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# Remy's Project - 考量培訓支持人員

[TOC]

:cut_of_meat: [python階段圖](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1FugKh8-u1gVgplTpZ4QscDwfsVGP7drQppHO2JrlSvI/edit#gid=0)

::: spoiler :book: 紀錄不知道的事

### 學習python一小時階段中，不知道的詞：

(字義)
* variables 變量
* floating-point numbers 浮點數字
* strings 字符串
* arithmetic operators 算數運算符
* comparison operators 比較運算符
* logical operators 邏輯運算符
* indentation 縮進
* loop 循環
* control flow 控制流
* format 格式化
* set 集合
* dict 字典
* tuble 元組
* web development 網頁開發
* file processing 文件處理
* database operations 數據庫操作

(工具)
* matplotlib＿函式庫

(英文單字)
* *syntax 語法*
* *integers 整數*
* *braces 大括號*
* *interpreter 直譯*
* *underscores 下底線*
* *case-sensitive 區分大小寫*
* *functions 函數*

### 學習python一小時階段中，遇到的狀況：

* 不了解專有名詞詞彙，詢問Chat GPT需要詢問他人關鍵字
* 看不懂範例語法之間的關係

### 學習python一小時階段中，想問的問題：

* 學會專有名詞意義後，要練習到會使用嗎？

:::

---

### Beginner Guide 初學者指南：

1. #### ==變量==

- [ ] 採用`等式` (`英文` + `=` + 數字/函數 ) 來用變數

2. #### ==數據類型==

integer 整數

- [ ] `數學式` (`英文` + `=` + 數字 ) 來使用整數
- [ ] `數學式` (`數字` + `//` + `數字`) 來使用整數
- [ ] 使用 `int()` 函數做出整數

strings 字符串

- [ ] 使用 `引號` 表達字符串
- [ ] 使用 `數學式` 操作字符串
- [ ] 使用 `英文`+`[`+`數字`+`]` 訪問字符
- [ ] 使用 `英文` + `[` + `數字` + `:` + `數字` + `]` 獲得一部分字符串
- [ ] 使用 `字符串` + `.` + `format函數` 表示格式化

lists 列表

3. #### ==控制流==

- [ ] 寫`如果的英文` + `數學式` 來控制流程
- [ ] `for` + `英文` + `in` + `英文+s` + `:` 來控制流程
- [ ] `while` + `數學式` + `:` 來控制流程

4. #### ==函數==

- [ ] 使用`英文詞`+ `()符號` 來表示函數

5. #### ==集合==

- [ ] 使用`英文詞`+ `=` +`｛` +`"`+`英文詞`+`"`+`,`+`"`+`英文詞`+`"`+`｝` 來表示集合

6. #### ==字典==

7. #### ==元組==

---

::: spoiler :stars: finished

## python basic syntax

Here are some basic syntax elements in Python:

1. Variables: Variables are used to store values, e.g., `x = 10`.

2. Data Types: Python supports several data types such as integers, floating-point numbers, strings, lists, dictionaries, etc.

3. Operators: Python supports various operators such as arithmetic operators, comparison operators, and logical operators.

4. Indentation: Indentation is used to define a block of code, unlike braces in other programming languages.

5. Comments: Comments are used to explain code and are ignored by the interpreter. They start with a `#` symbol.

6. Printing: Printing to the console is done using the `print` function, e.g., `print("Hello World!")`.

7. Control Flow: Control flow statements such as `if`, `for`, and `while` are used to control the flow of execution of the program.

8. Functions: Functions allow you to group a set of statements together to perform a specific task, e.g., `def hello(): print("Hello")`.

These are just a few of the basic syntax elements in Python.

---

## how to use variables ?

In Python, variables are used to store values. Here's how to use them:

1. Assign a value to a variable: To assign a value to a variable, use the equal sign (=), e.g., `x = 10`.

2. Use the variable: To use the value stored in a variable, simply reference the variable name, e.g., `print(x)` would output `10`.

3. Re-assign a value: To change the value stored in a variable, simply assign a new value to it, e.g., `x = 20`.

4. Multiple assignment: You can assign values to multiple variables in a single line, e.g., `x, y = 10, 20`.

5. Data type: The data type of a variable is automatically determined based on the value it is assigned, e.g., `x = 10` assigns an integer value to `x`, and `y = "Hello"` assigns a string value to `y`.

Note: In Python, variable names can contain letters, numbers, and underscores, but they cannot start with a number. Additionally, they are case-sensitive, so `x` and `X` are considered different variables.

---

## what is loop ?

A loop is a control flow construct in programming that allows you to repeat a block of code multiple times. There are two types of loops in Python: `for` loops and `while` loops.

1. `for` loop: A `for` loop is used to iterate over a sequence (such as a list, tuple, or string) or other iterable object, and execute a block of code for each item in the sequence. For example:

fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
for fruit in fruits:
  print(fruit)

This code will output:

apple
banana
cherry

2. `while` loop: A `while` loop is used to repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a certain condition is true. For example:

x = 0
while x < 5:
  print(x)
  x += 1

This code will output:

0
1
2
3
4

Loops are an important part of programming and are useful for repeating a set of operations, processing collections of data, and more.

---

## how to use integers ?

Integers are whole numbers in Python, and they can be positive, negative, or zero. Here are some common operations you can perform with integers:

1. Arithmetic operations: You can perform basic arithmetic operations such as addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), and modulus (%), e.g., `x = 10 + 5`, `y = 20 - 10`, `z = 5 * 2`, etc.

2. Comparison operations: You can compare two integers to see if they are equal (==), not equal (!=), greater than (>), less than (<), greater than or equal to (>=), or less than or equal to (<=), e.g., `x == 10`, `y != 10`, `z > 5`, etc.

3. Type conversion: You can convert other data types to integers using the `int()` function, e.g., `x = int("10")`.

4. Division: In Python 3, division of two integers returns a floating-point number, e.g., `x = 10 / 3` returns `3.3333333333333335`. To get integer division (the floor of the division), use the `//` operator, e.g., `x = 10 // 3` returns `3`.

5. Multiple assignments: You can assign values to multiple variables in a single line, e.g., `x, y = 10, 20`.

Note: Integers have a limited range in Python, and if you need to perform calculations with large integers, you can use the `int` type or a library such as `decimal` or `bigfloat`.

---

## how to use strings ?

Strings are sequences of characters in Python, and they are defined using either single quotes (') or double quotes ("). Here are some common operations you can perform with strings:

1. Concatenation: You can concatenate two or more strings using the `+` operator, e.g., `s = "Hello" + " " + "World"`.

2. Repetition: You can repeat a string multiple times using the `*` operator, e.g., `s = "Hello" * 3`.

3. Indexing: You can access individual characters in a string by their index (position), starting from 0, e.g., `s[0]` returns `'H'`.

4. Slicing: You can extract a part of a string by slicing, using the `[start:end]` syntax, where `start` is the starting index (inclusive) and `end` is the ending index (exclusive), e.g., `s[0:5]` returns `'Hello'`.

5. Length: You can find the length of a string using the `len()` function, e.g., `len(s)` returns `5`.

6. Type conversion: You can convert other data types to strings using the `str()` function, e.g., `s = str(10)`.

7. Formatting: You can format strings using the `format()` method, e.g., `s = "Hello, {}!".format("World")`.

Strings are an important data type in Python and are used in many applications, including text processing, web development, and more.

---

## how to use lists ?

Lists are ordered collections of items in Python, and they can contain elements of different data types. Lists are defined using square brackets (\[\]). Here are some common operations you can perform with lists:

1. Indexing: You can access individual elements in a list by their index (position), starting from 0, e.g., `fruits[0]` returns `'apple'`.

2. Slicing: You can extract a part of a list by slicing, using the `[start:end]` syntax, where `start` is the starting index (inclusive) and `end` is the ending index (exclusive), e.g., `fruits[0:2]` returns `['apple', 'banana']`.

3. Modification: You can add, remove, or modify elements in a list, e.g., `fruits.append('cherry')`, `fruits.remove('banana')`, `fruits[1] = 'orange'`.

4. Looping: You can iterate over a list using a `for` loop, e.g.,

fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
for fruit in fruits:
  print(fruit)

5. Length: You can find the length of a list using the `len()` function, e.g., `len(fruits)` returns `3`.

6. Membership: You can check if an element is in a list using the `in` operator, e.g., `'apple' in fruits` returns `True`.

7. Sorting: You can sort a list using the `sort()` method or the `sorted()` function, e.g., `fruits.sort()`, `sorted(fruits)`.

Lists are an important data structure in Python and are widely used in various applications, including storing collections of data, implementing queues and stacks, and more.

---

## how to use functions ?

Functions are reusable blocks of code in Python that accept inputs (arguments) and return an output. Functions help you organize your code and make it more readable and maintainable. Here's how to define and use functions in Python:

1. Definition: To define a function in Python, use the `def` keyword followed by the function name and a pair of parentheses that contain the function's arguments. The code block inside the function starts with a colon (:) and is indented.

def greet(name):
    print("Hello, " + name + "!")

2. Calling: To call (invoke) a function, use the function name followed by a pair of parentheses that contain the arguments, e.g., `greet("John")`.

3. Return: A function can return a value using the `return` keyword, e.g.,

def square(x):
    return x * x

result = square(5)
print(result) # 25`

4. Arguments: A function can accept zero or more arguments. By default, arguments are passed by position, but you can also use keyword arguments (by name) or default arguments.

5. Scope: Variables defined inside a function are local to the function and are not accessible outside of the function.

Functions are a fundamental feature of Python and are used to organize and simplify your code. They allow you to break your program into smaller, more manageable pieces, and make it easier to reuse and test your code.

---

## how to use control flow ?

Control flow statements in Python determine the order in which statements are executed, based on conditions or loops. Here are some common control flow statements in Python:

1. `if` Statement: The `if` statement allows you to execute a block of code if a condition is true. For example:

x = 10
if x > 5:
    print("x is greater than 5") 

2. `if...else` Statement: The `if...else` statement allows you to execute one block of code if a condition is true, and another block of code if the condition is false. For example:

x = 3
if x > 5:
    print("x is greater than 5")
else:
    print("x is not greater than 5")

3. `if...elif...else` Statement: The `if...elif...else` statement allows you to test multiple conditions and execute different blocks of code based on which condition is true. For example:

x = 3
if x > 5:
    print("x is greater than 5")
elif x < 5:
    print("x is less than 5")
else:
    print("x is equal to 5")

4. `for` Loop: The `for` loop allows you to repeat a block of code for each element in a sequence, such as a list or a string. For example:

fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
for fruit in fruits:
    print(fruit)

5. `while` Loop: The `while` loop allows you to repeat a block of code as long as a condition is true. For example:

count = 0
while count < 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1

These control flow statements are the basic building blocks for creating more complex and sophisticated programs in Python. By using them effectively, you can control the flow of your code and make decisions based on conditions or repeat actions until certain conditions are met.
:::

---

## what is set、dict、tuble？

Set: In Python, a set is an unordered collection of unique elements. It is defined using curly braces {} or the built-in set() function. Sets are commonly used to eliminate duplicate values from a collection.

Dict: A dictionary in Python is an unordered collection of key-value pairs, where each key is unique. Dictionaries are defined using curly braces {} and colons (:) to separate keys from values.

Tuple: A tuple is an ordered, immutable collection of elements in Python. It is defined using parentheses () and commas to separate elements. Tuples are similar to lists, but once a tuple is created, its elements cannot be modified.

---

## explain set、dict、tuble for children

Sure! I'll try to explain these concepts to children.

A set is like a collection of toys. It's a group of items that belong together. You can put any type of toy in the set, but you can't have two of the same toy.

A dictionary is like a secret code book. Each word in the code book has a special meaning, and you can use that meaning to communicate secret messages. In a dictionary in Python, each word is called a "key", and the special meaning is called a "value".

A tuple is like a set of building blocks. You can use them to build different structures, and you can't change the blocks once they are stacked together. In Python, a tuple is a set of values that can't be changed once they are created.

Does that help?

---

## explain set、dict、tuble for sales how to use ?

Sure! Let me explain how sets, dictionaries, and tuples can be useful in sales.

A set can be used to store unique items, such as unique customers or unique products. For example, you can use a set to keep track of customers who have already bought a product, so you don't accidentally send them another promotion for the same product.

A dictionary can be used to store information about customers or products, such as their names, addresses, and purchase history. For example, you can use a dictionary to store information about each customer, including their name, address, and the products they have purchased.

A tuple can be used to store related information that needs to be processed together, such as a customer's name and address. For example, you can use a tuple to store a customer's name and address, and then pass the tuple to a function that will use the information to generate a mailing label.

So, in sales, you can use sets to keep track of unique items, dictionaries to store information about customers and products, and tuples to store related information that needs to be processed together. These data structures can help you manage and analyze your sales data more effectively, allowing you to make informed decisions and improve your sales.

---

## how to use？

Set: Here's an example of how to use sets in Python:

# Define a set
fruits = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"}

# Check if an element is in the set
if "apple" in fruits:
    print("apple is in the set")

# Add an element to the set
fruits.add("orange")

# Remove an element from the set
fruits.remove("banana")

# Find the length of the set
print(len(fruits))

# Output:
# apple is in the set
# 3

Dict: Here's an example of how to use dictionaries in Python:

# Define a dictionary
person = {"name": "John Doe", "age": 30, "city": "New York"}

# Access a value by its key
print(person["name"])

# Update a value by its key
person["age"] = 31

# Add a new key-value pair
person["email"] = "[e-mail]"

# Remove a key-value pair
del person["city"]

# Get all keys in the dictionary
print(person.keys())

# Get all values in the dictionary
print(person.values())

# Output:
# John Doe
# dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'email'])
# dict_values(['John Doe', 31, '[e-mail]'])

Tuple: Here's an example of how to use tuples in Python:

# Define a tuple
numbers = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

# Access an element by its index
print(numbers[2])

# Try to modify an element (this will result in an error)
numbers[2] = 6

# Output:
# 3
# TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment

---

## how to use python to web development ?

To use Python for web development, you can use a web framework such as Django or Flask.

Django is a high-level, open-source web framework that follows the model-template-view (MTV) architectural pattern. It provides a robust and scalable framework for building web applications, including features such as an ORM, authentication, and admin interface.

Here's an example of how to create a simple web application using Django:

# Install Django
pip install django

# Create a new Django project
django-admin startproject myproject

# Create a new Django app
python manage.py startapp myapp

# Define a model in myapp/models.py
from django.db import models

class Person(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    age = models.IntegerField()

# Create a view in myapp/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Person

def person_list(request):
    people = Person.objects.all()
    return render(request, "myapp/person_list.html", {"people": people})

# Create a template in myapp/templates/myapp/person_list.html
<h1>Person List</h1>
<ul>
{% for person in people %}
  <li>{{ person.name }} ({{ person.age }})</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>

# Add a URL pattern in myapp/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path("people/", views.person_list, name="person_list"),
]

# Include the app URLs in myproject/urls.py
from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [
    path("", include("myapp.urls")),
]

# Run the development server

python manage.py runserver

Flask is a lightweight, micro-web framework for Python. It provides a minimal and flexible foundation for building web applications, allowing you to build up from there as needed.

Here's an example of how to create a simple web application using Flask:

# Install Flask
pip install flask

# Create a new Flask app
from flask import Flask, render_template

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/")
def index():
    return "Hello, World!"

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()

Both Django and Flask are popular choices for web development with Python, and the best choice for you will depend on the specific requirements of your project.

---

## how to use python to file processing ?

Python provides several ways to work with files, including:

open function: The open function is the most basic way to work with files in Python. You can use it to open a file, read its contents, write to it, or append to it.
Here's an example of how to read the contents of a file:

# Open a file for reading
with open("file.txt", "r") as file:
    # Read the contents of the file
    contents = file.read()
    print(contents)

Here's an example of how to write to a file:

# Open a file for writing
with open("file.txt", "w") as file:
    # Write to the file
    file.write("Hello, World!")
csv module: The csv module provides functions for reading and writing comma-separated value (CSV) files.

Here's an example of how to read data from a CSV file:

import csv

# Open a CSV file for reading
with open("data.csv", "r") as file:
    reader = csv.reader(file)
    for row in reader:
        print(row) 

Here's an example of how to write data to a CSV file:

import csv

# Open a CSV file for writing
with open("data.csv", "w") as file:
    writer = csv.writer(file)
    writer.writerow(["Name", "Age"])
    writer.writerow(["John Doe", 30])
    writer.writerow(["Jane Doe", 28])
pickle module: The pickle module provides a way to serialize and deserialize Python objects to and from binary files.

Here's an example of how to save an object to a binary file:

import pickle

# Define an object to be saved
data = {"name": "John Doe", "age": 30}

# Open a binary file for writing
with open("data.bin", "wb") as file:
    # Save the object to the file
    pickle.dump(data, file)

Here's an example of how to load an object from a binary file:

import pickle

# Open a binary file for reading
with open("data.bin", "rb") as file:
    # Load the object from the file
    data = pickle.load(file)
    print(data)

# Output:
# {'name': 'John Doe', 'age': 30}

These are just a few examples of how to work with files in Python. You can find more information in the official Python documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/inputoutput.html

---

## how to use python to database operation ?

In order to perform database operations in Python, you will need to use a database library or module, such as SQLite, MySQL, or PostgreSQL.

Here's a simple example of how to perform database operations using SQLite:

import sqlite3

# Connect to an SQLite database (creates the database file if it doesn't exist)
conn = sqlite3.connect("database.db")

# Create a cursor to execute SQL commands
cursor = conn.cursor()

# Create a table
cursor.execute("""
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
    name TEXT NOT NULL,
    age INTEGER NOT NULL
)
""")

# Insert data into the table
cursor.execute("""
INSERT INTO users (name, age)
VALUES (?, ?)
""", ("John Doe", 30))

# Commit the changes to the database
conn.commit()

# Query data from the table
cursor.execute("""
SELECT * FROM users
""")

# Fetch the results
rows = cursor.fetchall()

# Loop through the rows
for row in rows:
    print(row)

# Close the cursor and the connection
cursor.close()
conn.close()

This example uses the sqlite3 module to connect to an SQLite database and perform operations such as creating tables, inserting data, querying data, and closing the connection.

Similarly, you can use other modules to perform database operations with other databases, such as MySQLdb for MySQL or psycopg2 for PostgreSQL.

Note: This is just a simple example to give you an idea of how database operations can be performed in Python. For a more comprehensive guide, please refer to the official documentation of the database module you are using.