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資料整理:南臺科技大學電子系 陳延維

Lab 2.2:杜邦線製作教學

教學目標
電路整體是由模組、元件與電子線材所組成的電子迴路,而電子線材需要以使用環境與接合穩定度去考量線材的型態,也能夠外接輔助端,使接合能夠更牢靠,電路能夠更整齊。「杜邦線」便是結合輔助端的線路之一,杜邦線前後端有著長方形接頭,接頭內部則由端子與線材組合而成,而前後端有公對公母對母公對母3種組合方式,能夠方便電路的銜接。對於電子工程,杜邦線是不可或缺的存在,因此本課程教學主要為杜邦線的製作,同時簡單介紹常用線材,讓同學們對電路能夠深化。

線材

  • 單芯線/多芯線:
    • 外觀:有一層塑膠皮包著。
    • 優點:外層可以保護銅線。
    • 缺點:每次要焊接之前,都要把外層剝掉。
  • 鍍銀線/OK線
    • 外觀:外面鍍著一層銀。
    • 優點:因為銀也是導電物質,所以可以直接焊接。
    • 缺點:沒有缺點。
  • 漆包線:
    • 外觀:銅線外有一層漆。
    • 優點:外面的漆可以保護銅線。
    • 缺點:每次要焊接之前,都要把漆刮掉。
  • 熱縮套管
    • 適用於端子與電線接頭、電線終端、電阻電容器、連接部之絕緣保護功能。

製作母對母杜邦線:

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準備工具

  • 根據個人使用的習慣及喜好,在製作杜邦線時我們可以分成使用壓線鉗或尖嘴鉗來使用:
    • 壓線鉗的好處就是它操作簡單,基本上只要操作無誤使用後的杜邦線都會長的一樣,穩定性很佳。
    • 尖嘴鉗最大的好處就是在於他的方便性,基本上一隻就可以搞定所有工程,且自由性高可隨時除錯修正,拿順手的人甚至可以壓的比壓線鉗還要快。
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      《本次教學所需的零件及工具》

使用壓線鉗製作:

  1. 從多芯線裁切出所需的線段,接著將線端的前後端經由剝線鉗撥除0.5(mm)長的橡膠絕緣外皮,在選擇剝線刻度時,需依照線材外皮的線徑規格,避免發生內部導線一起被剝除的情況。

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    ※撥線後結果※
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  2. 將杜邦端子放置在壓線鉗的適合的孔徑,並使杜邦端子的缺口處朝外,若覺得不好放置,可以藉由壓線鉗輕壓到杜邦端子,達到固定杜邦端子的功效,使後續的流程能夠更準確。

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  3. 固定完成後,將剝完的銅線放置進去,並於另一頭確認有無銅線跑出去的情況,確認無誤後就能夠完全壓下壓線鉗。

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  4. 使用壓線鉗容易遇到沒辦法完全壓緊密合的情況,所以這個時候我們就需要使用尖嘴鉗將壓過的地方大致用力壓過才行。

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    ※如圖所示壓緊※
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  5. 最後,將我們的杜邦接頭隨著相對位置、倆倆正面朝上插入進去就大功告成了,若發現卡住的情況就在使用尖嘴鉗壓緊一些再嘗試套進去。最後一定要試著用力把杜邦接頭用力往外拉扯確認有沒有確實卡進去後才算是成功。

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    ※大功告成※
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  6. 如法炮製另一端也做好就算完成一條杜邦線了。

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使用尖嘴鉗製作:

  1. 撥線的部分同壓線鉗製作相同,其後將線放進杜邦端子裡面,外側三角狀的部分用來包住橡膠套、內部方狀的部分包住銅線,將方狀部分左一塊右一塊的方式壓緊在銅線上面,如圖所示。

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    ※將銅線緊緊包住※
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  2. 將三角狀的部分也以左一塊右一塊的方式壓緊在橡膠套上面。

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    ※包覆完就算大功告成了※
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  3. 最後將杜邦接頭試著套進去,若發現卡住的情況就在使用尖嘴鉗壓緊一些再嘗試套進去。

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    ※測試是否接緊後就大功告成了※
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    ※使用壓線鉗及尖嘴鉗做好的成果※


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實習驗收項目

  1. 杜邦線製作:每組製作10條杜邦端子線,所需材料為
    • 每條杜邦端子線10公分
    • 5條杜邦母-母端子
    • 5條杜邦公-母端子