20251201

# STM32 專案 VSCode 開發流程

## 環境設置

安裝 [VSCode](https://code.visualstudio.com/) 並開啟

安裝中文套件

安裝 STM32 VSCode 套件

左側選單選擇 STM32CUBE
點擊啟動 STM32CubeMX 與 STMCUFinder
VSCode 找不到這兩個軟體時會跳出框
可直接點擊下載跳轉至官方下載頁面

下方點擊 System 的 Bundle 管理

全選並進行安裝更新

再次點擊啟動 STM32CubeMX
建立新專案

選擇使用的 STM32 晶片或版子
設定腳位功能、時鐘等
並在專案管理設定專案名稱、專案目錄
工具鏈與 IDE 設定為 CMake
並點擊生成程式

在 VSCode 開啟專案資料夾

CMake 選擇預設模式
通常先選 Debug
正式推出再生成 Release 二進制檔

開啟任一 C 檔案
安裝 C/C++ 套件

可隨時切換 CMake 模式

可新增 RelWithDebInfo 與 MinSizeRel 模式
修改 CMakePresets.json

{
    "version": 3,
    "configurePresets": [
        {
            "name": "default",
            "hidden": true,
            "generator": "Ninja",
            "binaryDir": "${sourceDir}/build/${presetName}",
		    "toolchainFile": "${sourceDir}/cmake/gcc-arm-none-eabi.cmake",
            "cacheVariables": {
            }
        },
        {
            "name": "Debug",
            "inherits": "default",
            "cacheVariables": {
                "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "Debug"
            }
        },
        {
            "name": "RelWithDebInfo",
            "inherits": "default",
            "cacheVariables": {
                "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "RelWithDebInfo"
            }
        },
        {
            "name": "Release",
            "inherits": "default",
            "cacheVariables": {
                "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "Release"
            }
        },
        {
            "name": "MinSizeRel",
            "inherits": "default",
            "cacheVariables": {
                "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "MinSizeRel"
            }
        }
    ],
    "buildPresets": [
        {
            "name": "Debug",
            "configurePreset": "Debug"
        },
        {
            "name": "RelWithDebInfo",
            "configurePreset": "RelWithDebInfo"
        },
        {
            "name": "Release",
            "configurePreset": "Release"
        },
        {
            "name": "MinSizeRel",
            "configurePreset": "MinSizeRel"
        }
    ]
}

Debug 的方式

若要生成 bin 與 hex 檔案
在 CMakeLists.txt 最後新增

find_program(ARM_OBJCOPY arm-none-eabi-objcopy REQUIRED)
set(ELF_FILE $<TARGET_FILE:${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME}>)   # CMake 會自動產生 .elf
set(BIN_FILE ${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME}.bin)
set(HEX_FILE ${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME}.hex)
add_custom_command(TARGET ${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME} POST_BUILD
    COMMAND ${ARM_OBJCOPY} -O binary ${ELF_FILE} ${BIN_FILE}
    COMMAND ${ARM_OBJCOPY} -O ihex   ${ELF_FILE} ${HEX_FILE}
    COMMENT "Generating ${BIN_FILE} and ${HEX_FILE}"
)

set_property(TARGET ${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME} APPEND PROPERTY
    ADDITIONAL_CLEAN_FILES
        ${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME}.bin
        ${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME}.hex
)