Python 內建容器

tags: `Python` `Container`

2022/04/01 by JohnAxer

Python 內建容器 Container
- 容器顧名思義就是用來儲存物品的東西，而用來裝資料的就是資料容器。Python 內建有四大資料容器，好好利用，對於解決問題有莫大的幫助。
  - 串列(list): a = [1,2,3,4]
  - 元組(tuple): t = (1,2,3,4)
  - 集合(set): s = {1,2,3,4}
  - 字典(dictionay): d = {"age":28, "name": "JohnAxer"}

集合

使用範例
















































#宣告或定義
e1 = set()
s1 = {1, 2, 5, 5, 8}
s2 = { i**2 for i in range(5) }  # {0, 1, 4, 9, 16}
print("e1 =", e1)
print("s1 =", s1)
print("s2 =", s2)

#集合元素的增刪與巡覽
s1.add(9)
print("s1 =", s1)
s1.remove(5)
print("s1 =", s1)
result = 16 in s2
print("16 in s2 = ", result)
for i in s2:
    print(i)

#集合屬性 len、sum、max、min
print("len =", len(s1))
print("sum =", sum(s1))
print("max =", max(s1))
print("min =", min(s1))

#集合運算
#union
s3 = s1 | s2
print("s3 =", s3)

#intersection
s4 = s1 & s2
print("s4 =", s4)

#差集
s5 = s1 - s2
s6 = s2 - s1
print("s5 =", s5)
print("s6 =", s6)

#對稱差集
s7 = s1 ^ s2
print("s7 =", s7)

#轉型
a = [1, 2, 3, 5, 5, 5, 10]
s8 = set(a)    # {1, 2, 3, 5, 10}
a = list(s8)   # [1, 2, 3, 5, 10]
print(a)

集合中的元素本身是無序的且不重複的，所以，集合不能排序。

字典

範例

















































#宣告
d1 = {}      #空字典
d2 = dict()  #空字典
d3 = {
    "name": 'johnaxer',
    'age': 50,
    'height': 170,
    'weight': 72,
    'salary': [6, 7, 8, 6],
    5: "888"
}

#存取 Read
print(d3['name'])
#print(d3['sex'])   #error
print(d3.get('sex'))

#取得所有 key
print(list(d3.keys()))

#判斷有沒有這個 key
print("sex" in d3.keys())
print("age" in d3.keys())
print("abc" in d3)

#取出所有值
print(list(d3.values()))
a = list(d3.values())
print(a[4][2])

#新增 create
d3["sex"] = "男"
print(d3)

#修改  update
d3["sex"] = '女'
print(d3)
print(len(d3))

#刪除  delete
del d3["salary"]
print(d3)

sex = d3.pop("sex")
print(d3)
print(sex)

d3.clear()
print(d3)

Python 內建容器

tags: Python Container

2022/04/01 by JohnAxer

tags: `Python` `Container`