# Jonathan Notes #3

Main reference: [5G 101 Part 1](https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/16515/349885?utm_source=brighttalk-portal&utm_medium=web&utm_content=Parallel Wireless&utm_campaign=webcasts-search-results-feed)
Deadline: 12th April 2020

###### tags: `ET6207701`

[TOC]

## Evolution of Cellular Networks

### 1G
hint: analog
**Voice only service**
### 2G
hint: digital
**Voice and data service, designed for voice**

2.5G : General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)
GPRS supports flexible data transmission rates and provides continuous connection with the network. It also allows for the service provider to charge for the amount of data that is sent rather than their connection time.

2.75G: Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE)

### 3G
hint: Multimedia

CDMA & UMTS technology.
Could be used for video call and live streaming.

### 4G
hint: higher data rates, all-IP based

MAGIC: Mobile multimedia, Anywhere, Global mobility solutions over Integrated wireless and Customized services
4G by default is data only services, voice services accomodated by VoIP or VoLTE.

1. WiMax
LTE competitor, immobile, based on wifi.
Example in Indonesia are Sitra Wimax.

2. LTE
evolved from an earlier 3GPP system known as the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), which in turn evolved from the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM).

3. VoLTE
Voice over LTE, using additional parts. Generally used by provider who doesn't own 2G/3G infrastructure.
Example: *SmartFren in Indonesia, ex-CDMA operator convert to 4G operator with no 2G / GSM infrastructure so they didn't have voice service in the early days. Later use VoLTE.*


### 5G
hint: multi-use case
5G technology could be seen as communication system designed for IoTs

## IMT 2020 Vision

1. Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB): Human-to-human communication, improvement of 4G
2. Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC): IoT use case for massive amount of devices. Low date rates, low energy, high density.
3. Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (uRLLC): Emergency IoT devices. Need very low transmission error rate and very low delay.

## 5G Deployment Scenario
There are several 5G roll out scenario


the dotted line is the control plane while the solid line is the user plane

**Using the 4G Core Network (EPC)**
- Option 1: SA LTE connected to EPC
Basicly this one is fully 4G connection. like what operators do.
- Option 3: NSA LTE assisted NR
connected to EPC

**Using the 5G Core Network 5GC**
- Option 2: SA NR connected to 5GC.
Basicly this one is fully 5G connection
- Option 5: SA LTE connected to 5GC
4G basestation using the 5GC
- Option 4: NSA NR assisted LTE connected to 5GC
4G bs and 5G bs (master) are co-existed but using 5GC
- Option 7: NSA LTE assisted NR connected to 5GC
4G bs (master) and 5G bs are co-existed but using 5GC

There are several migration paths that the operators could be used as their 5G roll out strategy


The end of the roll out, the operators will use the 5GC and gNB with/without eNB. if the operators choose to use the eNB so it will support dual connectivity.


## 5G Core

5G Core will be Service Based Architecture

the SBA consist of SBI (Service Based INterface) and NF (Network Functions/ SBA APIs)