from collections import defaultdict
url = "https://www.google.com//query?abc=d"

comps = url.split("/")
hmap = defaultdict(list)

if "?" in comps[-1]:
    q = comps[-1].split("?")
    if "&" in q[1]:
        queries = q[1].split("&")
        for query in queries:
            key, value = query.split("=")
            hmap[key].append(value)
    else:
        key, value = q[1].split("=")
        hmap[key].append(value)

print(hmap)


---------

def countThings(my_string, shouldCountLetters):
    """
    returns a dictionary with count of characters or letters
    based on shouldCountLetters's value
    
    Parameters
    ---------------
    my_str: string
    shouldCountLetters: boolean
        indicate if letters should be counted or characters
    --------------
    Returns
    -------------
    Dictionary with character or letter count
    """
    # Raise exception if input is not a string
    if type(my_str) != str:
        raise Exception('Not a string')
    
    if not shouldCountLetters:
        lst_strs = my_str.split(" ") # make it a list
    else:
        lst_strs = my_str
    
    #TC = dict()
    TC = defaultdict(int)
    
    for i in range(len(lst_strs)):
        singleStr = lst_strs[i]
        singleStr = singleStr.lower()
        '''if singleStr in TC:
            TC[singleStr] += 1
        else:
            TC[singleStr] = 1'''
        TC[singleStr] += 1
    
    return TC

# Example expected input/output
countThings("sweet caroline Bah bah bah good times never seemed so good", False)
# Output: {'sweet': 1, 'caroline': 1, 'bah': 3, 'good': 2,
#          'times': 1, 'never': 1, 'seemed': 1, 'so': 1}

countThings('Hello World', True)
# Output: {'h': 1, 'e': 1, 'l': 3, 'o': 2, ' ': 1, 'w': 1, 'r': 1, 'd': 1}

# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ #

def listOfHighestCounts(dict_data):
    """
    returns a list of tuples with non-increasing count order from a dictionary
    """
    tuplesOfdictionary = dict_data.items()
    # ['l', 3]
    listOfKeyPlus_total_occurences = []
    return sorted(key = x[1] for x in tuplesOfdictionary, x[0])
    '''listOfKeyPlus_total_occurences = []
    for key, value in dict_data.items():
        if len(listOfKeyPlus_total_occurences) == 0:
            listOfKeyPlus_total_occurences.append([key,value])
        else:
            len_list = len(listOfKeyPlus_total_occurences)
            for i in range(len_list):
                existing_key = listOfKeyPlus_total_occurences[i][0]
                existingValue = listOfKeyPlus_total_occurences[i][1]
                if value > existingValue:
                    listOfKeyPlus_total_occurences.insert(i, [key, value])
                    break
                elif i + 1 == len_list:
                    listOfKeyPlus_total_occurences.append([key, value])
    return listOfKeyPlus_total_occurences'''

# Example input/output
listOfHighestCounts(countNumLetters('Hello World'))
# Output: [['l', 3], ['o', 2], ['h', 1], ['e', 1],
#          [' ', 1], ['w', 1], ['r', 1], ['d', 1]]

# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ #

def get_topFiveMost_used_words_andLetters(strData):
    # number_toReturn = 5
    '''tot_words = dict()
    TOtalLets = dict()'''
    tot_words = countThings(strData, shouldCountLetters=True)
    TOtalLets = countThings(strData, shouldCountLetters=False)
    
    maxLetterList = listOfHighestCounts(tot_words)
    maxWords = listOfHighestCounts(TOtalLets)
    return maxLetterList[:5], maxWords[:5]

# Example input/output
get_topFiveMost_used_words_andLetters('sweet caroline Bah bah bah good times never seemed so good')
# Output: ([[' ', 10], ['e', 9], ['o', 6], ['s', 4], ['a', 4]],
#          [['bah', 3], ['good', 2], ['sweet', 1], ['caroline', 1], ['times', 1]])