---
# System prepended metadata

title: 18Dice解答
tags: [C++, ymsh, Python, 18dice]

---


# 18Dice解答
# C++
:::info
***看的人都是我的兒子 by 郭10***
:::
## 2. 輸出函式
### 2-1 測試系統
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    cout << "Hello, DICE!";
}
```
### 2-2 Hello, World!
```cpp=
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    cout << "Hello, World!\nHello,World!";
}
```
### 2-3 印三角形
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    for (int i = 1;i <= 5;i++) {
        for (int j = 0;j < i;j++) cout << '*';
        cout << '\n';
    }
    for (int i = 0;i < 6;i++) cout << '*';
    cout << '\n';
    for (int i = 5;i >= 1;i--) {
        for (int j = 0;j < i;j++) cout << '*';
        cout << '\n';
    }
}
```
### 2-4 不是計算
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    cout << "2/3=5\n2*3=5";
}

```
### 2-5 來個表格
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    for (int i = 1;i < 11;i++) {
        cout << i << '\t' << i * i << '\t' << i * i * i << '\n';
    }
}
```
## 3. 變數與指定運算子
### 3-1 指定整數
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n = 3;
    cout << n;
}
```
### 3-2 加上一些形容詞
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n = 33;
    cout << "There are " << n << " cats.";
}
```
### 3-3 指定浮點數
```cpp=
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    double a = 5.200002, b = 10.100001;
    cout << fixed << setprecision(6) << a << '\n' << b;
}
```
### 3-4 整數與浮點數
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n = 170;
    double w = 55.222;
    cout << "My height is " << n << " cm.\n";
    cout << fixed << setprecision(3) << "My weight is " << w << " kg.";
}
```
### 3-5 =不是等號
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a;
    int b = 555;
    a = b;
    cout << a << ' ' << b;
}
```
### 3-6 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    char a = 97;
    cout << a;
}
```
## 4. 輸入函式
### 4-1 一個整數
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    cout << n;
   return 0;
}
```
### 4-2 3個整數
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a, b, c;
    cin >> a >> b >> c;
    cout << c << ' ' << b << ' ' << a;
}
```
### 4-3 浮點數
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    double a, b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    cout << fixed << setprecision(6) << a << '\n' << b;
   return 0;
}
```
### 4-4 3個浮點數
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    double a, b, c;
    cin >> a >> b >> c;
    cout << fixed << setprecision(3) << c << '\n';
    cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << b << '\n';
    cout << fixed << setprecision(1) << a << '\n';
}
```
### 4-5 長方形
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a, b, c;
    cin >> a >> b >> c;
    cout << a << ' ' << b << ' ' << c;
}
```
### 4-6 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    char c;
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    c = n;
    cout << c;
}
```
## 5. 算術運算子
### 5-1 四則運算
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a, b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    cout << a << '+' << b << '=' << a + b << '\n';
    cout << a << '-' << b << '=' << a - b << '\n';
    cout << a << '*' << b << '=' << a * b << '\n';
    cout << a << '/' << b << '=' << a / b << '\n';
}
```
### 5-2 餘數
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a, b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    int c = a / b;
    int d = a % b;
    cout << a << '/' << b << '=' << c << "餘" << d << '\n';
    cout << c + d;
   return 0;
}
```
### 5-3 梯形面積
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    double a, b, c;
    cin >> a >> b >> c;
    double ans = ((a + b) * c) / 2;
    cout << fixed << setprecision(1) << "梯形面積" << ans << "平方公分";
   return 0;
}
```
### 5-4 溫度換算
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    double c;
    cin >> c;
    double f = c * 9 / 5;
    f += 32;
    cout << "華氏溫度=";
    cout << fixed << setprecision(1) << f;
   return 0;
}
```
### 5-5 三次溫度換算
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    double a, b, c;
    cin >> a >> b >> c;
    a = a * 9 / 5 + 32;
    b = b * 9 / 5 + 32;
    c = c * 9 / 5 + 32;
    double d[4];
    d[1] = a;
    d[2] = b;
    d[3] = c;
    for (int i = 1;i < 4;i++) {
        cout << i;
        cout << ".華氏溫度=";
        cout << fixed << setprecision(1) << d[i] << '\n';
    }
}
```
### 5-6 時間計算
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    int a = n;
    n = n * 95;
    cout << a << "個粽子共需要";
    cout << n / 60 << "分";
    cout << n % 60 << "秒";
}
```
### 5-7 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    char c;
    cin >> c;
    int a = 'A' - 'a';
    c = c + a;
    cout << c;
}
```
## 6. 單一選擇
### 6-1 及格嗎?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    if (n >= 60) cout << n << "分及格\n";
    cout << "Over!";
}
```
### 6-2 正數?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    if (n > 0) cout << n << "是正數\n";
    cout << "Over!";
}
```
### 6-3 偶數?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    if (n % 2 == 0) cout << n << "是偶數\n";
    cout << "Over!";
}
```
### 6-4 發現不相等
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a, b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    if (a != b) cout << a << "!=" << b << '\n';
    cout << "Over!";
}
```
### 6-5 輸出正數
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    float a;
    cin >> a;
    cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << abs(a) << '\n';
}
```
### 6-6 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int d[5] = {0, 2300, 800, 500, 1500}, a, b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    cout << (d[a] + d[b] > 3000 ? "超出預算" : "符合預算");
}
```
## 7. 用if交換變數
### 7-1 比大小
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a, b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    cout << "最大值" << max(a, b);
}
```
### 7-2 比三數大小
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a, b, c;
    cin >> a >> b >> c;
    cout << max({a, b, c}) << ' ' << min({a, b, c});
}
```
### 7-3 五數比大小
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int x = 0, n = 10000000;
    for (int i = 0;i < 5;i++) {
        int t;
        cin >> t;
        x = max(x, t);
        n = min(n, t);
    }
    cout << x << ' ' << n;
}
```
### 7-4 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    if ((n % 4 == 0 and n % 100 != 0) or n % 400 == 0) cout << "閏年\n";
    else cout << "平年\n";
}
```
## 8. 雙重選擇
### 8-1 及格與否
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    if (n >= 60) cout << n << "分及格";
    else cout << n << "分不及格";
}
```
### 8-2 奇數還是偶數?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    cout << n << ": ";
    if (n % 2) cout << "奇數";
    else cout << "偶數";
}
```
### 8-3 可以構成三角形?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a, b, c;
    cin >> a >> b >> c;
    cout << a << ' ' << b << ' ' << c << ": ";
    if (a + b <= c or b + c <= a or a + c <= b) cout << "不可以構成三角形";
    else cout << "可以構成三角形";
}
```
### 8-4 是否直角三角形?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a, b, c;
    cin >> a >> b >> c;
    cout << a << ' ' << b << ' ' << c << ": ";
    if (a * a + b * b == c * c or a * a + c * c == b * b or b * b + c * c == a * a) cout << "直角三角形";
    else cout << "不是直角三角形";
}
```
### 8-5 是否與6有關?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    cout << n;
    if (n % 16 == 0 or n % 10 == 6) cout << "符合標準";
    else cout << "不符合標準";
}
```
### 8-6 拆數字
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    string s;
    cin >> s;
    reverse(s.begin(), s.end());
    cout << s;
}
```
### 8-7 是否為5的倍數-2?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    string s;
    cin >> s;
    if ((s[0] - '0') % 5) cout << "百位數" << s[0] << "不是5的倍數";
    else cout << "百位數" << s[0] << "是5的倍數";
    cout << '\n';
    if ((s[1] - '0') % 5) cout << "十位數" << s[1] << "不是5的倍數";
    else cout << "十位數" << s[1] << "是5的倍數";
    cout << '\n';
    if ((s[2] - '0') % 5) cout << "個位數" << s[2] << "不是5的倍數";
    else cout << "個位數" << s[2] << "是5的倍數";
}
```
### 8-8 是否為迴文?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    string a, b;
    cin >> a;
    b = a;
    reverse(a.begin(), a.end());
    cout << b << ": ";
    if (a == b) cout << "是迴文";
    else cout << "不是迴文";
}
```
### 8-9 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    if (n == 5) cout << "80分";
    else if (n == 7) cout << "64分";
    else if (n == 18) cout << "72分";
    else cout << "成績不存在";
}
```
## 9. 巢狀選擇
### 9-1 分數等第
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    cout << "分數" << n << "等第";
    if (n >= 90) cout << "A!";
    else if (n >= 80) cout << "B!";
    else if (n >= 70) cout << "C!";
    else if (n >= 60) cout << "D!";
    else cout << "F!";
    cout << '\n';
}
```
### 9-2 正三角形嗎?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a, b, c;
    cin >> a >> b >> c;
    cout << a << ' ' << b << ' ' << c;
    if ((a + b <= c) or (a + c <= b) or (b + c <= a)) cout << ": 無法構成三角形";
    else if (a == b and b == c) cout << ": 正三角形";
    else cout << ": 非正三角形";
}
```
### 9-3 玩玩二分法
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    if (n > 0) {
        cout << n << "是正數\n";
        if (n <= 10000) cout << "小於等於10000: A\n";
        else cout << "大於10000: B\n";
    }

    else {
        cout << n << "是負數\n";
        if (n <= -10000) cout << "小於等於-10000: C\n";
        else cout << "大於-10000: D\n";
    }
}
```
### 9-4 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    char c;
    cin >> c;
    if (c >= 'a' and c <= 'z') cout << "小寫\n";
    else if (c >= 'A' and c<= 'Z') cout << "大寫\n";
    else cout << "都不是\n";
}
```
## 10. 多選一
### 10-1 分數等第
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    if (n > 100 or n < 0) {
        cout << "error data\n";
        return 0;
    }
    cout << "Your score is "<< n << " and degree is ";
    if (n >= 90) cout << "A!";
    else if (n >= 80) cout << "B!";
    else if (n >= 70) cout << "C!";
    else if (n >= 60) cout << "D!";
    else cout << "F!";
    cout << '\n';
}
```
### 10-2 點套餐
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    if (n == 1) cout << "牛奶\n西瓜\n檸檬水\n吐司";
    else if (n == 2) cout << "西瓜\n檸檬水\n吐司";
    else if (n == 3) cout << "檸檬水\n吐司";
    else if (n == 4) cout << "吐司";
    else cout << "超出範圍\n";
}
```
### 10-3 象限
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    float x, y;
    cin >> x >> y;
    if (x > 0 and y > 0) cout << "第一象限";
    if (x < 0 and y > 0) cout << "第二象限";
    if (x < 0 and y < 0) cout << "第三象限";
    if (x > 0 and y < 0) cout << "第四象限";
    if (!x and y) cout << "y軸";
    if (!y and x) cout << "x軸";
    if (!x and !y) cout << "原點";
}
```
### 10-4 年齡說
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    cout << n << "歲是";
    if (n <= 14) cout << "小孩子";
    else if (n <= 29) cout << "志於學";
    else if (n <= 39) cout << "而立之年";
    else if (n <= 49) cout << "不惑之年";
    else if (n <= 59) cout << "知天命之年";
    else if (n <= 69) cout << "耳順之年";
    else cout << "從心所欲，不逾矩之年";
}
```
### 10-5 三角形型別
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int a, b, c;
    cin >> a >> b >> c;
    cout << a << ' ' << b << ' ' << c << ": ";
    if (a == b and b == c) cout << "正三角形";
    else if ((a == b and b != c) or (b == c and c != a) or (a == c and c != b)) cout << "等腰三角形";
    else if (a + b <= c or b + c <= a or a + c <= b) cout << "無法構成三角形";
    else if (a * a + b * b == c * c or b * b + c * c == a * a or a * a + c * c == b * b) cout << "直角三角形";
    else cout << "一般三角形";
}
```
### 10-6 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    cout << n << "年";
    if ((n % 4 == 0 and n % 100 != 0) or n % 400 == 0) cout << "閏年\n";
    else cout << "平年\n";
}
```
## 11. 多選一: switch(C or C++)
### 11-1 字元
```cpp=
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    char c;
    cin >> c;
    cout << c;
    
}
```
### 11-2 點套餐
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    switch('a'){}
    char type;
    cin >> type;
    if (type == 'A') cout << "牛奶\n西瓜\n檸檬水\n吐司";
    else if (type == 'B') cout << "西瓜\n檸檬水\n吐司";
    else if (type == 'C') cout << "檸檬水\n吐司";
    else cout << "吐司";
}
```
### 11-3 點食物
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    switch('A');
    char type;
    cin >> type;
    if (type == 'a' or type == 'A') cout << "牛奶";
    else if (type == 'b' or type == 'B') cout << "西瓜";
    else if (type == 'c' or type == 'C') cout << "檸檬水";
    else cout << "吐司";
}
```
### 11-4 運算
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    switch('A');
    int a, b;
    char type;
    cin >> type >> a >> b;
    if (type == 'a' or type == 'A') cout << a << '+' << b << '=' << a + b;
    else if (type == 'b' or type == 'B') cout << a << '-' << b << '=' << a - b;
    else if (type == 'c' or type == 'C') cout << a << '*' << b << '=' << a * b;
    else if (type == 'd' or type == 'D') cout << a << '/' << b << '=' << a / b;
    else cout << a << '%' << b << '=' << a % b;
}
```
### 11-5 運算列表
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    switch('A');
    char type;
    int a, b;
    cin >> type >> a >> b;
    if (type == 'a' or type == 'A') {
        cout << a << '+' << b << '=' << a + b << '\n';
        cout << a << '-' << b << '=' << a - b << '\n';
        cout << a << '*' << b << '=' << a * b << '\n';
        cout << a << '/' << b << '=' << a / b << '\n';
        cout << a % b;
    }
    else if (type == 'b' or type == 'B') {
        cout << a << '-' << b << '=' << a - b << '\n';
        cout << a << '*' << b << '=' << a * b << '\n';
        cout << a << '/' << b << '=' << a / b << '\n';
        cout << a % b;
    }
    else if (type == 'c' or type == 'C') {
        cout << a << '*' << b << '=' << a * b << '\n';
        cout << a << '/' << b << '=' << a / b << '\n';
        cout << a % b;
    }
    else if (type == 'd' or type == 'D') {
        cout << a << '/' << b << '=' << a / b << '\n';
        cout << a % b;
    }
    else cout << a % b;
}
```
### 11-6 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    switch('A');
    int a, b;
    char type;
    cin >> a >> type >> b;
    if (type == '+') cout << a + b;
    if (type == '-') cout << a - b;
    if (type == '*') cout << a * b;
    if (type == '/') cout << a / b;
    if (type == '%') cout << a % b;
    if (type == '^') cout << pow(a, b);
    if (type == '#') cout << pow(a, 1.0/b);
}
```
## 12. 直覺不結構的if...goto(C or C++)
### 12-1 印10次
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    for (int i = 0 ;i <10;i++) cout << "HaHaHa!\n";
}
```
### 12-2 印N次
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    while (n--) cout << "HaHaHa!\n";
}
```
### 12-3 月份判斷
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    while (cin >> n) {
        if (n < 1) break;
        if (n > 12) cout << "超出範圍";
        else cout << n << "月是";
        if (n == 12 or n == 1 or n == 2) cout << "冬天";
        if (n >= 3 and n <= 5) cout << "春天";
        if (n >= 6 and n <= 8) cout << "夏天";
        if (n >= 9 and n <= 11) cout << "秋天";
        cout << '\n';
    }
}
```
### 12-4 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    for (int i = 0;i < 5;i++) {
        bool flag = 1, f = 1;
        int a[5];
        for (int j = 0;j < 5;j++) cin >> a[j];
        if (a[0] > a[1] and a[1] > a[2] and a[2] > a[3] and a[3] > a[4]) cout << "此數列嚴格遞減\n此數列遞減\n";
        else if (a[0] >= a[1] and a[1] >= a[2] and a[2] >= a[3] and a[3] >= a[4]) cout << "此數列遞減\n";
        else if (a[0] < a[1] and a[1] < a[2] and a[2] < a[3] and a[3] < a[4]) cout << "此數列嚴格遞增\n此數列遞增\n";
        else if (a[0] <= a[1] and a[1] <= a[2] and a[2] <= a[3] and a[3] <= a[4]) cout << "此數列遞增\n";
        else cout << "End\n";
    }
}
```
## 13. 重複-計數器控制
### 13-1 奇數還是偶數?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    for (int i = 0;i < 10;i++) {
        int n;
        cin >> n;
        if (n % 2) cout << n << "是奇數\n";
        else cout << n << "是偶數\n";
    }
}
```
### 13-2 印100次
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n = 100;
    while (n--) cout << "HaHaHa!印我100次\n";
}
```
### 13-3 印N次
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    while (n--) cout << "這是重複結構的固定次數範例\n";
}
```
### 13-4 輸入10個浮點數
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    float x;
    for (int i = 0;i < 10;i++) {
        cin >> x;
        cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << x << '\n';
    }
}
```
### 13-5 累加
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int ans = 0;
    for (int i = 0;i < 10;i++) {
        int x;
        cin >> x;
        ans += x;
        cout << "第" << i + 1 << "次累加" << ans << '\n';
    }
    cout << "累加和" << ans;
}
```
### 13-6 輸入N個浮點數
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    while (n--) {
        float a;
        cin >> a;
        cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << a << '\n';
    }
}
```
### 13-7 計算總和
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    float ans = 0;
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    while (n--) {
        float x;
        cin >> x;
        ans += x;
    }
    cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << ans;
}
```
### 13-8 計算平均
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    float ans = 0;
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    int t = n;
    while (n--) {
        float x;
        cin >> x;
        ans += x;
    }
    cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << ans << '\n' << ans / t;
}
```
### 13-9 最高分
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    float ans = 0;
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    while (n--) {
        float x;
        cin >> x;
        ans = max(ans, x);
    }
    cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << ans;
}
```
### 13-10 成績計算
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    while (n--) {
        int a, b;
        cin >> a >> b;
        cout << a + b << '\n';
    }
}
```
### 13-11 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    for (int i = 2;i <= n;i++) {
        bool flag = 0;
        for (int j = 2;j < i;j++) if (i % j == 0) flag = 1;
        if (flag) cout << i << '\n';
    }
}
```
## 14. 重複-警示值控制
### 14-1 奇數還是偶數?
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    while (cin >> n) {
        if (!n) break;
        if (n % 2) cout << n << "是奇數\n";
        else cout << n << "是偶數\n";
    }
}
```
### 14-2 印到我說停
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    while (cin >> n) {
        if (!n) break;
        cout << "警示值範例程式!\n";
    }
}
```
### 14-3 直到我說停
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    while (cin >> n) {
        if (n < 0) break;
        cout << n << "\n";
    }
}
```
### 14-4 重複幾次
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n, ans = 0;
    while (cin >> n) {
        if (n < 0) break;
        ans++;
    }
    cout << ans << "筆資料";
}
```
### 14-5 總和
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n, ans = 0;
    while (cin >> n) {
        if (n < 0) break;
        ans += n;
    }
    cout << "總和=" << ans;
}
```
### 14-6 班級均分-完成
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n, ans = 0, t = 0;
    while (cin >> n) {
        if (n < 0) break;
        ans += n;
        t++;
    }
    cout << "總和=" << ans << "\n平均=";
    cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << 1.0 * ans / t;
}
```
### 14-7 最高分
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n, ans = 0;
    while (cin >> n) {
        if (n < 0) break;
        ans = max(ans, n);
    }
    cout << ans;
}
```
### 14-8 自主學習
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    while (cin >> n) {
        if (n <= 1) break;
        bool flag = 1;
        for (int i = 2;i < n;i++) {
            if (n % i == 0) flag = 0;
        }
        if (flag) cout << "質數\n";
        else cout << "合數\n";
    }
}
```
## 15. for
### 15-1 1到100和
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    cout << "1+2+3+...+100=5050";
}
```
### 15-2 奇數和
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    cout << "1+3+5+...+99=2500";
}
```
### 15-3 偶數和
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
//#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    cout << "2+4+6+...+100=2550";
}
```
### 15-4 1到N之和
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    int ans = 0;
    for (int i = 1;i <= n;i++) ans += i;
    cout << "1+2+3+...+n=" << ans;
}
```
### 15-5 X到Y之和
```cpp=
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
//#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int x, y;
    cin >> x >> y;
    int ans = 0;
    for (int i = x;i <= y;i++) ans += i;
    cout << "x到y的和=" << ans;
}
```

# Python
:::info
***我兒子做了C++的解答了 by 淳***
:::
## 2. 輸出函式
### 2-1 測試系統
```python=
print('Hello, DICE!')
```
### 2-2 Hello, World!
```python=
print('Hello, World!\nHello,World!')
```
### 2-3 印三角形
```python=
for i in range(1,7):
    print('*' * i)
    
for j in range(1, 6)[::-1]:
    print('*' * j)
```
### 2-4 不是計算
```python=
print('2/3=5\n2*3=5')
```
### 2-5 來個表格
```python=
for i in range(1, 11):
    print(i, i**2, i**3, sep='\t')
```
## 3. 變數與指定運算子
### 3-1 指定整數
```python=
print(3)
```
### 3-2 加上一些形容詞
```python=
print('There are 33 cats.')
```
### 3-3 指定浮點數
```python=
print(5.200002, 10.100001, sep='\n')
```
### 3-4 整數與浮點數
```python=
print('My height is 170 cm.\nMy weight is 55.222 kg.')
```
### 3-5 =不是等號
```python=
print(555, 555)
```
### 3-6 自主學習
```python=
print('a')
```
## 4. 輸入函式
### 4-1 1個整數
```python=
print(input())
```
### 4-2 3個整數
```python=
print(*tuple(map(int, input().split()))[::-1])
```
### 4-3 浮點數
```python=
a, b = float(input()), float(input())
print(round(a, 6), round(b, 6), sep='\n')
```
### 4-4 3個浮點數
```python=
a = [float(input()) for _ in range(3)]
print(round(a[-1], 3), round(a[1], 2), round(a[0], 1), sep='\n')
```
### 4-5 長方形
```python=
print(input(), input(), input())
```
### 4-6 自主學習
```python=
print(chr(int(input())))
```
## 5. 算術運算子
### 5-1 四則運算
```python=
a, b = int(input()), int(input())
print(f'''{a}+{b}={a+b}
{a}-{b}={a-b}
{a}*{b}={a*b}
{a}/{b}={a//b}''')
```
### 5-2 餘數
```python=
a, b = int(input()), int(input())
print(f'{a}/{b}={a//b}餘{a%b}\n{a//b + a%b}')
```
### 5-3 梯形面積
```python=
a, b, c = int(input()), int(input()), int(input())
print(f'梯形面積{(a+b)*c/2:.1f}平方公分')
```
### 5-4 溫度換算
```python=
print(f'華氏溫度={(9.0/5.0)*float(input()) + 32:.1f}')
```
### 5-5 三次溫度換算
```python=
a = [int(input()) for _ in range(3)]

for i in range(1, 4):
    print(f'{i}.華氏溫度={(9/5)*a[i-1] + 32:.1f}')
```
### 5-6 時間計算
```python=
a = int(input())
print(f'{a}個粽子共需要{a*95 // 60}分{a*95 % 60}秒')
```
### 5-7 自主學習
```python=
print(input().upper())
```
## 6. 單一選擇
### 6-1 及格嗎?
```python=
a = int(input())
if a >= 60:
    print(f'{a}分及格')
print('Over!')
```
### 6-2 正數?
```python=
a = int(input())
if a > 0:
    print(f'{a}是正數')
print('Over!')
```
### 6-3 偶數?
```python=
a = int(input())
if a % 2 == 0:
    print(f'{a}是偶數')
print('Over!')
```
### 6-4 發現不相等
```python=
a, b = int(input()), int(input())
if a != b:
    print(f'{a}!={b}')
print('Over!')
```
### 6-5 輸出正數
```python=
print(f'{abs(float(input())):.2f}')
```
### 6-6 自主學習
```python=
ARR = (2300, 800, 500, 1500)
a, b = map(int, input().split())
print('符合預算' if ARR[a-1]+ARR[b-1]<=3000 else '超出預算')
```
## 7. 用if交換變數
### 7-1 比大小
```python=
print(f'最大值{max(tuple(map(int, input().split())))}')
```
### 7-2 三數比大小
```python=
a = tuple(map(int, input().split()))
print(max(a), min(a))
```
### 7-3 五數比大小
```python=
a = tuple(map(int, input().split()))
print(max(a), min(a))
```
### 7-4 自主學習
```python=
a = int(input())
if a % 4: print('平年')
elif a % 100: print('閏年')
elif a % 400: print('平年')
else: print('閏年')
```
## 8. 雙重選擇
### 8-1 及格與否
```python=
a = int(input())
print(f'{a}分{"不" if a < 60 else ""}及格')
```
### 8-2 奇數還是偶數?
```py=
a = int(input())
print(f'{a}: {"偶" if a % 2 == 0 else "奇"}數')
```
### 8-3 是否能構成三角形?
```python=
i = input()
a,b,c = map(int, i.split())
print(f'{i}: {"" if a+b>c and a+c>b and b+c>a else "不"}可以構成三角形')
```
### 8-4 是否直角三角形?
```python=
i = input()
a,b,c = map(int, i.split())
print(f'{i}: {"" if a**2+b**2==c**2 or a**2+c**2==b**2 or b**2+c**2==a**2 else "不是"}直角三角形')
```
### 8-5 是否與6相關?
```python=
a = input()
print(f'{a}{"" if int(a) % 6 == 0 or a[-1]=="6" else "不"}符合標準')
```
### 8-6 拆數字
```python=
print(input()[::-1])
```
### 8-7 是否為5的倍數-2?
```python=
db5 = lambda n: f'{n}{"" if int(n)%5==0 else "不"}是5的倍數'

a, b = input(), '百十個'
for i in range(3):
    print(f'{b[i]}位數{db5(a[i])}')
```
### 8-8 是否為迴文?
```python=
a = input()
print(f'{a}: {"" if a==a[::-1] else "不"}是迴文')
```
### 8-9 自主學習
```python=
a = input()
if a == '5': print('80分')
elif a == '7': print('64分')
elif a == '18': print('72分')
else: print('成績不存在')
```
## 9. 巢狀選擇
### 9-1 分數等第
```python=
def level(score):
    if 90<=score<=100: return 'A'
    elif 80<=score<=89: return 'B'
    elif 70<=score<=79: return 'C'
    elif 60<=score<=69: return 'D'
    else: return 'F'

a = int(input())
print(f'分數{a}等第{level(a)}!')
```
### 9-2 正三角形嗎?
```python=
def tri(a, b, c):
    if a == b == c: return '正'
    elif a+b>c and a+c>b and b+c>a: return '非正'
    return '無法構成'

i = input()
a, b, c = map(int, i.strip().split())
print(f'{i}: {tri(a,b,c)}三角形')
```
### 9-3 玩玩二分法
```python=
a = int(input())
if a > 0:
    print(f'{a}是正數\n{"小於等於10000: A" if a<=10000 else "大於10000: B"}')
else:
    print(f'{a}是負數\n{"小於等於-10000: C" if a<=-10000 else "大於-10000: D"}')
```
### 9-4 自主學習
```python=
a = input()
if 'a' <= a <= 'z': print('小寫')
elif 'A' <= a <= 'Z': print('大寫')
else: print('都不是')
```
## 10. 多選一
### 10-1 分數等第
```python=
def deg(a):
    if 100 >= a >= 90: return 'A'
    elif 89 >= a >= 80: return 'B'
    elif 79 >= a >= 70: return 'C'
    elif 69 >= a >= 60: return 'D'
    elif 59 >= a >= 0: return 'F'
    else: raise ValueError

try:
    a = int(input())
    print(f'Your score is {a} and degree is {deg(a)}!')
except:
    print('error data')
```
### 10-2 點套餐
```python=
table = ('牛奶', '西瓜', '檸檬水', '吐司')
a = int(input())
if a == 1: print(*table, sep='\n')
elif a == 2: print(*table[1:], sep='\n')
elif a == 3: print(*table[2:], sep='\n')
elif a == 4: print(table[-1], sep='\n')
else: print('超出範圍')
```
### 10-3 象限
```python=
a, b = float(input()), float(input())
if a == b == 0:
    print('原點')
elif a == 0:
    print('y軸')
elif b == 0:
    print('x軸')
else:
    if a > 0 and b > 0: c = '一'
    elif a < 0 and b > 0: c = '二'
    elif a < 0 and b < 0: c = '三'
    else: c = '四'
    print(f'第{c}象限')
```
### 10-4 年齡說
```python=
age = int(input())

if 1<=age<=14: deg = '小孩子'
elif 15<=age<=29: deg = '志於學'
elif 30<=age<=39: deg = '而立之年'
elif 40<=age<=49: deg = '不惑之年'
elif 50<=age<=59: deg = '知天命之年'
elif 60<=age<=69: deg = '耳順之年'
else: deg = '從心所欲，不逾矩之年'

print(f'{age}歲是{deg}')
```
### 10-5 三角形型別
```python=
i = input()
a, b, c = map(int, i.strip().split())
if a == b == c: d = '正'
elif a == b or b == c or c == a: d = '等腰'
elif a**2+b**2==c**2 or a**2+c**2==b**2 or b**2+c**2==a**2: d = '直角'
elif a+c>b and a+b>c and b+c>a: d = '一般'
else: d = '無法構成'
print(f'{i}: {d}三角形')
```
### 10-6 自主學習
```python=
a = int(input())
print(f'{a}年', end='')
if not a % 400: print('閏年')
elif not a % 100: print('平年')
elif not a % 4: print('閏年')
else: print('平年')
```
## 11. 多選一: switch(C or C++)
### 11-1 字元
```python=
print(input())
```
### 11-2 點套餐
```python=
meal = '牛奶', '西瓜', '檸檬水', '吐司'
i = input()
if i == 'A': print(*meal, sep='\n')
elif i == 'B': print(*meal[1:], sep='\n')
elif i == 'C': print(*meal[2:], sep='\n')
else: print(meal[-1])
```
### 11-3 點食物
```python=
i = input().upper()
if i == 'A': print('牛奶')
elif i == 'B': print('西瓜')
elif i == 'C': print('檸檬水')
else: print('吐司')
```
### 11-4 運算
```python=
i = input().upper()
n1, n2 = int(input()), int(input())

if i == 'A':
    print(f'{n1}+{n2}={n1+n2}')
elif i == 'B':
    print(f'{n1}-{n2}={n1-n2}')
elif i == 'C':
    print(f'{n1}*{n2}={n1*n2}')
elif i == 'D':
    print(f'{n1}/{n2}={n1//n2}')
else:
    print(f'{n1}%{n2}={n1%n2}')
```
### 11-5 運算列表
```python=
add = lambda x,y: f'{x}+{y}={x+y}'
minus = lambda x,y: f'{x}-{y}={x-y}'
times = lambda x,y: f'{x}*{y}={x*y}'
dev = lambda x,y: f'{x}/{y}={x//y}'
mod = lambda x,y: x%y

inp = input().upper()
a,b = int(input()), int(input())

if inp == 'A':
    print(add(a,b), minus(a,b), times(a,b), dev(a,b), mod(a,b), sep='\n')
elif inp == 'B':
    print(minus(a,b), times(a,b), dev(a,b), mod(a,b), sep='\n')
elif inp == 'C':
    print(times(a,b), dev(a,b), mod(a,b), sep='\n')
elif inp == 'D':
    print(dev(a,b), mod(a,b), sep='\n')
else:
    print(mod(a,b))
```
### 11-6 自主學習
```python=
inp = input().replace('/','//').replace('^', '**')
if '#' not in inp: print(eval(inp))
else:
    a, b = map(int, inp.split(' # '))
    result = a ** (1/b)
    print(round(result))
```
## 12. 直覺不結構的if...goto(C or C++)
### 12-1 印10次
```python=
for _ in range(10): print('HaHaHa!')
```
### 12-2 印N次
```python=
for _ in range(int(input())): print('HaHaHa!')
```
### 12-3 月份判斷
```python=
while True:
    i = int(input())
    if i < 0: break
    if i in (12,1,2): print(f'{i}月是冬天')
    elif i in (3,4,5): print(f'{i}月是春天')
    elif i in (6,7,8): print(f'{i}月是夏天')
    elif i in (9,10,11): print(f'{i}月是秋天')
    else: print('超出範圍')
```
### 12-4 自主學習
```python=
while True:
    try:
        a = list(map(int, input().split()))
        if a[0]>a[1]>a[2]>a[3]>a[4]: print('此數列嚴格遞減')
        if a[0]>=a[1]>=a[2]>=a[3]>=a[4]: print('此數列遞減')
        else: print('End')
    except: break
```
## 13. 重複-計數器控制
### 13-1 奇數還是偶數?
```python=
for _ in range(10):
    a = int(input())
    print(f'{a}是{"奇" if a%2 else "偶"}數')
```
### 13-2 印100次
```python=
for _ in range(100): print('HaHaHa!印我100次')
```
### 13-3 印N次
```python=
for _ in range(int(input())): print('這是重複結構的固定次數範例')
```
### 13-4 輸入10個浮點數
```python=
for _ in range(10): print(f'{float(input()):.2f}')
```
### 13-5 累加
```python=
a = 0
for i in range(1, 11):
    a += int(input())
    print(f'第{i}次累加{a}')
print(f'累加和{a}')
```
### 13-6 輸入N個浮點數
```python=
for _ in range(int(input())): print(f'{float(input()):.2f}')
```
### 13-7 計算總和
```python=
t = 0
for _ in range(int(input())):
    t += float(input())
print(f'{t:.2f}')
```
### 13-8 計算平均
```python=
time, total = int(input()), 0
for _ in range(time):
    total += float(input())
print(f'{total:.2f}\n{total/time:.2f}')
```
### 13-9 最高分
```python=
m = 0
for _ in range(int(input())):
    m = max(m, float(input()))
print(f'{m:.2f}')
```
### 13-10 成績計算
```python=
for _ in range(int(input())): print(sum(map(int, input().split())))
```
### 13-11 自主學習
```python=
def is_prime(n):
    if n < 2:
        return False

    for i in range(2, int(n**0.5)+1):
        if n % i == 0:
            return False
    return True

for i in range(2, int(input())+1):
    if not is_prime(i):
        print(i)
```
## 14. 重複-警示值控制
### 14-1 奇數還是偶數?
```python=
while True:
    a = int(input())
    if a == 0: break
    print(f'{a}是{"奇" if a%2 else "偶"}數')
```
### 14-2 印到我說停
```python=
while True:
    if input() == '0': break
    print('警示值範例程式!')
```
### 14-3 直到我說停
```python=
while True:
    a = int(input())
    if a < 0: break
    print(a)
```
### 14-4 重複幾次
```python=
t = 0
while True:
    if int(input()) < 0: break
    t += 1
print(f'{t}筆資料')
```
### 14-5 班級均分-總和
```python=
s = 0
while True:
    a = int(input())
    if a < 0: break
    s += a
print(f'總和={s}')
```
### 14-6 班級均分-完成
```python=
t, s = 0, 0
while True:
    a = int(input())
    if a < 0: break
    t += 1
    s += a
print(f'總和={s}\n平均={s/t:.2f}')
```
### 14-7 最高分
```python=
m = 0
while True:
    a = int(input())
    if a < 0: break
    elif m < a: m = a
print(m)
```
### 14-8 自主學習
```python=
def prime(n):
    if n < 2: return False
    for i in range(2, n):
        if n % i == 0:
            return False
    return True

while True:
    a = int(input())
    if a == 1: break
    print('質數' if prime(a) else '合數')
```
## 15. for
### 15-1 1到100和
```python=
print('1+2+3+...+100=5050')
```
### 15-2 奇數和
```python=
print('1+3+5+...+99=2500')
```
### 15-3 偶數和
```python=
print('2+4+6+...+100=2550')
```
### 15-4 1到N之和
```python=
n = sum(range(1, int(input())+1))
print(f'1+2+3+...+n={n}')
```
### 15-5 X到Y之和
```python=
a, b = map(int, input().split())
print(f'x到y的和={sum(range(a, b+1))}')
```
### 15-6 遞減值
```python=
for i in range(1000, 0, -int(input())): print(i, end=' ')
```
### 15-7 公比
```python=
r, lim = int(input()), int(input())
arr, now = [1], 1

while now <= lim:
    now *= r
    arr.append(now)
print('公比數列: ', *arr[:-1])
```
### 15-8 等比級數公式
```python=
a1, an, r = map(int, input().split())
now, s = a1, 0
while now <= an:
    s += now
    now *= r
print(f'首項: {a1}\n末項: {an}\n公比: {r}\n公比數列: {s}')
```
### 15-9 2的次方數
```python=
n = int(input())
i = 0
while True:
    if 2 ** i > n:
        print(f'第一個大於{n}的數是{2 ** i}')
        break
    i += 1
```
### 15-10 自主學習
```python=
def f(n):
    if n==1: return 10
    elif n==2: return 15
    elif n==3: return 16
    return f(n-2)+f(n-3)
print(f(int(input())))
```
## 16. 重複結構與判斷式
### 16-1 及格與不及格人數
```python=
p, g = 0, 0
for _ in range(10):
    a = int(input())
    if a >= 60:
        p += 1
    if a > 80:
        g += 1
print(f'及格{p}人\n不及格{10-p}人\n超過80分{g}人')
```
### 16-2 最大公因數
```python=
from math import gcd

a, b, c = map(int, input().split())
g = [i for i in range(1, min(a,b,c)+1) if a%i==0 and b%i==0 and c%i==0]
print(f'{a} {b} {c}的公因數', end='')
print(*g)
print(f'{a} {b} {c}的最大公因數{gcd(a, gcd(b, c))}')
```
### 16-3 if...break
```python=
t = 0
for i in range(2, int(input())+1, 2):
    if i % 10 == 0: break
    print(i)
    t += i
print(t)
```
### 16-4 質數判斷
```python=
def is_prime(n):
    if n < 2: return False
    for i in range(2, n):
        if n % i == 0: return False
    return True

n = int(input())
print(f'{n}: {"" if is_prime(n) else "不是"}質數')
```
### 16-5 互質
```python=
from math import gcd

n = input()
a, b = map(int, n.split())
print(f'{n}: 兩數{"" if gcd(a, b) == 1 else "不"}互質')
```
### 16-6 continue
```python=
t = 0
for i in range(2, int(input())+1, 2):
    if i % 10 == 0: continue
    print(i)
    t += i
print(t)
```
### 16-7 5的倍數不加
```python=
t = 0
for i in range(1, int(input())+1):
    if i % 5 == 0: continue
    print(i)
    t += i
print(t)
```
### 16-8 相反數絕對值-EOF
```python=
from sys import stdin

for i in stdin:
    i = int(i)
    print(-i, abs(i))
```
### 16-9 象限-EOF
```python=
from sys import stdin

for i in stdin:
    x, y = map(float, i.split())
    if x == y == 0:
        print('原點')
    elif x == 0:
        print('y軸')
    elif y == 0:
        print('x軸')
    else:
        if x>0 and y>0:
            print('第一象限')
        elif x<0 and y<0:
            print('第三象限')
        elif x>0 and y<0:
            print('第四象限')
        else:
            print('第二象限')
```
### 16-10 分數等第人數
```python=
lv = [0] * 5
s = 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'F'
while True:
    try:
        score = input().strip().upper()
        if score == 'A': lv[0] += 1
        elif score == 'B': lv[1] += 1
        elif score == 'C': lv[2] += 1
        elif score == 'D': lv[3] += 1
        elif score == 'F': lv[4] += 1
    except:
        for i in range(5):
            print(f'{s[i]} {lv[i]}人')
        break
```
### 16-11 自主學習
```python=
print(len(input()))
```
## 17. 巢狀迴圈
### 17-1 九九乘法
```python=
for i in range(1, 10):
    for j in range(1, 10):
        print(f'{i}*{j}={i*j}')
```
### 17-2 九九乘法表
```python=
for i in range(1, 10):
    for j in range(1, 10):
        print(f'{i}*{j}={i*j:2d}', end='\t')
    print()
```
### 17-3 1到N乘法表
```python=
for i in range(1, int(input())+1):
    for j in range(1, 10):
        print(f'{i}*{j}={i*j}')
```
### 17-4 N到9乘法表
```python=
for i in range(int(input()), 10):
    for j in range(1, 10):
        print(f'{i}*{j}={i*j}')
```
### 17-5 乘法變形排列
```python=
def f(s, e):
    for i in range(1, 10):
        for j in range(s, e + 1):
            print(f'{j}*{i}={j * i}', end='\t')
        print()

f(1, 3)
f(4, 6)
f(7, 9)
```
### 17-6 重複質數判斷
```python=
def prime(n):
    if n < 2: return False
    for i in range(2, n):
        if n % i == 0: return False
    return True

while True:
    a = int(input())
    if a == 1: break
    print('質數' if prime(a) else '合數')
```
### 17-7 找因數
```python=
while True:
    a = int(input())
    if not a: break
    for i in range(1, a+1):
        if a % i == 0:
            print(i, end=' ')
    print()
```
### 17-8 階乘值-1
```python=
from math import factorial as f

for i in range(1, int(input())+1):
    print(f'{i}!={f(i)}')
```
### 17-9 階乘值-2
```python=
from math import factorial as f

while True:
    a = int(input())
    if not a: break
    print(f'{a}!={f(a)}')
```
### 17-10 印圖形1
```python=
for i in range(1, int(input())+1): print(str(i) * i)
```
### 17-11 印圖形2
```python=
def f(n):
    for i in range(1, n+1):
        print(i, end='')
    print()

for i in range(1, int(input())+1):
    f(i)
```
## 18. 字元字串與ASCII
### 18-1 字元
```python=
print('a', input(), sep='\n')
```
### 18-2 字元變十進位
```python=
print(ord(input()))
```
### 18-3 十進位變字元
```python=
print(chr(int(input())))
```
### 18-4 大寫變小寫
```python=
print(input().lower())
```
### 18-5 小寫變大寫
```python=
print(input().upper())
```
### 18-6 字串
```python=
print(input())
```
### 18-7 小寫字串
```python=
print(*input().upper()[:3])
```
### 18-8 大寫字串
```python=
print(*input().lower()[:3])
```
### 18-9 解碼
```python=
print(*((chr(ord(i)-2)) for i in input()), sep='')
```