---
# System prepended metadata

title: 伺服器架設

---

# 伺服器架設
## 第一週 (2023-09-12)
### 修改主機名稱
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# hostname` **顯示主機名稱**
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname (想修改的名稱)` **修改主機名稱**
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# bash` **執行使用者直接輸入的命令**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/01_1_hostname_change.png)

---
### 修改網路卡的IP位址
1. 開啟網路設定
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/02_1_wiredmanger.png)
2. 選擇 Host-Only Ethernet 的網路卡(我的是 Wired connection 2)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/02_2_wiredseting.png)
3. 將 IP 設定方式設為手動
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/02_3_IP_method.png)
4. 將 IP 更改為 192.168.56.100 (預設為 192.168.56.101)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/02_4_IP_change.png)
5. 並將子網路遮罩設為 255.255.255.0
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/02_5_IP__subnetmask.png)
6. 重啟網路
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/02_6_networkreset.png)
7. 檢查是否修改成功
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ifconfig`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/02_7_sucess.png)

### 設定兩台機器並 互ping
1. 用7-1 ping 7-2(IP)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/03_1_1ping2.png)
2. 用7-2 ping 7-1(IP)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/03_2_2ping1.png)
3. 用7-1 ping 7-2(主機名稱)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/03_3_1ping2name.png)
4. 用7-2 ping 7-1(主機名稱)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/03_4_2ping1name.png) 

### 用SSH連接機器
1. 用文字編輯器開啟檔案
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/04_1_hostssetting.png)
2. 將圈起來的部分輸入檔案中
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/04_2_hostssetfile.png)
3. 連接7-2超級使用者
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week01/04_3_sshroot7-2.png)


## 第二週 (2023-09-19)
### 使用 Putty 、 WinSCP 連接到 Linux VM
1. 安裝SSH服務必要套件
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# yum install openssh openssh-server  -y`
    > -y 在安裝過程中的問題回答 y
2. 開啟並檢查SSH服務
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl start sshd`  **啟動**
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl status sshd` **關閉**
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl status sshd` **狀態**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week02/01_1_sshstatus.png)

3. 開啟 Putty 並輸入 IP
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week02/01_2_putty.png)

4. 開啟 WinSCP 並輸入 IP、使用者名稱與密碼
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week02/01_3_winscp.png)

5. 成功連線
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week02/01_4_connecting.png)

### SSH 無密碼登入
1. 產生SSH Key
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ssh-keygen`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week02/02_1_sshkeygen.png)

2. 將公鑰放入第二台機器中
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# cd .ssh` **進入.ssh資料夾**
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ssh-copy-id root@mycentos7-2`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week02/02_2_ssh_copyid.png)

3. 測試是否成功
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ssh root@mycentos7-2`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week02/02_3_sshlogin_1.png)

* 複製SSH互信配置到7-2
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# scp /etc/hosts root@centos7-2:/etc/hosts`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week02/04_1_copy_hosts.png)

### 使用SCP拷貝檔案和資料的在練習
1. 先在7-2中創建要複製的檔案
`[root@mycentos7-1 tmp]# mkdir testdir`     **創建testdir資料夾**
`[root@mycentos7-1 tmp]# cd testdir`        **進入testdir資料夾**
`[root@mycentos7-1 testdir]# touch {a..z}`  **創建a到z的資料夾**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week02/04_2_mkdir.png)

2. 將檔案從7-2複製到7-1
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# scp -r /tmp/testdir/ root@mycentos7-1:/tmp`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week02/04_3_本地到遠端.png)


## 第三週 (2023-09-26)
### Apache HTTP服務器程序
1. 安裝HTTP服務必要套件
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# yum install httpd -y`
2. 開啟並檢查SSH服務
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl start httpd`  **啟動**
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl status httpd` **關閉**
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl status httpd` **狀態**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/01_1_httpstatus.png)

3. 檢查HTTP扶助開啟的port(80、443)
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# netstat -tunlp | grep httpd`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/01_2_httpport.png)

4. 在 html 資料夾中創建 hi.htm
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/01_3_httpfile.png)

5. 安照數字順序開啟Web Browser
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/01_4_browseropen.png)

6. 在箭頭處輸入 IPv4本地環回位址+/檔名 127.0.0.1/hi.htm
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/01_5_browser_set.png)

7. 在箭頭處輸入這台機器的IP位址+/檔名 192.168.56.100/hi.htm
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/02_1_browser_setIP.png)

8. 在windows系統中新增 NQU.htm
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/03_1_file.png)

9. 使用WinSCP將檔案放入虛擬機中
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/03_2_winscpmove.png)

10. 將檔案從/user資料夾中移入/html資料夾中
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# cd /var/www/html` **將工作目錄切為/html**
`[root@mycentos7-1 html]# mv /home/user/NQU.htm .`   **將NQU.htm移入/html** 
`[root@mycentos7-1 html]# mv /home/user/NQU.files .` **將NQU.htm移入/html**
`[root@mycentos7-1 html]# mv /home/user/ls` **列出目錄中的文件**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/03_3_movefiles.png)
    > 圈起來的點所代表的意思為當前工作目錄

11. 在箭頭處輸入這台機器的IP位址+/檔名 192.168.56.100/NQU.htm
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/03_4_browser_setIP_NQU.png)

### ngrok
**用於創建本地開發環境的臨時公開訪問地址的工具**
1. 從網路上下載ngrok服務所需的檔案
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]#  wget https://bin.equinox.io/c/bNyj1mQVY4c/ngrok-v3-stable-linux-amd64.tgz`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/04_1_wget.png)
    > wget : 下載網路文件的工具

2. 解壓縮ngrok檔案
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# tar zxvf ngrok-v3-stable-linux-amd64.tgz` 
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/04_2_tarngrok.png)
    > tar : 用於打包、壓縮、解壓縮的工具
    > #### zxvf : 
    > * z-使用gzip進行壓縮與解壓所
    > * x-從打包文件中提取文件
    > * v-顯示提取的文件列表
    > * f-顯示被提取文件的副檔名

3. 進入ngrok網站並登入
[ngrok網站](https://ngrok.com/)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/04_3_ngroklogin.png)

4. ngrok進行身份驗證
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ./ngrok config add-authtoken 2VvKkARhV08e8W4AFir8heKA3BY_2E3gSf8jpQhH9rjdtSWpZ`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/04_4_token.png)
    > ./ : 告訴系統在當前目錄下執行

5. 開啟ngrok服務(port 80)
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ./ngrok http 80`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/04_5_ngrok.png)

6. 開啟網站並輸入文件名稱
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/04_6_ngrok_web.png)

### 系統監視與行程管理(HTOP)
**用於 Unix 系統的互動式進程查看器**
1. 從網路上下載HTOP服務所需的檔案
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# wget https://src.fedoraproject.org/lookaside/extras/htop/htop-2.2.0.tar.gz/sha512/ec1335bf0e3e0387e5e50acbc508d0effad19c4bc1ac312419dc97b82901f4819600d6f87a91668f39d429536d17304d4b14634426a06bec2ecd09df24adc62e/htop-2.2.0.tar.gz`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/05_1_nfsdownload.png)

2. 解壓縮HTOP檔案
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# tar zxvf htop-2.2.0.tar.gz`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/05_2_tarnfs.png)

3. 檢查你的系統是否擁有所需的依賴項，設置構建環境並創建一個 "Makefile"
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# cd htop-2.2.0/` **切換到htop目錄**
`[root@mycentos7-1 htop-2.2.0]# ./configure` **運行./configure腳本**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/05_3_configure.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/05_4_makefile.png)

4. 安裝已編譯的軟件
`[root@mycentos7-1 htop-2.2.0]# make install` 
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/05_5_makeinstall.png)

5. 安裝gcc和ncurses-devel
`[root@mycentos7-1 htop-2.2.0]# yum install gcc ncurses-devel`
    > gcc : GNU Compiler Collection
    > ncurses : 在文本界面上創建圖形界面的函式庫

6. 開啟HTOP介面
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week03/05_6_htop.png)


## 第四週 (2023-10-03)
### NFS伺服器
**Network File System（NFS）是一種分佈式文件系統協議，用於在網絡上共享文件和資源。**
https://qizhanming.com/blog/2018/08/08/how-to-install-nfs-on-centos-7
#### Server端(7-3)
1. 在伺服器端建立資料夾
`[root@mycentos7-3 ~]# cd /`
`[root@mycentos7-3 /]# mkdir /data -p`
`[root@mycentos7-3 /]# ls -al /data`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week04/01_1_servermkdir.png)
    > -p : 資料夾如果不存在就建立，存在就不建立
    > -a : all，顯示隱藏的文件和目錄
    > -l : long，以詳細的格式顯示每個文件和目錄的信息

2. 安装NFS套件
`[root@mycentos7-3 /]# yum install nfs-utils`

3. 將NFS設置為開機啟動
`[root@mycentos7-3 /]# systemctl enable rpcbind`
`[root@mycentos7-3 /]# systemctl enable nfs`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week04/01_2_nfsenable.png)

4. 啟動NFS服務
`[root@mycentos7-3 /]# systemctl start rpcbind`
`[root@mycentos7-3 /]# systemctl start nfs`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week04/01_3_nfsstart.png)

5. 創建exports檔
`[root@mycentos7-3 /]# vim /etc/exports`
`[root@mycentos7-3 /]# cat /etc/exports`
`/data 192.168.56.0/24(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week04/01_4_exports.png)
    > /data : 共享目錄位置
    > rw : 可讀可寫
    > sync : 同步共享目錄
    > no_root_squash : 管理者權限
    > no_all_squash : 使用者權限

6. 重啟NFS，並檢查7-3的共享目錄
`[root@mycentos7-3 /]# systemctl restart nfs`
`[root@mycentos7-3/]# showmount -e localhost`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week04/01_5_servershowmount.png)

#### Client端(7-1, 7-2)
1. 在客戶端建立資料夾
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# mkdir /nfs-data -p`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ls -al /nfs-data`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week04/02_1_clientmkdir.png)

2. 安装NFS套件
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# yum install nfs-utils`

3. 啟動NFS服務
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl start rpcbind`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week04/02_2_clientstart.png)

4. 掛載
**/etc/hosts 請先將此文件建立好，否則會出現問題** ***詳情請見[hosts](https://hackmd.io/pXN85ukpTOez4FlHJpSu8g?view#%E7%94%A8SSH%E9%80%A3%E6%8E%A5%E6%A9%9F%E5%99%A8)***
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# showmount -e mycentos7-3`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# showmount -e 192.168.56.102`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week04/02_3_clientshowmount.png)

5. 結果
    1. Client端
    `[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# cd /nfs-data/`
    `[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# touch a.txt`
    `[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ls`

    2. Server端
    `[root@mycentos7-3 /]# cd /data/`
    `[root@mycentos7-3 /]# ls`
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week04/02_4_result.png)


## 第五週 (2023-10-17)
### SAMBA
**不同平台之間的檔案和列印共享**
1. 安裝SAMBA服務所需套件，建立測試資料夾
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# yum install samba samba-client samba-common -y`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# mkdir /test_samba -p`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# chown nobody ./test_samba/`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# chmod 777 ./test_samba/`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ls -l -d /test_samba/`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/01_1_sambamkdir.png)
    > -d : directory，僅列出目錄本身，而不顯示它們的內容


2. 編輯設定檔
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf`
    ```
        [test]  共享的名稱
                comment = for test  描述共享的用途或特點
                path = /test_samba  共享的測試資料夾位置(要設在root下)
                read only = no  可修改或刪除
                guest ok = yes  可以給一般使用者使用，以訪客身份訪問共享
                browseable = yes  可以瀏覽的
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/01_2_testconf.png)

3. 重新啟動Samba
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl restart smb`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl status smb`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/01_3_smbstart.png)

4. 檢查Samba配置文件
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# testparm`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/01_4_testparm.png)

5. 檢查Samba的port(445、139)
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# netstat tunlp | grep smb`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/01_5_tinlp.png)

6. 設定Samba密碼
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# smbpasswd -a user`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/01_6_smbuser.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/01_7_smbpwd.png)
    > -a : add，添加指定用戶的Samba密碼
    > 密碼 : user

7. 開啟Windows檔案總管並輸入IP
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/01_8_windowsip.png)
    > IP前要加 \\\

8. 輸入帳號密碼
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/01_9_userlogion.png)
    > 帳號 : user
    > 密碼 : user

9. 在Windows系統中新增一個文字檔，並確認是否共享成功
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/01_10_userresult.png)

### 切換使用者
1. 清除暫存密碼，開啟cmd(Windows)
`C:\Users\willy>net use * /delet`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/03_1_netclear.png)
> 建議重複操作數次，如還無法成功，建議重啟檔案總管或重啟電腦

2. 新增一個使用者(tom)
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# useradd tom`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# passwd tom` **設定登入密碼**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/02_1_addtom.png)

3. 創建一個文字檔
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# cd /home/tom`
`[root@mycentos7-1 tom]# echo tom > tom.txt`
`[root@mycentos7-1 tom]# ls`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/02_2_tomfile.png)

4. 設定tom的Samba密碼
`[root@mycentos7-1 tom]# smbpasswd -a tom`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/02_3_tompwd.png)
    > 密碼 : tom

5. 登入tom
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/02_4_tomlogin.png)
    > 帳號 : tom
    > 密碼 : tom

6. 確認是否共享成功
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week05/02_5_tomresult.png)

## 第六週 (2023-10-24)
### IPV6
1. 將網路卡設定調為僅一張橋接介面卡
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week06/01_1_networkset.png)

2. 確認IP
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ifconfig`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week06/01_2_ifconfig.png)
    > 20開頭才是我們所需要的

3. 連接PUTTY
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week06/01_3_putty.png)
    > 若失敗，檢查SSH服務是否開啟

4. 連接網站
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week06/01_4_web.png)
    > 若失敗，檢查HTTP服務是否開啟

5. IPV6架站
[dynv6](https://https://dynv6.com/)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week06/01_5_CREATE.png)

6. 連接
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week06/01_6_WEB2.png)


## 第七週 (2023-10-31)
### 變數
HOME (echo $HOME)
PATH 當前目錄路徑 `echo $PATH`
USER 使用者身分 `echo $USER`
UID 當前使用者id `echo $UID`
RANDOM 產生亂數 `echo $RANDOM`
history 當前所有歷史,可以追蹤目前使用者下過的指令
lang 儲存使用者語系
PWD 目前所在目錄
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/01_random.png)

env 產生所有資訊
新增變數 (=號左右不可有空白,數字與特殊符號開頭也不行,只有_底線開頭可以)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/02_%E6%96%B0%E5%A2%9E%E8%AE%8A%E6%95%B8.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/02_%E6%96%B0%E5%A2%9E%E8%AE%8A%E6%95%B82.png)

a是變數 aa其中一個加上{}可以避免出錯
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/03_aaa.png)

`echo "字串 $a"` 雙引號可以替換變數
`echo '字串 $a'` 單引號不能替換
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/04_%E5%96%AE%E9%9B%99%E5%BC%95%E8%99%9F.png)

read 跟使用者互動,讀取使用者輸入資料, "文字"要輸入的內容會以字串方式存入, no 是自己取的名稱
`echo $名稱` 會出現存入的字串
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/05_read.png)

0 是正常 , 非零值是錯誤(不一定是127,不同錯誤會有不同值出現)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/06_%E9%9D%9E0.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/06_%E9%9D%9E02.png)

連接多個指令可以用: ||, ;, &&
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/07_%E9%80%A3%E6%8E%A5.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/07_%E9%80%A3%E6%8E%A52.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/07_%E9%80%A3%E6%8E%A53.png)

### 檔案管理
指令
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/08_%E6%8C%87%E4%BB%A4.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/08_%E6%8C%87%E4%BB%A4e.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/08_%E6%8C%87%E4%BB%A4s.png)

### 字串測試
指令
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/09_%E6%8C%87%E4%BB%A4.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/09_%E6%8C%87%E4%BB%A4z.png)

變數比較 (=左右要有空白否則都是錯)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/10_test.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/10_test2.png)

### 數值比較
指令
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/11_%E6%95%B8%E5%80%BC%E6%AF%94%E8%BC%83.png)

數值比較測試
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/11_%E6%95%B8%E5%80%BC%E6%AF%94%E8%BC%831.png)

數字比較不要用=,>=,<=,等符號
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/11_%E6%95%B8%E5%80%BC%E6%AF%94%E8%BC%832.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/11_%E6%95%B8%E5%80%BC%E6%AF%94%E8%BC%833.png)

### shell 腳本
創建Shell
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/12_shell.png)

腳本內容
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/12_shell2.png)

linux 的加減乘除
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/12_shell3.png)

結果
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week07/12_shell4.png)


## 第八週 (2023-11-14)
### PPTP VPN
1. 新增一張網路卡(內部網路)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week08/01_1_lan1.png)
    > Virtualbox 有三張卡，分別為NAT、Hostonly跟剛新增的內部網路卡(lan1)

2. 安裝PPTP服務所需套件
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# yum install ppp pptpd -y` **如果無法成功安裝，則使用下面的指令**
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# yum install -y epel-release` **安裝此第三方套件**

3. 編輯PPTP服務的配置檔
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# vim /etc/pptpd.conf`
    ```
    localip 192.168.10.1
    remoteip 192.168.0.100-150
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week08/01_2_vim.png)

4. 修改7-2的IP(192.168.56.101 -> 192.168.0.2)
`[root@mycentos7-2 ~]# ping 192.168.0.1` **(192.168.0.1 7-1的內部網路卡)**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week08/01_3_changeip.png)
    > 參考[修改網路卡的IP位址](https://hackmd.io/pXN85ukpTOez4FlHJpSu8g?view#%E4%BF%AE%E6%94%B9%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E5%8D%A1%E7%9A%84IP%E4%BD%8D%E5%9D%80)

5. 嘗試7-2 ping 7-1的內部網路卡
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week08/01_4_result.png)

6. 設定VPN帳號、密碼
    `[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# vim /etc/ppp/chap-secrets`
    ```
    test pptpd 123456 * 
    帳號         密碼
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week08/02_1_vpnpwd.png)
    > *: 代表所有IP都可以訪問

7. 設置最大傳輸單元MTU
`vim /etc/ppp/ip-up`
    ```
    ifconfig ppp0 mtu 1472
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week08/02_2_ipup.png)
    > MTU : 代表一個聯網裝置將接受的最大資料封包的大小。

8. 把電腦變成路由器模式
    `[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf`
    ```
    net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
    ```
    `[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# sysctl -p` **使修改後的參數生效**
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week08/02_3_sysctl.png)

9. 重啟PPTP服務(記得關閉防火牆跟getenforce)
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl restart pptpd`

10. 連線VPN
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week08/02_4_VPN.png)

11. 結果(在同一台機器上做會無限循環，無法連到外網)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week08/02_5_result.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week08/02_6_result.png)


## 第九週 (2023-11-21)
### Network 和 Network Manager
**Network 和 Network Manager 只能選取一個**
1. 開關enp0s8
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ifconfig enp0s8 down` **關**
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ifconfig enp0s8 up` **開**
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ifconfig enp0s8` **檢查enp0s8**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week09/01_2_ifconfigdown.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week09/01_3_ifconfigup.png)

2. 關閉enp0s8連線
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ifconfig enp0s8 0`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week09/01_4_ifconfig0.png)

3. 修改最大傳輸單位
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ifconfig enp0s8 mtu 1000 up`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week09/01_5_ifconfigmtu.png)

4. 更改網卡物理地址(Mac Address)
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ifconfig enp0s8 hw ether aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week09/01_6_MAC.png)

5. 複製網路介面卡，新增IP位置
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ifconfig enp0s8:1 192.168.56.100 netmask 255.255.255.0`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week09/01_7_110.png)

6. 查詢網卡
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ip addr show` **= ifconfig**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week09/01_8_ipaddr.png)

7. 檢查route
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# route -n`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week09/01_9_route.png)

8. 創建網卡設定
    `[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts`
    `[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# gedit ifcfg-enp0s8` **Host-Only網卡名稱**
    ```
    TYPE=Ethernet
    DEVICE=enp0s8
    ONBOOT=yes
    BOOTPROTO=static
    IPADDR=192.168.56.100
    NETMASK=255.255.255.0
    GATEWAY=0.0.0.0
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week09/01_10_gedit.png)

9. 檢查資料夾內的網卡設定
**只能留下圈起來的兩張，如果沒有作將無法重啟Network**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week09/01_11_ls.png)

10. 關閉Network Manager，重啟Network，能Ping 8.8.8.8及為成功
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl restart network`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl status network`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# ping 8.8.8.8`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week09/01_12_ping.png)


## 第十週 (2023-11-28)
### 建立 Echo 伺服器
1. 以Python撰寫一個簡單的echo伺服器
`vim /opt/echo_server.py`
    ```
    #!/usr/bin/env python3
    import socket

    # 建立 socket
    serv = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    # 綁定所有網路介面的 9000 連接埠
    serv.bind(('0.0.0.0', 9000))

    # 開始接受 client 連線
    serv.listen()

    while True:

        # 接受 client 連線
        conn, addr = serv.accept()
        print('Client from', addr)

        while True:

            # 接收資料
            data = conn.recv(1024)

            # 若無資料則離開
            if not data: break

            # 傳送資料
            conn.send(data)

        conn.close()
        print('Client disconnected')
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week10/01_1_vim.png)
2. 開執行權限，啟動echo伺服器
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# chmod +x /opt/echo_server.py`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# /opt/echo_server.py`

3. 開啟7-2虛擬機，並開啟Echo_Server
`[root@mycentos7-2 ~]# systemctl start echo_server`
`[root@mycentos7-2 ~]# nc localhost 9000`

4. 結果
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week10/01_2_echoresult.png)

### Telnet
1. 安裝Telnet服務所需套件
`yum install telnet-server telnet xinetd -y`

2. 啟動Telnet
`systemctl start telnet.socket`
`systemctl start xinetd`
`netstat -tunlp | grep 23`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week10/02_1_start.png)
    > t : TCP
    > u : udp
    > n : 不解析
    > l : listen
    > p : process ID

3. 開啟Putty
**選取Telnet，並輸入機器IP**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week10/02_2_telnet.png)

4. 結果
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week10/02_3_result.png)


## 第十一週 (2023-12-05)
### LAMP
#### MYSQL
1. 安裝並啟動MYSQL
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# yum install mariadb-server mariadb`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl start mariadb`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl enable mariadb.service`
2. 設定資料庫
    ```
    Set root password? [Y/n] Y : 是否設置root用户密碼
    New password: 123456: 
    Re-enter new password: 123456
    Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y : 刪除匿名用戶
    Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n : 取消root用戶遠端登入
    Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] n : 刪除test庫和對test庫的訪問權限
    其他的Enter跳過
    ```

3. 開啟MYSQL
`mysql -u root -p`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week11/01_1_opensql.png)

4. SQL指令(DataBase **=>** Table **=>** Data **=>** Field)
    ```
    MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; 顯示目前有的資料庫
    MariaDB [(none)]> create database testdb; 創建資料庫
    MariaDB [(none)]> use testdb; 使用資料庫
    MariaDB [testdb]> create table assrbook(Name varchar(50) notnull, Phone char(10)); 創建資料表
    MariaDB [testdb]> insert into addrbook(Name, Phone) values ("Tom", "0912123456"); 加入資料1
    MariaDB [testdb]> insert into addrbook(Name, Phone) values ("Mary", "0912123567"); 加入資料2
    MariaDB [testdb]> select * from addrbook; 選擇資料
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week11/01_2_showdatabases.png)
    
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week11/01_3_create_db.png)

    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week11/01_4_createtable.png)
    > CREATE TABLE 可以加條件 創建資料表名稱(資料欄位1 資料類型, 資料欄位2 資料類型, ...) 
    > 資料類型 : TEXT INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT

    > SELECT 可以把值取出
    > SELECT 資料欄位1, 資料欄位2, ...
    FROM   創建資料名
    WHERE  符合的資料(資料欄位1 = 10之類的)

    >INSERT INTO 資料表名稱 (資料欄位1, 資料欄位2,...)]
    VALUES 值;

    >DELETE FROM 資料表名稱
    >WHERE  符合的資料

#### PHP
1. 安裝PHP
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# yum install php php-mysql php-fpm`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service` **重新啟動Apache，讓PHP運作**

2. 測試PHP是否正常運作
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# vim /var/www/html/info.php`
    ```
    <?php phpinfo(); ?>
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week11/02_1_info.png)
`http://機器IP/info.php` **在網站輸入**
若成功會出現下圖
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week11/02_2_result.png)

3. 創建testdb.php
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# vim /var/www/html/testdb.php`
    ```
    <?php
    $servername="127.0.0.1"; SQL和PHP同一台主機上，所以servername寫127.0.0.1，不用寫其他名字或IP
    $username="root";
    $password="123456";
    $dbname="testdb";

    $conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

    if($conn->connect_error){
        die("connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
    }
    else{
        echo "connect OK!" . "<br>";
    }

    $sql="select Name,Phone from addrbook";
    $result=$conn->query($sql);

    if($result->num_rows>0){
        while($row=$result->fetch_assoc()){
            echo "Name: " . $row["Name"] . "\tPhone: " . $row["Phone"] . "<br>";
        }
    } 
    else {
        echo "0 record";
    }
    ?>
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week11/02_3_testdb_php.png)
設定完後重啟Apache
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl restart httpd`


4. 結果
`http://機器IP/testdb.php` **在網站輸入**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week11/02_4_result.png)
    > 如果無法連線到SQL，要設定 : 
    `[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# setsebool httpd_can_network_connect_db=1`



## 第十二週 (2023-12-12)
### HTTP架站
1. 將網路卡設定調為僅一張橋接介面卡

2. 安裝Certbot
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# yum install epel-release mod_ssl certbot -y`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week12/01_1_networkset.png)

3. 申請憑證
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# certbot certonly --webroot -w /var/www/html/ -d yourdomain.dns.army --email youremail`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week12/01_2_certbotcode.png)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week12/01_3_certbotyesno.png)


4. 設定授權檔案
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week12/01_4_conf.png)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week12/01_5_conf2.png)

5. 重啟HTTP
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl restart httpd`

6. 結果
**線鎖頭而不是不安全時，及代表成功**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/week12/01_6_result.png)


## 第十三週 (2023-12-19)
### 資料夾限制IP存取
1. 編輯conf檔
`[root@mycentos7-2 ~]# cd /etc/httpd/conf`
`[root@mycentos7-2 conf]# ls`
`[root@mycentos7-2 conf]# gedit httpd.conf`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/01_1_path.png)

2.  將權限改為可覆蓋所有指令
`AllowOverride None -> AllowOverride All`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/01_2_nonetoall.png)

3. 設定資料夾b可閱覽的權限(Windows-192.168.56.1)
    ```
    <Directory /var/www/html/b>
        Order deny,allow 先禁止，後允許的順序來處理存取控制
        Deny from all 拒絕所有用戶對這個目錄或位置的存取
        Allow from 192.168.56.1 允許特定IP地址的用戶對特定目錄或文件進行存取
    </Directory>
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/01_3_confset.png)

4. 創建資料夾b，並創建文字檔
`[root@mycentos7-2 ~]# cd /var/www/html`
`[root@mycentos7-2 html]# mkdir b`
`[root@mycentos7-2 html]# cd b`
`[root@mycentos7-2 b]# echo "Hello Chieh" > hello.txt`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/01_4_.png)

5. 測試結果
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/01_5_result.png)

### 密碼登入下載檔案
1. 編輯conf檔
`[root@mycentos7-2 ~]# cd /etc/httpd/conf`
`[root@mycentos7-2 conf]# ls`
`[root@mycentos7-2 conf]# gedit httpd.conf`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/01_1_path.png)

2. 設定
    ```
    <Directory /var/www/html/files>
        Options Indexes 啟用目錄列表或目錄索引功能
        AllowOverride AuthConfig 用於啟用或配置身份驗證機制
    </Directory>
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/02_1conf.png)

3. 創建files資料夾，並設定密碼
`[root@mycentos7-2 ~]# cd /var/www/html`
`[root@mycentos7-2 html]# mkdir files`
`[root@mycentos7-2 html]# cd files`
`[root@mycentos7-2 files]# htpasswd -c .htpasswd user
`
`[root@mycentos7-2 files]# htpasswd .htpasswd tom
`
`[root@mycentos7-2 files]# cat .htpasswd`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/02_2_.png)

4. 創建.htaccess
`[root@mycentos7-2 files]# vim .htaccess`
`[root@mycentos7-2 files]# cat .htaccess`
    ```
    AuthType Basic 指定所使用的身份驗證類型
    AuthName "Private File Area" 指定身份驗證對話框中顯示的領域名稱
    AuthUserFile /var/www/html/files/.htpasswd 指定存儲用戶認證信息的文件的路徑
    Require valid-user 指示只有經過驗證的使用者才能訪問
    ```
    ![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/02_3_.png)

5. 測試結果
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/02_4_result.png)

* 查詢有哪些IP連入
`[root@mycentos7-2 httpd]# tail -n 5 acess log`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/02_5_tail.png)

### FTP
1. 安裝FTP服務所需套件
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# yum install vsftpd -y`

2. 啟動FTP服務(安裝好後不會開啟要自己啟動)
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl start vsftpd`
`[root@mycentos7-1 ~]# systemctl status vsftpd`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/03_1_ftpstart.png)

3. 檢查它的port
`netstat -tunlp | grep vsftpd`
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/03_2_netstat.png)

4. 開啟WinSCP並輸入IP
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/03_3_ftplogin.png)

5. 測試結果
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Chieh0622/Linux/main/CentOS7-Photo/Class/20231219/03_4_ftppub.png)
