# Elisa Luthardt - Long-Covid

## neue Quellensammlung

- Attributes and predictors of long COVID
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01292-y?ftag=YHF4eb9d17
- sehr gutes Paper!
- Long-Term Respiratory and Neurological Sequelae of COVID-19
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33177481/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7643287/
- "acute lung damage may be followed by pulmonary fibrosis and chronic impairment of lung function, with impaired quality of life. Also, increasing reports have shown that SARS-CoV-2 infection involves the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and directly or indirectly damages neurons, leading to long-term neurological sequelae."
- Paper geht auf viele versch. Krankheitsbilder der Lunge, des Nervensystems und allgemein betroffener Zellen ein. Auch auf mögliche Verbindungen zu AD, PD und MS.

Aktuelle Zahlen
- RKI, deutschlandweit
- https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/478220a4c454480e823b17327b2bf1d4
- https://www.intensivregister.de/#/index
- https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/Daten/Impfquotenmonitoring.html
- WHO, weltweit
- https://covid19.who.int/

LongCovid
-
- Clinical sequelae of COVID-19 survivors in Wuhan, China: a single-centre longitudinal study
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32979574/
- Among 538 survivors (293, 54.5% female), the median (interquartile range) age was 52.0 (41.0-62.0) years, and the time from discharge from hospital to first follow-up was 97.0 (95.0-102.0) days. Clinical sequelae were common, including general symptoms (n = 267, 49.6%), respiratory symptoms (n = 210, 39%), cardiovascular-related symptoms (n = 70, 13%), psychosocial symptoms (n = 122, 22.7%) and alopecia (n = 154, 28.6%). We found that physical decline/fatigue (p < 0.01), postactivity polypnoea (p= 0.04) and alopecia (p < 0.01) were more common in female than in male subjects. Dyspnoea during hospitalization was associated with subsequent physical decline/fatigue, postactivity polypnoea and resting heart rate increases but not specifically with alopecia. A history of asthma during hospitalization was associated with subsequent postactivity polypnoea sequela. A history of pulse ≥90 bpm during hospitalization was associated with resting heart rate increase in convalescence. The duration of virus shedding after COVID-19 onset and hospital length of stay were longer in survivors with physical decline/fatigue or postactivity polypnoea than in those without.
-
- Long COVID and chronic COVID syndromes
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jmv.26587
- Chronic COVID syndrome: Need for an appropriate medical terminology for long‐COVID and COVID long‐haulers
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jmv.26624
- gute Bilder
- Autonomic dysfunction in ‘long COVID’: rationale, physiology and management strategies
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7850225/
- Case report and systematic review suggest that children may experience similar long‐term effects to adults after clinical COVID‐19
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/apa.15673
- nur 5 Kinder reported. keine statistisch erwähnebare Menge
- Multi-organ impairment in low-risk individuals with long COVID
- https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.10.14.20212555v1
- " In a young, low-risk population with ongoing symptoms, almost 70% of individuals have impairment in one or more organs four months after initial symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. There are implications not only for burden of long COVID but also public health approaches which have assumed low risk in young people with no comorbidities."
- 18F-FDG brain PET hypometabolism in patients with long COVID
- https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00259-021-05215-4
- Attributes and predictors of Long-COVID: analysis of COVID cases and their symptoms collected by the Covid Symptoms Study App
- https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.10.19.20214494v1.full
- sehr große Studiengruppe

## alte Gedanken, mögliche Inhalte

-Quasi Risiko-Nutzen Abwägung
- Immunisierung durch Impfung vs. Erreger
- je nach Zielgruppe 1. und 2. Immunantwort erklären
- Unterschiede in der Zellinfektion durch Sars-Cov-2 vs. mRNA/VektorDNA
- jeweilige Risiken (und Vorteile)
- Covid19: leichte Verläufe trotzdem 1-2 Wochen Beeinträchtigung, schwere Verläufe, Sterberaten, Long-Covid, Verbreitung des Virus und dadurch verlängerung des Pandemiegeschehens
- Impfung: i.d.R nur 1-2 Tage Nebenwirkungen (da nicht selbst replizierend), Impfkomplikationen (siehe Sinusvenen Thrombose, Allergische Schocks), Suche EMA und Co
- Studie zum Antikörpertiter über die Zeit, nach Erkrankung vs. Impfung (Uni Leipzig?)
- darum ist einmal Impfung nach durchgemachter Erkrankung sinnvoll
- regelmäßige Auffrischungen wie bei Tetanus oder Grippe?
- Schutz vor Mutationen?
- je nach Mutation, kann auch die Immunisierung durch eine durchgemachte Covid Infektion nicht schützen?
- Eventuell Vergleich zu Marsernerkrankung als Kind vs. Marsern-Impfung ziehen?

## Fragen an mich selbst
- _Fazit ziehen_: Zielgruppe positiv auf Impfung einstimmen oder Zielgruppe selber entscheiden lassen?
- Vergleich von milden, schweren, letalen Krankheitsverläufen mit Impfkomplikationen innerhalb Deutschlands, Europas oder Weltweit?

## alte Quellen Sammlung

Covid-19 Krankheitsverlauf - Schweregrad
-
- Compromised Humoral Functional Evolution Tracks with SARS-CoV-2 Mortality
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33207184/
- wenig zielführend
- SARS-CoV-2 viral load is associated with increased disease severity and mortality
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33127906/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7603483/
- "Compared to individuals who were discharged from the hospital, those who eventually died had significantly higher levels of plasma viremia at the time of initial sampling (median plasma viral load 1.0 vs 2.0 log10 RNA copies/mL, P = 0.009, Fig. 3a), which occurred a median 11 days before death. For hospitalized individuals with initial detectable viremia, 32% died vs. 8% of those without initial viremia"
- mögliche Aussage für Projekt: Bei einer "geziehlten" ansteckung mit Covid-19 kann die Viruslast, derer man sich aussetzt nicht kontrolliert werden. Eine hohe Viruslast erhöht das Risiko für einen schweren bis letalen Krankheitsverlauf
- A systematic review of asymptomatic infections with COVID-19
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32425996/
- Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32648899/
- Aging in COVID-19: Vulnerability, immunity and intervention
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7604159/
- Aufschlüsselung milder bis schwerer Verläufe nach Altersgruppen

Vaccines
- Status Report on COVID-19 Vaccines Development (Jan 2021)
- https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC8043838
- Keine Angaben zu Risiken und Nebenwirkungen
- COVID-19 Vaccination: prioritization of at risk groups
- https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC8029295
- nicht zielführend
- Sustained COVID-19 vaccine willingness after safety concerns over the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33870886
- Comparing the COVID-19 Vaccines: How Are They Different?
- https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/covid-19-vaccine-comparison
- Seriösität erst noch überprüfen!
- Odernur weiterführende Quellen nutzen
- COVID-19 vaccines: comparison of biological, pharmacological characteristics and adverse effects of Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33629336/
- wenig informativ
- Allergic Reactions Including Anaphylaxis After Receipt of the First Dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine - United States, December 14-23, 2020
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33444297/
-
Andere Quellen
- https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/blue-print/observational-studies-on-covid19-vaccine-effectiveness_draft-landscape_19.04.2021.xlsx.zip?sfvrsn=284562a_3