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**Crap Detection**



**Reading Response:**
Distinguishing real from fake can sometimes be hard. Everywhere we look we see "fake" and "false" claims on the internet. Most sites target its users by falsely advertising inaccurate information for the gains of views and clicks. All of which makes it difficult for readers to have some "sort of truthiness" when they're browsing the internet (Valenza)

According to Valenza fake news comes in all forms including, "hoax sites with the intention to trick readers/viewers, satirical sites that present news with a comical, often exaggerated spin and born digital images and edited images alter and often misrepresent visual reality." All this means is that readers and viewers are more prone to falling in the trap of these sites because  everything seems to be legit and factual. Ultimately this conquers the mind of readers, which leads to viewers not being careful with what they're indulging. Also, I would like to conclude that many people fall for fake news because of a human feature called "cognitive biases" which simply means "detours or shortcuts in reasoning, remembering, or evaluating something that can lead to mistaken conclusions." Everyone has this and it makes falling for fake information easy.([https://www.cits.ucsb.edu/fake-news/why-we-fall])

Although it seems impossible to discern real from fake, there are steps you can take to evaluate resources, so you won't get tricked. For instance it is important to analyze a author's name to acknowledge their credentials, know the purpose of source (why was it created?), where it was published...etc. (Berkley Library). Following these steps is crucial in saving you time from fake online resources. 



**Google Search**
What would you query to see how many pages on the English Wikipedia site contain the exact phrase “Northeastern University”? How many results did you get?

[Site:wikipedia.org "Northeastern university"](https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=Site%3Awikipedia.org+%22Northeastern+university%22&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8)
About 389,000 results


What would you query to see web pages about the skate fish without mention of the phrase “ice rink”?

[skate fish -"ice rink"](https://www.google.com/search?q=skate+fish+-%22ice+rink%22&client=safari&rls=en&ei=z3DNY8qlEsTYptQP49CxyA0&ved=0ahUKEwiKydy02Nv8AhVErIkEHWNoDNkQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=skate+fish+-%22ice+rink%22&gs_lcp=Cgxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAQAzoNCAAQRxDWBBDJAxCwAzoKCAAQRxDWBBCwAzoICAAQkgMQsANKBAhBGABKBAhGGABQ0A1Y0A1gwxRoAnABeACAATqIATqSAQExmAEAoAEByAEHwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz-serp)


What would you query to see web pages about the Northeastern Huskies from the first day of 2001 through the last day of 2002?

[Northeastern Huskies](https://www.google.com/search?q=northeastern+huskies&client=safari&rls=en&source=lnt&tbs=cdr%3A1%2Ccd_min%3A1%2F1%2F2001%2Ccd_max%3A12%2F31%2F2002&tbm=)


**Find me the top image of the exact phrase “penguin pair” with a “Creative Commons” usage right.**
![](https://i.imgur.com/zGcpGEj.png)



**Web Credibility**
[Vice President Kamala Harris to visit Tallahassee for Roe v. Wade anniversary](https://www.wtxl.com/news/local-news/vice-president-kamala-harris-to-speak-at-pro-abortion-rally-in-tallahassee)

Authority: The author is a digital staff from WTXL news, which leaves us wondering who is the exact person that wrote this article, and if we don't know the author, we won't be able to see if they have written anything else. We have no clue what specific gender or political orientations they have.

Documentation: The WTXL digital staff stated that "The owner of The Moon, Scott Carswell confirmed that VP Harris will speak at their venue." However, they did not include any citations from where they got their information. We also don't know if this author is affiliated with Scott Carswell so without citation we can't rely on that claim.



**Wikpedia evaluation**
According to the policy of Wikipedia verifiability, these claims about Joseph Reagle are are not 100% verifiable. Claim (a) is true because there is a supportable link saying he worked at World Wide Web Consortium. However, Claim (b) is not true because there is no documented link that says his book was bestselling. For this reason, I would suggest removing the word best selling because there is no valid evidence stating his book "Good Faith Collaboration" became a best selling.

According to its history, the first page was created on November 2, 2015













