5G Technology
===

::: success
**Introduction**
5G is the **5th generation mobile network**. It is a new global wireless standard after 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G networks. 5G enables a new kind of network that is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects, and devices.

5G wireless technology is **meant to deliver higher multi-Gbps peak data speeds**, **ultra low latency**, **more reliability**, **massive network capacity**, i**ncreased availability**, and a more uniform user experience to more users. **Higher performance and improved efficiency** empower new user experiences and connects new industries.
:::


----

Characteristic
---
**Lets get in depth in 5G Characteristic**. 5G have **Eight** feature that made it **more advance**!

1. **Speed and Bandwidth**: It has speeds as high as 20Gbps and brings 10x to 100x times improvement over 4G LTE.
2. **Low Latency**: It has 1 milisecond latency.
3. **Density**: Allows 100x more connected device in a square kilometer.
4. **Reduction in power consumption**: Reducted power consumption in UEs level.
5. **Security**: better Authentication Server Function and Security Anchor Function.
6. **Coverage**: Expands coverage through several different mechanisms, including midband spectrum use, network densification and massive multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) technology deployment.
7. **Netwrok Slicing**: Software-defined networking and network functions virtualization to split the network into virtual slices.
8. **Future technology enablement**: potential to support innovative new technology and various use cases.

Architechture
---

:::info
**Inherited Component (from 4G)**:
- UE: User Equipment or User devices
- RAN or NG-RAN: Radio access network
- UPF and AMF: User plane function and Access and Mobility Management Function
:::

**Let's go to more in depth explanation!**

1. **UEs**: A term used in LTE, 4G, and 5G wireless communications to describe a mobile device, such as a smartphone that is used to access the network.
2. **RAN**: [Radio Access Network](https://hackmd.io/@Marsyuma/RAN)
3. **UPF**: Operates as the **data plane in the 5G Core** (5GC), handling tasks like **subscriber tunnel encapsulation**, p**acket routing**, **Quality of Service** (QoS) enforcement, **policy application**, **statistics reporting**, **lawful intercept processing**, and **optional advanced services**.
4. **AMF**: Is a **control plane function** in the 5G core network that **handles connection and management mobility tasks**. As the AMF performs the role of access point to the 5G core, terminating RAN control plane and UE traffic originating on the N1 or N2 reference interfaces, it is responsible for NAS ciphering and integrity protection algorithms.
5. **AF**: Application Function (AF), **controlling the application(s)** (with possible involvement also in the user plane)
6. **SMF**: it **collects all the informations related to PDU session management from various network components** (e.g, UPF, PCF, UDM) and controls / orchastrates those network components based on request from AMF.
7. **Unified Data Management (UDM)**
8. **PCF**: Policy Control Function, controls that the **user data traffic does not exceed the negotiated bearer(s)** capacities
9. **NRF**: Network Repository Function, "**controls" the other NFs** by providing support for NF register, deregister and update service to NF and their services.
10. The **security-related NFs**: Network Exposure Function (**NEF**), Authentication Server Function (**AUSF**), Security Anchor Functionality (**SEAF**) – see TechGuide "Security in 5G" The Network Slice Selection Function (**NSSF**) – see TechGuide "Slicing in 5G"