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電子零件:繼電器 Relay

tags: Electronic parts INPUT Hardware

繼電器是一種電子控制器件,它具有控制系統和被控制系統,通常應用於自動控制電路中,是用較小的電流去控制較大電流的一種「自動開關」,在電路中起著自動調節、安全保護、轉換電路等作用。

一般繼電器

繼電器種類

依內部構造分為:一、機械式繼電器,二、固態繼電器。

一、機械式繼電器

機械式繼電器是藉由小電流流通線圈(coil)產生電磁效應形成電磁鐵,造成其內部構造移動使大電流端得以流通,讓電器通電。

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而繼電器又分為單軸單切(spst)、單軸雙切(spdt)、雙軸單切(dpst)、雙軸雙切(dpdt)等不同規格。

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二、固態繼電器 SSR

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補充:極限開關 limit switch

極限開關又稱「微動開關」,微動開關是用機械原理,用東西直接碰觸到開關連桿,來使電流流通,與機械式之繼電器的機械原理雷同。一般來說有三個接腳,分別是COM、NO(常開)和NC(常閉)。

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繼電器之應用

一、馬達正反轉控制,二、形成自保電路。

一、馬達正反轉控制

二、形成自保電路

繼電器最常使用的功能之一就是形成自保電路(relay latch)。

範例:自動門電路示範

自動門電路及自保電路形成過程:

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