# About Me
- A senior in dept. of Electrical Engineering
- A representative in Student Council
- Former deputy speaker
- Former president of 4^th^ men's dorm student association
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# 起源
# The Origin
- 台大學生會前身為台大學生代表聯合會(代聯會),然而由於主席不由學生直選,因此長期處於威權執政黨國民黨的掌握之下。
- NTUSA was formerly "Student Representative Union," which was basically under the control of Kuo-Ming Tang, then the authoritarion ruling party, and hence limited the direct participation of students.
- 在基於現今交通部長林佳龍學代的直選方案,引入權力制衡的概念之後,代聯會於1988年改革為今日之學生會,並由民進黨秘書長羅文嘉同學當選第一任會長。
- After introducing the seperation of powers, the Student Representative Union was reformed as Student Association, which consists of three departments (trias politica), in 1988.
- 改革前後最大的差異在於學生會會長或代聯會主席是否能由學生直選。在間接選舉的制度下,威權當局國民黨有比較大的操作空間。最著名的案例乃是前總統馬英九,其於就讀台大時曾擔任代聯會秘書長。
- The greatest difference between before and after the reformation is the direct election of the president/chair. The indirect election of chair of Representative Union allowed the ruling party to put the organization under control. The most famous case was Former President Ma, who served as the secretary general of Representative Union.
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# 三權分立
# Trias Politica
- 廣義的學生會包括:
- 行政部門學生會(狹義學生會,NTUSA);
- 立法部門學生代表大會(學代會,NTUSC),負責監督行政部門、審核預算以及制定法律等;
- 司法部門學生法院(NTUSJ),職司平衡行政及立法部門、裁判與學生憲章之解釋。
- The broad student association includes:
- the executive department, as the narrow **student association** (NTUSA);
- the legislative department, also known as the **student council** (NTUSC), responsible for observation of the executive department, amendment of budgets, and enactment of laws;
- the judical department; also known as **student judiciary** (NTUSJ) or student court, responsible for balancing the executive department and the legislative department, making judgement, and statutory interpretation.
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# 社會責任
# Social Responsibilities
- 作為全台第一志願,學生會十餘年來無論是在校園內或是社會中,尤其是社會運動與民主事件中,都十分活躍並扮演著重要的角色。較著名的事件有野百合學運、野草莓學運與太陽花學運。
- As the top 1 university in Taiwan, NTUSA has been actively participating and playing an important role over decades, not only in NTU but also in the society, especially social movements and democratic events, such as but not limited to the Wild Lily Event, the Wild Strawberries Event, and the Sunflower Event.
- 野百合學運也稱三月學運,導源於「萬年國會」於1990年時欲決議延長自身任期。由於威權當局聲稱自己是中國政府,因此其中央民意代表自然須由全中國人民選出,而僅由台灣人民選出則是不具正當性的。因此,中央民意代表即國民大會與立法院已多次展延其任期,以待「光復大陸」後再行改選。當時學生們群集於中正紀念堂前(中正為第一任總統蔣中正)靜坐,在經過大約一星期的抗爭後,前總統李登輝宣佈修改憲法、終結萬年國會,事件就此落幕。
- The Wild Lily Event, or the March Movement, was stimulated by the "permenant congress" in 1990. The legislators of the authoritarian government extended their term of service repeatedly, in an excuse of "waiting for recapturing China." Since the authoritarian government take themselves as the single legal government of Chian, the legislators should thus be elected by the people of whole China instead of only people in Taiwan. After about a week of protestion, the Wild Lily Event eventually lead the government to amending the constitution and direct presidential election.
- 太陽花學運又稱318學運,是對社會的另一個衝擊。為了落實程序正義與杯葛海峽兩岸服務貿易協議(服貿),不少學生與異議性社團遂於立法院前抗議。太陽花學運是自野百合以來最大的公民不服從運動,此事件也使得公民社會蓬勃發展與許多第三勢力政黨的成立。
- The Sunflower Event, or the 318 Movement, was another impact on the society. In order to implement the procedual justice, boycott a Taiwan-China trading bill, and prevent the government from getting too close to China, a lot of students along with objective groups protested in front of the congress. The Sunflower Event is the largest civil disobedience movement since the Wild Lily Event. The event resulted in the vigorously rising of the civil society and many influtial third parties.
- 超過三十年來,台大學生會一直肩負著社會責任,日後也將扛起使社會更進步、更自由的責任。
- NTUSA has been shouldering over 30 years and will be continously shouldering the social responsibility to promote a more democratic, more progressive and freer society.
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### 行政部門
### The Executive Department
- 如您所見,行政部門設有八個常設部門與兩個政策部門,此外還有一個獨立的選舉委員會。虛線表示選舉委員會並不受會長指揮。
- As you can see, there are 8 permenant departments, 2 policy departments, and an independent committee in the executive department. The dash line means that the election committee is not under the control of the president.
- 在這些部門中,我想特別介紹的是福利部、文化部與學術部。
- Among these departments, I would like to specially introduce three most important of them, which are Department of Student Welfare, Department of Culture, and Department of Acadimics.
#### 福利部
#### Department of Students' Welfare
- 福利部長期致力於爭取學生權利。現今學生遭受國家機器的剝削與教育商品化所苦。福利部因此將注意力放在校園中的一些議題,例如宿舍、學術與實驗室、空間與價格的干擾、性騷擾等議題。福利部的部員需要抓緊每個可以與校方行政當局協商或溝通的機會,以改善這些議題。
- The first one is the Department of Student Welfare, which dedicated to fighting for students' rights. Nowadays, students confront by exploitation from the state apparatus and commercialization of education. They should thus take attention on dormitory, academics, laboratory, the distribution of space and fund, and sexual harassment, to name some issues on campus but a few. Therefore, members of the department have to grab any chances to negotiate with the university’s authority in order to imporve the situations.
#### 文化部
#### Department of Culture
##### 電影
##### Movie
- 另一個部門是文化部。文化部本年度的兩大目標是藝術活動與文化政治。針對前者,文化部已經舉辦電影節超過二十年,今年除了會繼續舉辦之外,也會舉辦電影獎,以鼓勵學習電影技術與拍攝電影的學生。
- The next one is the department of culture. Two main goals of the department is to promote artistic activities, and to work on some specific issues on cultural politics. For the first goal, Department of Culture has hold the NTU Movie Festival for over two decades. This year, they will also hold the Student Movie Award to encourage students who study on movie arts and who make movie.
##### 語言
##### Language
- 針對第二項目標,文化部將聚焦於本土語言/母語的議題,尤其是台語與客語。在歷史上,由於國民黨威權政府的政策,台灣人有很長一段時間不能使用母語,如台語、客語或原住民語;在南島語系中,台灣原住民語與馬來語是非常接近的。威權當局的「國語(北京話)政策」導致越來越少人使用母語。一項在1945年的調查發現,有超過90%的台灣人民使用台語,但現今只於60%。晚近的調查指出台語將於五十年內自導上消失。然而不幸的是,在校園中仍然有一股強大的勢力仍然堅持所有會議的出席者必須使用北京話。文化部的目標即是促使所有的語言都被平等的對待;即使一個語言的使用人數極少,也必須被珍惜、保護。
- For the second goal, Department of Culture works on issue of Native Language, especially Taiwanese and Hakka. In Taiwan's History, there has been a long time when Taiwanese was abolished by the Kuo-Ming Tang regime, the authoritarian government, to speak the native language like Taiwanese, Hakka, and aboriginal language, which is close to Malay under the Language Family of Austronesian (南島語族). The authoritarian government compel Taiwanese to speak Mandarin only; the Mandarin-as-the-state-language policy leads to the result that fewer and fewer people can speak native language now. It was researched that in 1945, when the Japanese colonial government retreated, over 90% of people in Taiwan speaked Taiwanese; however, only 60% of people in Taiwan speak Taiwanese now. The language is said to be naturally extinguished within 50 years. Unfortunately, there is still a strong force on campus, advocating that attendants in all kinds of meetings in the school must speak Mandarin, the state language. The goal of The Department of Culture is hence to propagate that all language should be treated equally and equitably. Even if a language is used by little population, it still needs to be cherished and protected.
#### 學術部
#### Department of Academics
- 還有一個特色部門是學術部,下轄轉型正義小組、中國因素小組、勞動小組與性別工作坊。
- Still another features in the student association is the Department of Academics, including the transitional jutice group, the China factor group, the labor group, and the gender equality promotion group.
##### 轉型正義小組
##### Transitional Justice
- 如同先前提及的,國民黨威權政權藉由戒嚴法以合法化對人民的監視、監禁、凌虐與死亡威脅等,超過五十年。當時即使在這個不具正當性的法律,也有許多師生被非法逮捕與監禁,僅因他們的親友是政治犯,或僅因他們說了觸怒當局的話,或僅因威權當局「懷疑」他們做了一些事。時至今日,我們仍然難以計算受害者們在這段黑暗的歷史中所受到的創傷。但我們必須面對歷史,找到加害者並修復這些創傷。然而這是個極其艱難的工作,畢竟加害者與受害者的界線是極其模糊的。
- As I mentioned before, Kuo-Ming Tang regime, the authoritarian government, using martial law to legallize surveillance, imprisonment, torture and death threat on Taiwanese for over fifty years. In that time, even under the illegimate law, many student and teacher were being unlawfully arrested and prisoned, just because they are the relations or friends of political prisoners, just because they said something that government did not like, or even just because the government "doubted" they had did something. Today, we can still not calculate how much trauma had left under the dark history in modern Taiwan. However, what we need to do is to face the history, to find the injurer and to make it recovered. It will be a tough, tough work, because the boundary between injurer and victim is always blurry.
##### 中國因素
##### China Factor
- 另一個學術部的特點是中國因素小組,或是更直接且精確的說,中國的入侵。台灣現在是在戰爭狀態下——當然我說的不是傳統意義上的實體戰爭,而是相對新的、非正規的、非實體的混合戰,較顯著的方面是併購媒體與費用極低的大學交流統戰團。前者是為了已無法想像的大規模傳播特定的(可能是真或假的)消息。
- Another features in the Department of Academics is the China factor group, or more directly and precisely, China's invasion. Taiwan is now in the state of war against China. What I mean is not the traditional, physical war, but a rather new, hybrid, but non-physical war, which is in an irregular way, such as media aquisition and spread some specific infomarion, which can be true or false, in a very unimaginably large scale, or to invite college students to "communicate" with Chinese universities at a extremely low price.
- 納粹政權的宣傳部長Paul Joseph Goebbels曾說,「一個謊話重複一千次也不會變成真話,但如果沒有人戳破的話就會。」中國進行的媒體併購即是為了非物理性的入侵台灣,重複性的散播促統反獨的消息。至於大學交流團即是俗稱的統戰團,中國共產黨政權十分喜歡邀請台灣的大學生前往中國的大學交流,這些統戰團的花費通常極低,例如一星期一千台幣(約合135令吉)。中國政府此舉即是為了降低台灣對中國的敵意,並藉此降低其入侵的輿論壓力。
- It was said by Paul Joseph Goebbels, the minister of propaganda of Nazi regime, "a lie will not become the truth even after being repeated 1000 times; but it will if nobody refute it." China's aquisition of media is to repeatedly spread pro-unity or anti-independent information to invade Taiwan in a non-physical way. The latter is the so-called "united-front tour." China communist regime like to invite Taiwanese students to visit China's university in the name of communication. China government usually gets the bill so the expense becomes very cheap, like 1000 New Taiwan Dollars, or about 135 Malaysion Ringgits for a trip of a week. In this way, the goal of China government is actually to lower Taiwanese's hostility against China and hence to lower the public pressure on its invasion.
- 我們必須對於中國的入侵非常努力的喚醒台大學生或甚至整個社會的注意。我們甚至應該拒絕隨同統戰團前往中國,因為這是象徵性的表示台灣人並不排斥中國的入侵。
- What we should work very hard on the issue of China's invasion is to scream out for NTU students', or even whole Taiwan society's attention. We should even refuse to take a "united-front tour" to China, which symbolically stands for that we Taiwanese don't dislike China's invasion.
##### 勞動小組
##### Labor
- 另一個主要議題是校園中的勞動。很多大學生在學校裡作為教學助理或研究助理,他們卻面臨著高工時低薪資的問題。我們要求校方停止剝削這些學生。此外,除了老師與學生之外,仍有更多的人在校園中面臨著被剝削的問題,例如工友與保全。校方為了壓低行政成本,不斷的剝削他們;然而作為全台灣的第一志願,台大無疑在台灣人民面前做了極差的示範,同時也損害了學生的權益。
- Another issue is labor on campus. Many college students serve on campus as teaching or researching assistants. They confront with a low-salary long-time working condition, though. We ask the university to stop exploiting these students. In addition, there are a lot more people working for the university excluding students and professors, like janitors and security. The university has been keeping exploiting them to lower the cost. As the top 1 university in Taiwan, the university made a vicious demonstration to Taiwanese and even reduced the students' rights.
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### 立法部門
### The Legislative Department
- 作為學生會的立法部門,學代會主要職司監察學生會。在三權分立制下。學代會負責行使行政部門部長與學生法官的同意權、審查預算、制定法律以及行使糾正權與彈劾權。為了有效行使職權,學代會分為多個委員會,依學代專業與偏好選擇加入。
- As the legislative department, the responsibility of Student Council is to observe the executive department. Under the trias politica model, the student council takes the duties of confirmation of nominated ministers and judges, review of the budget and final account, legislative powers, and the power of correcting and impeaching. To well exercise the legislative power, the representatives go into several committees based on individual interests or professions.
- 學生代表也是由台大學生直選產生。作為另一種公眾意見的代表,學代們也肩負推動如性別與勞權等進步議題的校園與社會責任。學代們也經常參與抗爭,例如太陽花發起之初即有多位學代參與。
- The representatives are also directly elected by NTU students. Standing for public opinions, the representatives also undertake the college and social responsibilties to promote some progressive issues, such as gender equity and labor conditions. The representatives often show in demonstrations, too; some of the pioneers of the Sunflower Movement came from the Student Council.
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### 司法部門
### The Judical Department
- 學生法院是學生會的司法部門,設有九位學生法官,組成行政庭(上級與下級庭)、憲章解釋庭與仲裁庭等。學生法官是由會長提名、經學代會同意產生。此外,首席法官由九位法官互相推選。
- The Student Judiciary holds the judical department of NTUSA. There are 9 student judges, consisting of administrative courts (superior and interior), constitutional court, and arbitration tribunal. The student judges are nominated by the president of the executive department, and confirmed by the Student Council, the legislative department. In addition, the chief judge is mutually elected among all the 9 judges.
- 如前述,行政庭包含下級與上級庭,分別負責第一與第二審級案件。行政庭通常在處理選舉案件,包括選舉無效與當選無效之訴。
- As aforementioned, the administrative courts containing the interior court and the superior court, which are respectively responsibile for the first and second instance. The administrative courts generally deal with the elective cases, including the appeal against a void election and against an invalid declaration of elected candidate.
- 憲章解釋庭是由全部九位法官組成,負責學生憲章的統一解釋。解釋庭至今已產生14號解釋,並確立了學生自治的一些重要原則。
- The constitutional court, as its literally meanings, consists of all 9 student judges to interpret the contitution of the Student Association, the student charter. Until today, the constitutional court has made 14 interpretations and ensured several rules for student autonomy.
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# 結論
# Conclusion
- 今日,台大學生遭遇到包括個人日常生活中、或如面對校方行政機關難以撼動、或是對於社會或國家議題感到無力等更複雜的問題。學生會應該組織起學生們,蒐集其意見並形成公眾力量以促使社會進步。
- NTU students encounter many obstacles, from personal problems in daily life to more complex ones, such as the difficulty of improving the power structure of decision-making bodies in school, and feeling powerless about social issues or the national situation today. NTUSA should be responsible for gathering students’ opinions and action forces and connecting everyone’s power to pursue better changes.
- 屠圖主教曾說,「如果你對於每個不公義的情況都保持中立,那你就相當於選擇站在壓迫者的一方。」許多校園中的事務也是如此。台大學生會不只扮演學生與校方的橋樑,也是學生們有力的後盾。學生會堅持站在學生的立場,並挑戰任何將學生視為教條式馴化的客體的權力主體。
- Desmond Tutu once said, “If you are neutral in situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor.” Many affairs in the campus work this way as well. NTUSA serves not only as a bridge between students and the school, but also as a backup force for students. We will stand firmly on students’ side, and challenge any existing power structure that sees students as objects to be disciplined.
- 我們的公共參與體制並非憑空出現,而是民主前輩們爭取而來。現今,我們的國家無論在國內外都處於艱難的政治處境下,我們必須認知到民主的弱點,並捍衛我們的民主成就。社會聲量與社會責任是相應而生;作為全台首學,我們可以說是動見觀瞻。因此,我們更應該大聲說出我們的理念,並在行動中落實。我們相信我們必須承擔起使台灣變得更好的社會責任。
- The public engagement system we have today did not appear out of nowhere. Without our predecessors’ fights and sacrifices in the past, we might not be able to own what we have today. With our nation under harsh political circumstances -- both domestic and foreign, we need to realize the weaknesses of democracy and safeguard our democratic achievements. Social impact comes along with social responsibilities. As we stand for the students of the top 1 university in Taiwan, everyone is watching what we act. We should hence speak up loudly and put our belief into practice. We believe that we should undertake our responsibilities to make Taiwan better.
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