") &&
		(?deathPlace = ?location3) &&
		(?deathLocationName= "Florence") &&
		(?birthDate= "1585-08-25") &&
		(?deathDate= "1644-07-16") &&
		regex(?biography, "Italian painter") &&
		(?artist = ?artist2) &&
		regex(?paintingTitles, "The Temptation")
	)
}

Check the evolution of an artist’s paintings’ thematics over time. - Return a list of paintings that belong to an artist ordered by years when the paintings were made. This allows to see the diversification in thematics over the years of an artist.

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX : <http://www.semanticweb.org/susana/ontologies/2020/11/untitled-ontology-17#>

SELECT ?artist ?artwork_title ?type ?date 
WHERE { 
   ?artwork a :Artwork ;
              :Title ?artwork_title ;
              :createdBy ?artist ;
              :isOfType ?type ;
              :Date ?date .
   ?artist a :Artist ;
             :Name ?artist_name .

   FILTER (?artist_name = "Leonardo Da Vinci")
}
ORDER BY ?date 

Given an artist show others related to them by country,style and/or time.- Return all artists who have somethingin common with a given artist.

* related by birth date

SELECT  ?nameRA ?dateOfBirthRA
WHERE
{
	 ?relatedArtist  a :Artist ;
	:DateOfBirth ?dateOfBirthRA;
	:Name ?nameRA;
	{
	    SELECT ?dateOfBirth ?name
	    wHERE {
		 ?art  a :Artist ;
		:DateOfBirth ?dateOfBirth;
		:Name ?name ;
		FILTER (?name = "Maso di Banco")
	  }
	}
	FILTER( ?nameRA != ?name && ?dateOfBirthRA = ?dateOfBirth)
}

* related by death date

SELECT  ?nameRA ?dateOfDeathRA
WHERE
{
	 ?relatedArtist  a :Artist ;
	:DateOfDeath ?dateOfDeathRA;
	:Name ?nameRA;
	{
	    SELECT ?dateOfDeath ?name
	    wHERE {
		 ?art  a :Artist ;
		:DateOfDeath ?dateOfDeath;
		:Name ?name ;
		FILTER (?name = "Maso di Banco")
	  }
	}
	FILTER( ?nameRA != ?name && ?dateOfDeathRA = ?dateOfDeath)
}

* related by birth place

SELECT  ?nameRA ?birthPlaceRA
WHERE
{
	 ?relatedArtist  a :Artist ;
	:wasBornOn ?birthPlaceRA;
	:Name ?nameRA;
	{
	    SELECT ?birthPlace ?name
	    wHERE {
		 ?art  a :Artist ;
		:wasBornOn ?birthPlace;
		:Name ?name ;
		FILTER (?name = "Maso di Banco")
	  }
	}
	FILTER( ?nameRA != ?name && ?birthPlaceRA = ?birthPlace)
}

* related by death place

SELECT  ?nameRA ?deathPlaceRA
WHERE
{
	 ?relatedArtist  a :Artist ;
	:diedOn ?deathPlaceRA;
	:Name ?nameRA;
	{
	    SELECT ?deathPlace ?name
	    wHERE {
		 ?art  a :Artist ;
		:diedOn ?deathPlace;
		:Name ?name ;
		FILTER (?name = "Maso di Banco")

	  }
	}
	FILTER( ?nameRA != ?name && ?deathPlaceRA = ?deathPlace)
}

* all

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX : <http://www.semanticweb.org/susana/ontologies/2020/11/untitled-ontology-17#>
SELECT  ?nameRA
WHERE
{
	 ?relatedArtist  a :Artist ;
	:DateOfDeath ?dateOfDeathRA ;
	:DateOfBirth ?dateOfBirthRA;
	:Name ?nameRA;
	:diedOn ?deathPlaceRA;
	:wasBornOn ?birthPlaceRA.
	{
	    SELECT ?name ?dateOfDeath ?dateOfBirth ?deathPlace ?birthPlace
	    wHERE {
		 ?art  a :Artist ;
		:DateOfDeath ?dateOfDeath;
		:DateOfBirth ?dateOfBirth;
		:Name ?name ;
	                  :diedOn ?deathPlace ;
		:wasBornOn ?birthPlace.
		FILTER (?name = "Maso di Banco")
	  }
	}
	FILTER( (?nameRA != ?name) && (?deathPlaceRA = ?deathPlace || ?birthPlaceRA = ?birthPlace ||  ?dateOfBirthRA = ?dateOfBirth || ?dateOfDeathRA = ?dateOfDeath ) )
}

Number of artpieces of each type, each year

SELECT ?type ?date (COUNT(?artwork) AS ?nr_artworks)
WHERE { 
   ?artwork a :Artwork . 
   ?artwork :isOfType ?type . 
   ?artwork :Date ?date .
}
GROUP BY ?date ?type
ORDER BY ?date

The most common type of artwork each year

SELECT ?type ?date ?max_artworks (COUNT(?artwork) AS ?nr_artworks)
WHERE {
	?artwork a :Artwork . 
	?artwork :isOfType ?type .
   	?artwork :Date ?date .
	{
		SELECT ?date (MAX(?nr_artworks) AS ?max_artworks)
		WHERE { 
			SELECT ?type ?date (COUNT(?art) AS ?nr_artworks)
			WHERE { 
   				?art a :Artwork . 
				?art :isOfType ?type .
   				?art :Date ?date .
			}
			GROUP BY ?date ?type
		}
		GROUP BY ?date 
	} . 
}
GROUP BY ?type ?date ?max_artworks
HAVING (COUNT(?artwork) = ?max_artworks)
ORDER BY ?date

The artists with the most paintings each year

SELECT ?artist ?date (COUNT(?artwork) AS ?nr_artworks)
WHERE {
	?artwork a :Artwork . 
	?artist a :Artist .
	?artwork :createdBy ?artist .
   	?artwork :Date ?date .
	{
		SELECT ?date (MAX(?nr_artworks) AS ?max_artworks)
		WHERE { 
			SELECT ?author ?date (COUNT(?art) AS ?nr_artworks)
			WHERE { 
   				?art a :Artwork . 
				?author a :Artist .
				?art :createdBy ?author .
   				?art :Date ?date .
			}
			GROUP BY ?date ?author
		}
		GROUP BY ?date 
	} . 
}
GROUP BY ?artist ?date ?max_artworks
HAVING (COUNT(?artwork) = ?max_artworks)
ORDER BY ?date

__5__ Given a school show the artists with the most paintings.-Return a list of artists who did more paintings over time at a given school

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX : <http://www.semanticweb.org/susana/ontologies/2020/11/untitled-ontology-17#>

SELECT ?year ( str(?max_artworks1) as ?max_artworks) ?artist WHERE {

{
    SELECT ?year ?artist  (MAX(?nr_artworks1) as ?max_artworks1) WHERE {
    SELECT ?artist (COUNT(?artwork1) as ?nr_artworks1) ?year
        WHERE {
            ?artwork1 a :Artwork;
            :Date ?year;
            :isFrom ?school1;
            :createdBy ?artist .
            ?school1 a :School; 
            :Name ?schoolName1
            FILTER (
                ?schoolName1 = "Italian"
            )
        }
    GROUP BY ?year ?artist
    ORDER BY DESC(?nr_artworks1)
    }

    GROUP BY ?year ?artist
    ORDER BY DESC(?year)
}

{
    SELECT ?date2  (MAX(?nr_artworks2) as ?max_artworks2) WHERE {
    SELECT ?artist2 (COUNT(?artwork2) as ?nr_artworks2) ?date2
    WHERE {
        ?artwork2 a :Artwork;
        :Date ?date2;
        :isFrom ?school2;
        :createdBy ?artist2 .
        ?school2 a :School; 
        :Name ?schoolName2
        FILTER (
            ?schoolName2 = "Italian"
        )
    }
    GROUP BY ?date2 ?artist2
    ORDER BY DESC(?nr_artworks2)
    }

    GROUP BY ?date2
    ORDER BY DESC(?date2)
}

    FILTER (
        (?year = ?date2) &&
        (?max_artworks1 = ?max_artworks2)
    )

}
    ORDER BY DESC(?year)
	

### Data imports

In order to efficiently import data from excel the"Create axioms from Excel workbook" tool was used and several rules were created following the [MappingMasterDSL](https://github.com/protegeproject/mapping-master/wiki/MappingMasterDSL) rules.

* **Artists**
Individual: @D*
Types: Artist
Facts: Name @D*

* **Type**
Individual: @L*
Types: Type
Facts: Name @L*

* **Materials**
Individual: @G*
Types: Material
Facts: Name @G*

* **Tecnhiques**
Individual: @F*
Types: Technique
Facts: Name @F*

* **School**
Individual: @M*
Types: School
Facts: Name @M*

* **Artwork**:
Individual: @E*
Types: Artwork
Facts: Title @E*, Description @B*, Timeframe @I*, createdBy @D*, createdWith @F*, isA @L*, isFrom @M*, uses @gregueiras *

## Entrega 11/12/2020

### Task 1

After some research some web ontologies related to art were found.

The one that most relates to our is *Towards an Ontology for Art and Colours* [1] in which an ontology was made for a subset of art. It built a repository of knowledge and information about artists, their works, the movements they were a part of, their works and materials used in artistic creations.

The image below shows the main classes taken into account and how they're correlated. All the classes except one, Colour, are very similar to the ones defined in task 2.


Other related ontologies were found like _Multilingual Online Generation from Semantic Web
Ontologies_ [3] which focus on how artistic creations are defined in different languages and _Evaluation of Semantic Web Ontologies for Modelling
Art Collections_ [2] which evaluates the most common Cultural Heritage ontologies.

[1] Luciana Bordoni and Tiziana Mazzoli, _Towards an Ontology for Art and Colours_, http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2006/pdf/151_pdf.pdf
[2] Danfeng Liu, Antonis Bikakis and Andreas Vlachidis, _Evaluation of Semantic Web Ontologies for Modelling Art Collections_, https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1574307/1/SW4CH(paper3_cr).pdf
[3] Dana Dannélls, Mariana Damova, Ramona Enache and Milen Chechev, _Multilingual Online Generation from Semantic Web Ontologies_, https://www.molto-project.eu/sites/default/files/wwweu2012_submission_16-final.pdf

### Task 2
* Classes hierarchy

* Object property hierarchy

* Data property hierarchy

* Individual 'Mona Lisa'
* 

* Visualize ontology: http://owlgred.lumii.lv/online_visualization/1ezn

* Ontology file:

## Melhorias Milestone 2

* 1 Influenced by Peter Rubens' work -AUTHOR:"Peter Paul Rubens"
* 2 A (sacred monument | Church | Mosque | Chapel | Cathedral) in the forefront
* 3 virgin mary's portraits
* retratos,
* 4 horses racing | a horse race
* 5 dancing in a ball
* main focus: gente dançando

* 1 None
* 2 Stopwords
* 3 English possessive and lower case
* 4 Stem

| Indexing | Time (s) | Size | Query | Time |
| -------- | -------- | -------- | ----- | ---- |
| 1 | 9.502 | 46.01 MB | 1 | 19 |
| | 9.115 | | 2 | 17 |
| | 8.865 | | 3 | 5 |
| | 9.913 | | 4 | 11 |
| | 9.911 | | 5 | 8 |
| 2 | 10.457 | 40.88 MB | 1 | 8 |
| | 10.010 | | 2 | 3 |
| | 10.594 | | 3 | 2 |
| | 9.443 | | 4 | 2 |
| | 9.816 | | 5 | 4 |
| 3 | 9.703 | 40.44 MB | 1 | 40 |
| | 9.443 | | 2 | 25 |
| | 10.353 | | 3 | 12 |
| | 10.022 | | 4 | 12 |
| | 9.396 | | 5 | 5 |
| 4 | 11.041 | 39.72 MB | 1 | 11 |
| | 10.352 | | 2 | 1 |
| | 10.912 | | 3 | 5 |
| | 9.881 | | 4 | 4 |
| | 10.589 | | 5 | 4 |