# Nginx 設定方法
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###### tags: `Ngix` `Proxy` `Reverse`
[toc]

## Nginx
### 1. 移除原來的Web server：

移除方法如下:(以apache2為例)   

systemctl stop apache2 #關閉web server(apache2)
systemctl disable apache2 #卸載web server(apache2)
apt remove apache2 #移除web server(apache2)
systemctl status apache #如果是centos系列將apt換成yum

### 2. 安裝 Nginx：

apt install nginx -y #如果是centos系列將apt換成yum
systemctl enable nginx #裝載web server(apache2)
systemctl start nginx #開啟web server(apache2)
systemctl status nginx #查看是否成功

### 3. 設定 Nginx：  
/etc/nginx/conf.d (這個是用來放Global設定檔的)
/etc/nginx/sites_available (這個是用來放單一網站設定檔的)  
/etc/nginx/sites_enabled (這個是nginx會讀取的目錄)  
然後用 symblic link 將available中設好的設定檔連過enabled中即可，不用時將enabled中的link移除就好了，不必把整個設定檔刪除  
例如: 新增一個設定檔 server1  
nano /etc/nginx/sites_available/server1  
ln -s /etc/nginx/sites_available/server1 /etc/nginx/sites-enabled  
nginx -t   #測試設定檔是否正確   
systemctl restart nginx

#server1
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;

server_name server1.com app1.com;

root /home/user1/www;
index index.html;
}

### 4. 設定 Nginx的 reverse proxy：這裡如果寫2個upstream就能負載平衡   

# reverse proxy 的設定範例

server {
listen 1122; # 在 public ip中開啟的 port - forward 到 server 1
proxy_pass inner-server1;
}

upstream inner-server1 {
server 192.168.1.11:22; # 內網中server1 ip 與 sshd port
}

參考資料:  
[Nginx原生變數]: https://blog.wangqi.love/articles/nginx/nginx%E6%95%B4%E7%90%86.html

### 5.Nginx中rewrite的範例  
使用 rewrite 將 $request_uri 改寫。  
http://host/article/show?id=4&type=php&cat=12  
rewrite到  
http://host/article/show/4?type=php&cat=12

if($request_uri ~* "/article/show\?id=([0-9]+)&(.*)") {
set $myid $1
set $myque $2
rewrite ^/ /article/show/$myid?$$myque? redirect;
}

### 6.Nginx Server中的$uri轉成內網的port範例    
http://host/port/api/path_info?query_string 外網中\$URI   
host.port pass(reverse proxy)to host:port (port:8000~8499)    
http://localhost:port/api/path_info?query_string 內網中app的\$URI   

server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;

server_name server_dn1 server_dn2; #這邊改成server的doamin name

root /home/kevin/www;
index index.html;

location / {
if ($request_uri ~* "/([8][0-4][0-9][0-9])/(.*)") {
set $myport $1;
set $myuri $2;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:$myport/$myuri;
}
}
}

### 6.Nginx Server開啟使用者網頁範例    
http://host/port/api/path_info?query_string 外網中\$URI   
host.port pass(reverse proxy)to host:port (port:8000~8499)    
http://localhost:port/api/path_info?query_string 內網中app的\$URI   

server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;

server_name server_dn1 server_dn2; #這邊改成server的doamin name

root /home/kevin/www;
index index.html;

location / {
if ($request_uri ~* "/([8][0-4][0-9][0-9])/(.*)") {
set $myport $1;
set $myuri $2;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:$myport/$myuri;
}
}

location ~ ^/~(.+?)(/.*)?$ {
alias /home/$1/www$2;
index index.html index.htm;
autoindex on;
}
}

Author:
- [name=林奇賢]