[]# Futuretron EV Course_CHAPTER3 3.1 Mass and Weight Mass is the amount of matter in a material, while weight is a measure of how the force of gravity acts upon that mass. Mass is denoted using m or M. Weight usually is denoted by W Weight is mass multiplied by the acceleration of gravity (g). Then, W = m * g

1 A video recording and materials from a webinar meeting As far as i remember very first web meeting was initiated Pablo and set the flow of the antenna CoP, it would be great to have that recording which pablo is likely to have to be part of this report if its made available we could do materials annotation based on that. 2 A step-by-step tutorial https://tdr.libre.org.ar/blog/2-step-by-step-sectorial/ further annotations of the tutorial are available in the next deliverable point (point 3) and learnings on Antenna Design also alternative approach to design and building antenna is documented below

chapter wise links https://hackmd.io/@FuturetronEv/r1TABptyP https://hackmd.io/@FuturetronEv/SkkbI_a1v https://hackmd.io/@FuturetronEv/S1FSdYtkD https://hackmd.io/@FuturetronEv/HJRvWd61P https://hackmd.io/NOBloSpKRJCrsMWVjlrGFA https://hackmd.io/@FuturetronEv/B1xS-daJv https://hackmd.io/@FuturetronEv/BkqvpN_yv https://hackmd.io/@FuturetronEv/H1lyWOTyP

CHAPTER1: Automobile Engineering 1.1 Introduction to Automobile Engineering 1.2 Basic components of the Automobile 1.3 Parameters in automobile ride and handling 1.4 Cornering Dynamics 1.5 Oversteer and Understeer 1.6 Rollover Threshold CHAPTER2: Introduction to EV 2.1 Importance of EV in Current Global Scenario

:memo: Technology Scouting Phase shift of movement of people through Electric Mobility solution paris pledge The country has pledged a 33-35% reduction in the “emissions intensity” of its economy by 2030, compared to 2005 levels. :rocket: Technology Indigenization Rural tech labs that enables Talent pool from rural areas for accessibility of resources in developing the prototype.

****> []# Futuretron EV Course_CHAPTER3 6.1 Electric Motor An electric motor is an electrical machine that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy. The History behind an Electric Motor: The connection between electricity, magnetism, and movement was discovered in 1820 by French physicist Andre-Marie Ampere (1775–1867) and that is the basic science behind an electric motor. The discoverers who converted this scientific discovery into a practical bit of technology to power electric motors were Englishmen Michael Faraday (1791–1867) and William Sturgeon (1783–1850) and American Joseph Henry (1797–1878).

India has become one of the major economies in the developing world, with an average growth rate of about 7% over the past decade. Strong economic development has been made in the areas of technology, services and infrastructure. The difficulty to market their goods and services is one of the big problems rural entrepreneurs face. The ambitions of rural Indians are generally restricted by three major access barriers Restricted physical Connectivity(access to major city and electricity) Restricted digital Connectivity(Internet Connectivity) Restricted inclusiveness of Finance(access to banks) Non awareness of services for entrepreneurs contributes to the initial failure of potential entrepreneurs. This also creates a significant difference between rural and urban living standards. The gap among rural and urban growth is a real concern in the post-independence development process, and this gap should be effectively plugged in order to achieve an inclusive growth rate. Developing entrepreneurship affairs in the rural areas seems to be the only solution to the problem. The tremendous reversal of the movement of workforce from towns to villages has once again exposed the overwhelming concentration of economic resources in urban areas of the nation. Yet securing employment and local economies for these workforce remains a barrier. Employment for these workforces needs to be established outside the agriculture industry. Thus the need to provide ability based mentoring and work to ensure expertise. Women in rural areas play a significant role as laborers, daily wage earners and sometimes as entrepreneurs in the regional livelihood. Often, they take accountability of their family members, including the provision of food, raising children and taking care of senior citizens. Still, in few rural areas women face restrictions, unequal participation in economic activities due to gender based inequality and social customs, participation in unpaid labor and insufficient attention to schooling, health, land and economic and other facilities. In order to achieve the transformative economic, environmental and social changes necessary for sustainable growth, rural women are major participants. Empowering women is important not only to the well-being of rural communities but also to increase the economic output as a whole, considering the significant inclusion of women in the nation’s agricultural sector. Studies have shown that local women have been able to share their thoughts on village affairs, with their interest reinforced by new skills and choices. Community spaces for marginal communities play a big part in enhancing livelihood and rural economy. This self-designed teaching method allows local residents of all levels and social economic groups to create their own personalized educational programs instead of implementing an exclusive approach. Also training provides them with expertise to seek new livelihood opportunities and responding to the needs through technologies. By starting a solar power based community hub where people can get together, teach and also learn to be a part of the community and solve all kinds of issue in the area. It will also be a power bank for the entire village where women can learn about the power management and utilize the space to the most; they can also charge their electric based equipment and tools. This initiative will lead to self-sustainable living as well as it will create employment opportunities if they move to cities and towns. This will help them in designing their own tools which will be electrically powered and as these tools will ease their work as well. How proper training and mentoring can change livelihood was proved by Gurmet Angmo, who holds an extraordinary intelligence and ability. She is mother of 2 who turned into a solar engineer after her training in solar engineering for 6 months with Global Himalayan Expedition (GHE). Gurmet’s message to other women struggling with the formal education system and unable to find work, but willing to make something of their lives is simple. “Don’t just rely on education. Government jobs are limited, and you must do something on your own. And if you have a burning desire to do something, you can do it. There’s nothing impossible if we just dare to do it. We just need to take that first step,” she says.

Abstract Ignition System (IS) based on Radio frequency identification technology (RFID) will allow complete ignition access via RFID card, controlling the start system of the vehicle and securing vehicles from autostealings. The proposed system is based on UHF RFID readers, Arduino microcontrollers, and identification cards containing RFID-transponders that are able to electronically store data that can be read/written even without the physical contact with the help of radio medium. This system is an innovative system, which describes the benefits of applying RFID-technology in the vehicles security process. Introduction Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a rapidly growing technology that has high potential to make great economic impacts on many fields of industry. While RFID is a relatively old technology, more recent advancements in chip manufacturing technology and new applied security algorithms are making RFID practical for new applications and settings, particularly consumer item level tagging. These advancements have the potential to revolutionize mainly supply-chain management, inventory control, and logistics. At its most basic form, RFID systems consist of small transponders, also known as tags, attached to physical objects. There are many types of RFID systems, which used in different applications and settings. These systems differ according to their power sources, operating frequencies, and functionalities. The properties and regulatory restrictions of a particular RFID system will determine its manufacturing costs, physical specifications,and performance. Some of the most familiar RFID applications are item-level tagging with electronic product codes, proximity cards for physical access control, and contact-less payment systems. Fig. 1 Work flow diagram Fig. 2 Components of the system and their inter-connections

Abstract With increasing awareness towards environmental issues, the modern society seems inclined towards use of cleaner fuel in transportation and a drift towards electric vehicles is now being observed world over. Government of India has already made its vision 2030 public in which 100% use of electric vehicles in public transport and increased percentage of electric vehicles in personal passenger vehicles is envisaged. The paper presents a method followed for the conversion process of a traditional ICE vehicle to electric vehicle. The research specifically takes into consideration ARAI guidelines and Indian laws that benefit the process. The paper is presented in three sections. The first section deals with essential electrical components required for the procedure and their selection respectively. The second section contains simulation of selected electric motor along with cost analysis of the complete drive. The third section contains the procedure followed to obtain the final vehicle along with descriptive images for better understanding of placement of the components. The final vehicle obtained is highly cost effective as well as efficient in its performance. INTRODUCTION With more than 13 million vehicles already in Delhi; manufacturing of new vehicles would only add to the problem. The electric cars utilize large battery packs for storage of energy which increases the already inflated cost of a new car. Hence retrofitting plays an important role and changes the already existing power-train of the vehicle. Figure.1. Block diagram of drive train in electric vehicle Figure.2. Block diagram of drive train in ICE vehicle ELECTRIC MOTOR SELECTION

List of material Frame 15 x 4040 T-slot aluminum channel 6 x 2020 T-slot aluminum channel 4 x 400mm (X) 4 x 400mm (Y) 4 x 500mm (Z) 2 x 285mm (Bed) 1 x 185mm (Bed)

Two ATX power supply is taken out of a old computer with approximately similar power,in our case it is a 350W power supply.These system can serve a wide range of output voltage for different applications. Fig 1:Two ATX Power supply of similar watts. The main aim of this project is to obatin higher voltage. Since the ATX power supply only offersv a maximum of 12V, we are gonna connect the PSU's in Series.For eg.if we are using 2 PSU's in series we get a maximum of 24V(12V+12V=24V).If we need a higher output voltage then we need to add up the no. of PSU's in series to obtain the required output voltage. Testing PSU's Fig2:Testing the power supply units.

1] Electric Car (Atleast 15 participants) Pros Practically learn all of the concepts that have been taught in the course. All participants will get a chance for a hands on session as there will be enough work for everyone to work with. One can scale up these learnings and work on much bigger projects. Cons Overall cost will be higher.

Frame 15 x 4040 T-slot aluminum channel 6 x 2020 T-slot aluminum channel 4 x 400mm (X) 4 x 400mm (Y) 4 x 500mm (Z) 2 x 285mm (Bed) 1 x 185mm (Bed)

Sensors DHT11/DHT22: temperature and humidity sensor DS18B20: is a 1-wire programmable Temperature sensor from maxim integrated. It is widely used to measure temperature in hard environments like in chemical solutions, mines or soil etc.It can measure a wide range of temperature from -55°C to +125° with a decent accuracy of ±5°C DS18S20: is a digital thermometer provides 9-bit Celsius temperature measurements and has an alarm function with nonvolatile user-programmable upper and lower trigger points. DS18B20 has a wider temperature range compared to DS18S20 (-55 to 125° C compared to -55 to 85° C). IR Sensor BMP180 Barometer: used to determine the air pressure, used in weather stations and similar projects. Moisture Sensor: It is placed in the ground and measures the humidity by current flowing between the strands Capacitive ground moisture sensor: A problem with analog moisture sensors is that they erode over time and are not always very precise. Capacitive sensors prevent these problems.

13-07-2020 Documenting EV course module Sharing already documented module and discussing what needs to be added @prathikmp Introduction to Automobile Engineering @UQH5T0EEQvehtlm4gwyxKA Chasis and frame @RrfK0DtqSPOEx7T9z19ZpA suspension system

In the last few years, trends suggest a rise in interest among the common masses for electric cars in comparison to electric two-wheelers and ICE vehicles Electric cars offer a lower operating cost on a fundamental level compared to conventional internal combustion engines. Electric cars are on average 75-80 percent cheaper from fuel and maintenance, which is an significant factor for many customers who use cars for everyday commuting. This is easier than refuelling a traditional fuel tank to charge a battery. EVs have 75-80 per cent less moving parts, resulting in lower maintenance bills. 10.1 The challenges in Consumer Adoption of Electric Vehicle Breaking away the old rules and building up modern customer behaviour is often a challenge. Users are commonly anxious about the speed and range of EVs. Besides that, the introduction of electric vehicle cars in India would pose a range of challenges in the near future. Including: Charging infrastructure

[]# Futuretron EV Course_CHAPTER7 8.1 Battery Charger A battery charger or recharger is a device used for transferring energy into a secondary cell or rechargeable battery by driving electrical current into it.Electric vehicles are equipped with a finite size battery which discharges when driving a certain range. The batteries need to be charged again for traveling further. The chargers used to charge the batteries could be mounted in houses, offices, or in public places. AC Charging In alternating current, the movement of electric charges periodically changes its direction. AC is the most widely used and preferred power for domestic appliances, factories, and homes, etc. Slow AC charging is the most common form of electric vehicle charging. An EVSE supplies AC current to the onboard charger of the vehicle which in turn converts the AC power to DC allowing charging of the battery.

[]# Futuretron EV Course_CHAPTER1 1.1 . Introduction to Automobile Engineering Automobile engineering involves a study in manufacturing, designing, mechanical mechanisms as well as operations of automobiles. It is an introduction to vehicle engineering which deals with motorcycles, cars, buses, trucks, etc. It includes branch study of mechanical, electronic, software and safety elements. Some of the engineering attributes and disciplines that are of importance to the automotive engineer and many of the other aspects are included in it. History of Automobile In the early days people used bullock carriage or other animals such as camel, horse etc. to transport good and human from one place to another. In use of these animals one big problem encounter is that they could not travel for long distance and for long time. So the necessary of a machine is arrive which can satisfied these function. After a great effort of scientists, automobile came into existence in 1769, when a French engineer Captain Nicholas Cugnot designed the first road vehicle propelled by its own power. It is a steam engine automobile but his design proved to be impractical. First steam carriage was built by Richard Trevithick in 1801 in England. In the year 1860, first internal combustion engine was developed by J.J.E. Lenoir. He used coal gas as fuel. There is no compression stroke before burring of fuel. In the year 1867, Nikolaus Otto and Eugen Langer used compression stroke in that engine so the power of engine will increase. In the year 1876, Nikolaus Otto developed first four stroke spark ignition engine.

[]# Futuretron EV Course_CHAPTER8 Vehicle Dynamics is a study of vehicle activity when under conditions of operation they are exposed to various types of loads and forces. It is a principal concept in automotive design and production. For forecasting vehicle failure in the long term, a Knowlegde of Vehicle Dynamics is necessary. 9.1 Acceleration It is velocity transition rate with respect to time. Acceleration is a quantity of the vector which has both direction and magnitude. This is expressed mathematically as the second time-related derivative of position, or as the first time-related derivative of velocity. Formula is expressed as: Where,

Slide_1: Trends suggest a rise in interest among the common masses for electric cars in comparison to electric two-wheelers and ICE vehicles Slide_2: The challenges in Consumer Adoption of Electric Vehicle There are a number of challenges in the adoption of electric vehicle cars in India in the near future. These include Charging infrastructure Battery performance Supply-demand gap Creating the closed-loop