FINAL REVIEW
===
###### tags: `Tutor`
[Link to Quizlet vocab](https://quizlet.com/quizlette7196436/folders/science-vocab?x=1xqt&i=4go422)

[TOC]

# TOPIC 3: Energy
### Lesson 1
- **Energy**
- Measured in Joules (J)
- **Motion**
- **Force**
- **Work**
- When you don't do work although exert force on object?
- Formula: $$ \text{Work} = \text{Distance} \times \text{Force} $$
- Unit?
- **Power**
- Formula: $$ \text{Power} = \frac{\text{Work}}{\text{Time}} = \frac{\text{Distance} \times \text{Force}}{\text{Time}} = \frac{\text{Energy Transferred}}{\text{Time}} $$
- Unit?
- Larger power = More work in same time/ Same work in less time

### Lesson 2
- **Kinetic energy**
- Of which?
- Formula: $$ \text{KE} = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{Mass} \times \text{Speed}^2 $$
- Unit?
- **Potential energy**
- Of which?
- 2 types of PE
- Formula: $$ \text{GPE} = \text{Weight} \times \text{Height} = \text{Mass} \times \text{Gravitational Acceleration} \times \text{Height} $$ $$ \text{EPE} = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{Spring Constant} \times \text{Extension}^2 =\frac{1}{2} \times k \times e^2 $$
- Unit?
- Examples of kinds of energy?
### Lesson 3
- **Mechanical energy**
- Of object
- Formula: $$ \text{Mechanical Energy} = \text{Potential Energy} + \text{Kinetic Energy} $$
- **Nuclear energy**
- Can be released through *fusion* or *fission*
- **Thermal energy**
- Of all particles in an object
- Same formula as ME
- **Chemical energy**

- **Electrical energy**
- Electricity: in KE form
- When not moving: in PE form
- **Electromagnetic radiation**
- Travel in waves
- No need for medium

### Lesson 4
- **Energy transformation**
- **Energy transfer**
- **Law of Conservation of Energy**
- Waves?

# TOPIC 4: Thermal Energy
### Lesson 1
- **Thermal energy** (mentioned above)
- Also called **internal energy**
- **Heat**
- When heat transfer/not transfer?
- **Temperature**
- Of particles
- Measured by thermometer
- 3 scale?
- **Compare thermal energy**
- Temperature
- Nature of the matter
- Amount of matter
- **Factor affect temperature changes**
- Environment
- Nature of the matter/matter
- Amount of matter
### Lesson 2
- **Conduction**
- Require direct contact
- **Convection**
- Occur through movement of fluid (material that flows)
- **Radiation**
- No need to contact
### Lesson 3
- **Conductor**
- **Insulator**
- **Specific heat**
- Unit?
- Formula: $$ \text{Energy Change} = \text{Mass} \times \text{Specific Heat} \times \text{Temperature Change} $$
- **Thermal expansion**
- Expansion vs Contraction

# TOPIC 5: Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation
### Lesson 1
- **Wave**
- Types: Mechanical wave & electromagnetic wave (based on what?), Transverse wave & Longitudinal wave (?)
- Transfer what? Through?
- **Transverse wave**
- Crest, trough and resting position
- Amplitude
- **Longitudinal wave**
- Rarefaction
- **Surface wave**
- Combination of transverse and longitudinal
- **Properties**
- Wavelength
- Frequency (unit?)
- Speed = Wavelenth * Frequency
- **Wave Energy**
- Amount (input energy, frequency, amplitude square)
- Transfer speed (faster vibration, amplitude)
- Unit
### Lesson 2
- **Reflection**
- Law of reflection?
- **Refraction**
- **Diffraction**
- **Absorption**
- Explain in terms of energy
- **Wave Inteference**
- Constructive Interference
- Destructive Inteference
- **Standing Wave**
- Produced by?
- Nodes & Antinodes
- **Resonance**
- Is resonance good or bad?
### Lesson 3
- **Sounds**
- All sounds begin with?
- Mechanical or electromagnetic?
- Travel best through solids and liquids
- Transverse or longitudinal?
- **Reflection**
- **Transmission**
- **Absorption**
- How do people apply sound absorption in movie theatre?
- **Diffraction**
- Why we can hear people talking in nearby rooms?
- **Factos Affecting the Speed of Sound**
- Stiffness
- Density
- Temperature
*Note: Increase/Decrease in which case?*
- **Loudness & Pitch**
- Loudness: affects by which factor, intensity, unit?
- Pitch: affects by which factor
- **Doppler Effect**
- Try to reexplain the cause of effect

***Note: Lesson 4 & 5 chỉ ôn các khái niệm là chính (đề sẽ ra dưới dạng reading task)***
### Lesson 4
- **Electromagnetic Waves**
- Transfer through?
- Different from mechanical waves at what point?
- Example
- **Wave Model**
- Light is transverse or longitudinal?
- Explains which phenomenon?
- **Particle Model**
- Photoelectric effect
- Photon
- Explains which phenomenon?
- **Wavelength & Frequency**
- All electromagnetic waves have same speed in vacuum but different wavelength & frequency
- How wavelength, frequency and energy are related?
- **Elegtromagnetic Spectrum**
- Radio Waves
- Microwaves
- Infrared Rays
- Visible Lights: which colors?
- Ultraviolet Rays
- X-rays
- Gamma Rays
*Note: remember application of each type*
### Lesson 5
- **Light Color & Objects** (mentioned above)
- How materials can be classified?
- Transparent
- Translucent
- Opaque
- **Color of Objects**
- White light
- Why do we see an object has colors?
- **Color Filters**
- Application?
- **Reflecting Light**
- Reflection of light
- Regular reflection
- Diffuse reflection
- **Difference between real image and virtual image**
- **Mirror Images**
- 3 types of mirrors
- **Convex Mirrors**
- Shape
- Image characteristics?
- Focal point
- Optical axis
- **Concave Mirrors**
- Shape
- Focal point
- Image characteristics?
- **Lenses**
- **Convex Lenses**
- Shape
- Image characteristics?
- How to draw image?
- **Concave Mirrors**
- Shape
- Image characteristics?
- How to draw image?

# TOPIC 10: Forces and Motion

### Lesson 1
- **Motion**
- Why motion is said to be relative?
- **Reference point**
- **Force**
- 2 factors of a force?
- 2 types of force and example
- Balanced vs Unbalanced forces
- Net force
### Lesson 2
- **Speed**
- Formula: $$ \text{Speed} = \frac{\text{Distance}}{\text{Time}}$$
- Unit: m/s
- 2 types of speed
- How to calculate speed from a distance-versus-time graph
- **Velocity**
- 2 factors of velocity
- **Acceleration**
- When an object has acceleration?
- Formula: $$ \text{Acceleration} = \frac{\text{Final speed} - \text {Initial speed}}{\text{Time}}$$
- Unit: $\text{m}/\text{s}^2$
- How to calculate acceleration from distance-versus-time or speed-versus-time graph?
### Lesson 3
- **First Law**
- Inertia
- What affects inertia of an object?
- **Second Law**
- Formula: $$\overrightarrow{\text{F}} = m \times \overrightarrow{a}$$
- Unit of each element?
- **Third Law**
- Strength/Direction of action force vs. reaction force?
- Are action force and reaction force balance? Why?