GRE Volcabulary (Mason 2000)

# GRE Volcabulary (Mason 2000) ###### tags: `Volcabulary` `單字` <style> .blue_sentence { color: #7599C2; margin-left : 1em; } .green_title { color: #4BAD70; font-weight: bold; } </style> acid-、ace- 、acu- : 尖的、酸的 acerbic = acrimonious 尖酸刻薄的 :::info antonym: comity (international comity 國際禮讓) ::: acrimony 尖酸刻薄 (n.) exacerbate 惡化 (v.) acuity （聽力、視力、思維等的）靈敏度；敏銳 (n.) mental acuity acumen 敏銳、精明 (n.) business acumen acute 靈敏的 (adj.) act- : 行動 activate 啟動，開動；啟動 reactionary 保守的 (adj.) exactitude 正確性 (n.) exacting 嚴格的 (adj.) ag-、ig- : 做、動 agile 敏捷的 agitate （尤指公開）煽動，鼓動，大聲疾呼 (v.) 使焦慮 exigent (adj.) 緊急的、要求多的 = critical, acute exigent circumstances exigent problem :::info (記法：exit (出口) + ig (做，動)->向出口衝->緊急的) ::: prodigal 非常浪費的、揮霍的 (adj.) :::info synonym: extravagant, profligate, spendthrift, squandering antonym: economical, frugal, thrifty (記法：pro(向前)+dig(挖)+al(=all所有)->挖出所有的存款->揮霍的) ::: agon-: 掙扎，打鬥 agony 極大的痛苦 antagonistic 敵對的(adj.) /an-ˌta-gə-ˈni-stik/ They found it impossible to deal with such *antagonistic* groups. protagonist （故事或戲劇中的）主要人物，主角；（某一想法或政治制度的）主要支持者，主要擁護者 (n.) :::info (記法：主角都很痛苦) ::: agr-、egr- : 田地，農業 agriculture agrarian peregrinate 遊歷，徒步旅行(n.) /ˈper-ə-grə-ˌnāt/ :::info 記法：per(完全)+egr(=agr田地)->遊歷，旅行 ::: al: 成長 (記法：co, col, com, con共同+al成長) coalesce 聯合，合併 (v.) a group of young reformers who gradually *coalesced* into a political movement coalition 同盟，聯合 (n.) analgesic 止痛劑、止痛的 (n./adj.) alienation 疏遠，離間 (n.) inalienable 不可剝奪的 (adj.) *inalienable* rights alt- : 高 altitude exalt 讚揚、稱頌 (v.) == extol, laud lambaste(嚴厲指責), pan(嚴厲批評), deprecate(輕視，抗議), excoriate(批評), disparage(藐視，貶損), vilify(毀謗); altruism 利他主義 am- : 愛 amiable 和藹的、親切的 (adj.) == friendly, sociable *amiable* neighbors amity 親善，國與國之間的友好關係 (n.) /ˈa-mə-tē/ an era of international amity enmity 敵意，不合 (n.) /ˈen-mə-tē/ == antagonism inimical 有敵意的，不合的 (adj.) == antagonist enamored 迷戀的 (adj.) ampl- : 大 ample 充足的，豐富的 amplify 放大，詳述 (v.) ances- : 原始的 ancestor ancestry 家系 (n.) anim- : 生命，精神 animal animadvert (v.) 批評，非難 /ˌa-nə-ˌmad-ˈvərt/ :::info 記法：anim(心智)+ad(在)+vert(轉)->壞事使得大家都注意->批評 ::: animosity (n.) 憎恨，仇恨 :::info 記法：animo(=animal動物)+sity(=city城市)->動物恨城市 ::: animus (n.) 敵意，憎恨 pusillanimous (adj.) 膽小的 /ˌpyü-sə-ˈla-nə-məs/ :::info 記法：音讀pussy(小貓)->膽小的 synonym: cowardly, timid; ::: unanimous 全體一致的(adj.) :::info 記法：uni(一個)+anim(生命) ::: ann-、enn- : 年 annual perennial 終年的、永久的 (adj.) (記法：per(完全) + enn(年)) /pə-ˈre-nē-əl/ anthrop- : 人 anthropology misanthrope 憤世嫉俗者 (記法：mis(恨)+anthrop(人)) philanthropic 博愛的、慈善的、仁慈的 :::info 記法：phil(愛) + anthrop(人) ::: ante-、anti- : 先前 antique 古代的、骨董的 antiquated 過時的、老舊的 == obsolete, archaic, outmoded apt-、ept-、eft- : 能力 adept 熟練的、內行的 adaptive 適應的 apt 適合的，易於....的，有....傾向的(adj.) == suitable, appropriate; deft 靈巧的 == skillful and quick inept 無能的、不恰當的 aqua- 、aque-: 水 aquarium aqueous 水的 arbit- : 判斷、裁決 arbitrary 專橫的，不理智的、任意的；隨機的；隨心所欲的 an *arbitrary* government arch-、archy- : 統治 hierarchy 階級、等級制度 patriarchal 家長的、父權制的 /pā-trē-ˈär-kəl/ :::info 記法：patri(父親)+arch(統治)) ::: art 技巧，藝術 artifice 奸計、詭計(n.) :::info 記法：arti(技巧)+fic(做)+e) synonym: clever trickery; deception ::: articu-、articul- : 清楚地說 article articulate 清楚表達、口齒伶俐的 (adj.) (v.) asper- : 粗魯 asperity 嚴酷、粗魯 (n.) He asked with some *asperity* just what they were implying. exasperate 激怒、使惱怒 (v.) == aggravate, annoy aster、astr : 星星 astronomy asteriod astronomical 天文學的，龐大的 auc-、aug-、aut-、aux- : 增加 auction augment 增加 (v.) The impact of the report was augmented by its timing. august 莊嚴的 (adj.) authentic authoritative 威權的，官方的，專斷的 (adj.) /ə-ˈthȯr-ə-ˌtā-tiv/ The book is an *authoritative* guide to the city's restaurants. auxiliary 輔助的 (adj.) aud- : 大膽 audacious 大膽的，無謂的，愚勇的 == daredevil avi-、avis- : 鳥 aviation avid 熱情的，熱心的 == eager, greedy; /ˈa-vəd/ ban 禁止 banish base : 基礎 abase 降低自己，使卑下 abase oneself :::info formal : to lower in rank, office, prestige, or esteem ::: base (n.) 基礎 (a.) 卑賤的 <-> baseless 無事實根據的 debase 貶低，貶損 (v.) == abase *debased* himself by lying to his supporters bat : 打 combat lambaste 痛罵、痛打 (v.) == thrash /læmˈbæst/ bate : 減少、減弱 abate 減輕、減少(v.) abatement (n.) waiting for the storm to *abate* ben-、bene- : 好處 benefit benefactor 行善者，捐助者(n.) (記法：bene(好)+fact(做) beneficent 慈善的，仁愛的，有益的 (adj.) :::info 記法：bene(好)+fic(做) synonym: generous, charitable, benevolent; /bə-ˈne-fə-sənt/ ::: benevolent 善心的，仁心的; benign 良性的，無害的 (adj.) == kindly, gentle; /bi-ˈnīn/ a *benign* lung tumor a *benign* teacher bell : 戰鬥 rebellious bellicose 好戰的、好鬥的 (adj.) :::info synonym: warlike, aggressive, truculent, pugnacious; /ˈbe-li-ˌkōs/ ::: belligerent 發動戰爭的、好鬥的、好挑釁的 (n.) belligerence == bellicose /bə-ˈlij-rən(t)s/ directly from Latin hyperbole 誇張(法) (n.) /hī-ˈpər-bə-(ˌ)lē/ :::info antonym: litotes /ˈlī-tə-ˌtēz/ 反敘法，曲言法（用否定對立的詞語表示肯定的一種修辭格） ::: bell : 美麗 belle 美女(n.) /ˈbel/ the *belle* of the ball embellish 美化、裝飾 (v.) a book *embellished* with illustrations bib : 喝 bibber 酒鬼，貪酒的人 /ˈbi-bər/ imbibe 飲、喝、接收資訊，獲取資訊 (v.) a sponge *imbibes* moisture *imbibe* moral principles bid: 命令 forbid forbidding 冷峻的；令人生畏的；令人討厭的；險惡的 (adj.) a harsh and *forbidding* landscape a dark, *forbidding* house, that is reputed to be haunted blanc : 白色 blank blemish 玷污，缺點(n.) A series of burn marks *blemish* the table's surface. The incident *blemished* his reputation. :::info 記法：blemish音讀\[斃了米\]->斃了你->衣服被弄到污點很生氣->瑕疵，污點 ::: blis : 祝福、恩典 bless blithe 無憂無慮的 (adj.) /blaɪð/ He showed *blithe* disregard for the rights of others. a blithe spirit bomb : 炸彈 bombastic 誇誇其談的、誇大的 (adj.) == rhetorical a *bombastic* speech intended to impress the voters in her congressional district pompous 妄自尊大的，自以為是的 (adj.) == arrogant /ˈpɑːm.pəs/ bon : 好 bon voyage 一路順風 (n.) /ˌbon vɔɪˈɑːʒ/ boon 好處，利益，恩惠 (n.) 友好的、歡樂的 (adj.) The rain was a *boon* for parched crops. :::info synonym: advantage, aid, asset, benefit, help ::: bounteous 慷慨的、豐富的 == generous /ˈbau̇n-tē-əs/ Together we give thanks for this *bounteous* harvest. brev : 短 abbreviate brevity 簡短、簡潔 (n.) The comments have been edited for clarity and *brevity*. debrief 聽取匯報、向...詢問情況 (v.) cad-、cas-、cid- : 落下 accidental 偶然發生的 (adj.) casualty 傷亡人員 coincide decadence 衰落，頹廢 (n.) (記法：落到下面) the *decadence* of modern society cal- 、chal- : 熱 calorie nonchalant 無憂無慮的，莫不關心的 (adj.) \ ˌnän-shə-ˈlänt\ :::info Is *chalant* the opposite of *nonchalant*? Nonchalant comes from an Old French word nonchaloir, meaning "to disregard." That word comes from non-, meaning "not," + chaloir, meaning "to concern." If you want a word that means the opposite of nonchalant, both concerned and interested can do the job. ::: calc- : 石灰、石頭 calcium calculate callous 無情的，硬結的 (adj.) /ˈkæl.əs/ *callous* hands :::info synonym: cruelly(殘酷地), insensitive or unsympathetic; 無情的，硬結的 == heartless ::: callus （尤指手或腳上的）老繭，胼胝 (n.) /ˈkæl.əs/ recalcitrant 頑固的，難以控制的 (adj.) /rɪˈkæl.sɪ.trənt/ :::info synonym: unruly, intransigent, refractory; antonym: docile /ˈdɑː.səl/, tractable; 記法：像石頭一樣堅硬的 I am puzzled as to why the Ministry of Labor does not take more stringent(迫切的) action against *recalcitrant* employers ::: cand-、cend- : 白色、發光 candle candid 率直的 (adj.) incendiary (adj.) 放火的，縱火的、煽動性的 (n.) 燃燒彈，縱火犯 /ɪnˈsen.di.er.i/ *incendiary* speeches incense （尤指在宗教儀式上焚燒的）香 (n.)、激怒，使大怒 (v.) :::info 記法：in(使)+cense(發光)->激怒 ::: cant-、cent-、chant- : 唱、歌唱 chant (v.) (n.) protesters were *chanting* outside accentuate 強調，以重音讀出，加重音符號於 (v.) trying to *accentuate* the positive aspects of the program *accentuates* the feeling of despair :::info 記法：ac(加強)+cent(唱，說)) == emphasize ::: chantey （舊時水手在船上唱的）勞動曲調 (n.)（同shanty /ˈʃæn.ti/) incentive 刺激，鼓勵 (n.) :::info 記法：in(使)+cent(唱)->使人唱) == stimulus ::: recant 改變，放棄(信仰或聲明) == renounce; withdraw (n.) recantation /rɪˈkænt/ Witnesses threatened to *recant* their testimony when the court released their names to the paper. cap- : 頭 capital capitulate 投降、被迫接受；被迫同意；讓步 (v.) /kəˈpɪtʃ.ə.leɪt/ The enemy was forced to *capitulate* unconditionally. :::info 記法: 低頭 ::: recapitulate 扼要重述，概括(v.) :::info 記法：重新把重要的東西(頭)敘述 ::: cap-：拿、抓住 capture 捕獲、俘虜 capacious 容量大的，寬敞的 (記法：能抓住東西的->容量大的, capacity容量) == roomy; captious (adj.) 吹毛求疵的 == carping, quibbling, censorious; :::info 記法：cap(抓住)+tious(多....的)->抓出別人很多的缺點->吹毛求疵的 ::: captivate (v.) 迷惑，吸引 (a.) captivating 吸引人的; == fascinate (sb.), charm, enchant; We were *captivated* by her beauty. The scenery *captivated* our attention. encapsulation (n.) 概括; /ɪnˈkæp.sjə.leɪt/ caus-：燒 holocaust 大屠殺，浩劫 (n.) /ˈhō-lə-ˌkȯst/ a nuclear *holocaust* caustic (adj.) 腐蝕性的，刻薄的; /ˈkȯ-stik/ The chemical was so *caustic* that it ate through the pipe. *caustic* humor cav：洞 cave excavate (v.) 挖掘，挖出 (記法：ex(外)+cav(洞)+ate) caval-、chival：騎馬 cavalry 騎兵隊伍，武裝部隊 (n.) cavalier (n.) 騎士，武士 /ˌka-və-ˈlir/ (adj.) 傲慢的；目空一切的 People were often irritated by his *cavalier* attitude toward them. 人們常常被他目空一切的態度弄得惱火。 (adj.) 漫不經心的；無憂無慮的 a cavalier reply 隨口作的回答 chivalrous (a.) 武士精神的，對女人彬彬有禮的 cede-、ceed-、cess：走 concede (v.) 承認，讓步 == (n.) concession 讓步; incessant (a.) 不停的，連續的，持續不斷的; /ɪnˈses.ənt/ *incessant* rain/noise/complaints :::info synonym: constant, unremitting, continual; antonym: sporadic 偶然發生的; ::: precede (v.) 在...之前，早於 (記法：pre(前)+cede(走)) Minutes before 10:30 p.m. in China, the stadium pulsed with the emotions that always *precede* a 100-meter final. It would be helpful if you were to *precede* the report with an introduction. precedent (a.) (n.) 在先的，在前的 /ˈpres.ə.dent/ A behavior that may be explained by a *preceden* event in her troubled life unprecedented (a.) 前所未有的 predecessor (n.) 前任，前輩，原先的東西 successive (adj.) 接連的，連續的 (suc下面 + cess走->接下面繼續走)