Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) and Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) differ in terms of data access via the internet as follows:
1. Amazon EBS:
* EBS volumes are typically attached to EC2 instances within a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).
* By default, EBS volumes do not allow internet-based access.
* Access to data on EBS volumes is controlled through the EC2 instance's security groups and network configurations.
* If you want to enable internet-based access, you can configure your EC2 instance to allow it through security group and network ACL settings.
2. Amazon EFS:
* EFS file systems are designed for network-based access and can be mounted by multiple EC2 instances in a VPC.
* EFS file systems can be configured for internet-based access by associating them with a VPC's Network Address Translation (NAT) gateway or using VPC peering.
* This allows instances in different VPCs or even outside AWS (over Direct Connect or VPN) to access EFS file systems over the internet.

Here's a Ruby function to check whether a given storage service allows internet-based access, focusing on EFS. This function checks if the EFS file system is associated with a VPC's NAT gateway or VPC peering, enabling internet-based access:

require 'aws-sdk-efs'

def allows_internet_access(efs_file_system_id)
  efs_client = Aws::EFS::Client.new

  begin
    response = efs_client.describe_file_systems(file_system_id: efs_file_system_id)
    file_system = response.file_systems[0]

    # Check if the EFS file system is associated with a VPC's NAT gateway or VPC peering
    if file_system.life_cycle_state == 'available' && (file_system.number_of_mount_targets > 0)
      puts "EFS file system allows internet-based access."
    else
      puts "EFS file system does not allow internet-based access."
    end
  rescue StandardError => e
    puts "Error checking EFS file system: #{e.message}"
  end
end

# Replace 'your-efs-file-system-id' with the actual EFS file system ID
allows_internet_access('your-efs-file-system-id')

This function uses the AWS SDK for Ruby (AWS SDK v3) to check if the EFS file system is associated with a VPC's NAT gateway or VPC peering, indicating whether it allows internet-based access. Adjust the file system ID as needed.